Saint Afanasiy Veliky wokuAlexandria: Biography, nhoroondo uye Bibliographie

Saint Athanasius Mukuru (c. 295-373 gg.) Aiva mumwe dzepamusorosoro vatungamiriri vechechi, inoreva Alexandria patristic chikoro. Chokutanga chaiva mugamuchiri of Patriarch Aleksandriyskogo Aleksandra, vachiitsiva ne nechigaro. Afanasiy Veliky aizivikanwa sezvo dzepamusorosoro anokumhan'arira pamusoro dzaArius. Pakazosvika gore 350 BC. e. Yakanga anoita chete bhishopu hweRoma (kana kupfuura chaizvo ayo okumabvazuva hafu) nearianskogo bapiro, izvo akadzinga uye vakatapwa kakawanda. Akanga somusande uye anoremekedzwa yeRoma, Orthodox uye machechi Coptic.

St. Afanasiy Veliky

Athanasius akaberekwa muIjipiti guta reArekizandriya. Paaiva mukomana, mai vake vakauya kwaari kutemberi tateguru cheArekizandiria, uye akapa basa raMwari. Aiva vaikwanisa uye akachenjera jaya, hunogutsa zvikuru mirairo yaMwari.

Muna 319, pashure 6 makore ushumiri hwake muchechi muverengi, tateguru akaropafadza jaya kuva mudhikoni Chechi Alexandria.

Mugore 325, St. Afanasiy Veliky akaperekedza Alexander First Ecumenical Council reNicaea ari munyori. Uye ipapo vari kwazvo vanoshingaira mune rakaoma vemanyepo nharo nezvokuva Kristu. Mhosva dzaArius, Arius pachake yakakandirwa, mashoko yakarira consubstantial Trinity sechiratidzo nokutenda.

Panguva iyoyowo, Athanasius akatanga kunyora mabasa ake okutanga. Akaona musina umwari vaya vanouya kuchechi raKristu, nekuti vazhinji vavo vari kungotaura, usimbe, vachitsvaka kubwinya inoparara pachake, akaunza upenyu hwechiKristu netsika dzayo dzechihedheni uye nezvakaipa veruchenie.

Arius

Pasina Arius akati zvose mashoko ekunyomba uye kutuka pamusoro paJesu uye Amai vaMwari, muchitenda kuti Kristu haana kuenzana naMwari. Akadzidzisawo vanhu risingadiwi Chechi Kristu zvinhu, nokudaro angering vakawanda. Kuwanda vateveri ichi pedzidziso yakawedzera, uye saka vakatanga kudana evaArian. Dzidziso yenhema akazvipa achivharwa yose Church Christian.

Muna 326, Patriarch Alexander afa. Asi, iye akasarudzwa Bishop Athanasius. Akanga chakakomba zvikuru nezvebasa rake, vakaita mugove vanhu, pokufumura evaArian uye kunetseka dzavo non-Christian zvitendwa. EvaArian, uyewo vakatanga makuhwa naye.

Konstantin Veliky

Panguva hweRoma anotonga Konstantin I Veliky (306-337.) Ndiani akakunda muna 324 kukunda unokuvadza soprovitelem yechihedheni Licinius. Constantine akanzwa munhu vaichengetedza wamazvirokwazvo Church yechiKristu. Aida kutsausa chiKristu kupinda chitendero wehurumende. mutongi uyu ainyatsoziva pachena mabasa uye aiva shasha Wenyika, asi dzidziso Gospel haina kunyanya kuzivikanwa, saka zvakanga zvakaoma kusarudza zvinhu zvechokwadi uye nhema, uye kuti zviri nani kusarudza - dzaArius kana Orthodox? Kutora kusava ichi ari maonero, vatsauki rakapinda mumba zvinzvimbo zvose uye zevezeve kwaari zvose zvemarudzi makuhwa uye guhwa, akamumukira uye rinotsemuka.

Constantine aiva mutsigiri nenzvimbo simba, asi haana kugamuchira itirana nokunyunyuta vatsigiri Arius, Athanasius kubva vatsigiri. MuIjipiti, yava chisimba siyana, vanhu vakatanga musazonetsanazve nekatatu mumigwagwa.

whacker

Against Archbishop Athanasius akashandura hondo yose, iye wakapomerwa kuti aiva mutadzi, n'anga uye nechifeve vasingateereri mutongi uye vanoita zviito zvisiri pamutemo.

Pfungwa kamwe asvika pfungwa dzisina musoro, paakanga achipomerwa kuti akanga kushandisa Paradzai akafa ruoko kuti vaiva rechina mufundisi weChirungu ainzi Arseny yakati, anosika ose uroyi. Arseny aiva muverengi, apo vamwe mhosva yake akanga achihwanda nezviremera, asi kunzwa kuti Afanasiy Veliky nekufumura, pamberi poruvazhe kukuvara. Saka vakanga akatsiura nhema vatsigiri vaidavira dzidziso dzaArius.

Asi ivo nhema uyu asina kukwana, uye ivo vakawedzera mumwe, Bribing vamwe rikararama mudzimai, uyo akati kuti St. Athanasius aida kushatirwa pamusoro wake. Athanasius shamwari Timothy, vachiteerera shure mikova ichi chakaipa kupomera, tisingatarisiri kupinda muhoro kutongwa, uye akazviratidza kumukadzi, sokunge Athanasius, nemashoko okuti: ". Mileyshaya mundiregerere zvandakaita newe usiku huno zvechisimba" Lzhesvidetelnitsa hysterically mhere kuti aisazowana kumukanganwira ichi mupasa uye musvibisi wokuchena. The Vatongi akaona wakapata mumwe mutambo, ndokuseka vakavaparadza naye.

The mutsvene mhosva nokuda mambo uye akatumira cheya weArekizandiriya.

Bullying uye kushungurudzwa

Emperor Constantine akaona rose kudzama ruvengo kuti dzaigona kuva hondo yechitendero chaiye, uye ipapo akabvunza St. Athanasius panguva kuenda.

Zvichakadaro, muna 330 dzaArius raitsigirwa neHurumende, Constantine akadana kubva kuutapwa Evseviya Nikomediyskogo, uye ipapo Aria.

Muna 335 Athanasius akashora Tire Cathedral. Akanga zvakare Akapomerwa kubatanidzwa kupondwa mupristi Arseny meletianskogo uye kuutapwa mushori. Asi pashure pokufa Constantine muna 337, akanga adzoka kumusha kwake muutapwa.

Emperor Constantius

Emperor aiva mwanakomana wechipiri Konstantina Konstantsy. The Imperial dare rose akasimuka kuti evaArian, akatanga kutambudza vaKristu Orthodox, mabhishopi ndokudzingwa, akatanga kugara zvigaro evanhu vakaipa. Afanasiy Veliky akatizira kuRoma kwemakore matatu.

In muutapwa, akatanga kuziva St Servatius, uyo akava wepachokwadi mudziviriri vari kukakavadzana vaidavira dzidziso dzaArius manyepo ari muDare Sardica.

Muna 340, akanga akadzingwa zvakare. At Alexandria akadzokera kuna dhipatimendi ane chete 345, pashure pokufa Bishop Gregory. Asi muna 356 iye zvakare mhosva Milan Cathedral, pashure izvo akatizira kweEgypt uye takavanda ipapo kusvikira gore 361 kusvikira kufa Emperor Constantius.

Makore anopfuura 20 Afanasiy Veliky hwakapedzerwa muutapwa, yanyangarika, ipapo kuuya kudzokera kumisha yavo. Kunyange zvazvo zvakasimba namadzibaba monasticism, Saint Anthony, uye Pachomius. Gare gare, ungadai kunyora bhuku nezvazvo.

Athanasius, sezvo bhishopi, vakasaziva kuenzana nokuvapo vakirisito uye vaidavira dzidziso dzaArius nemapazi chiKristu.

mudambudziko

Nokufamba kwenguva, Jehovha achitonga zvose muedzo wake wakanaka: Arius uye vateveri vatsauki vairangwa, asi mambo akaipa akaurayiwa. Pashure chikatsiviwa Julian Mupanduki, waiva mutemo Jovinian wakazvipira naye, mushure Valens, uyo, kunyange zvazvo munzira dzakawanda uye vanorwadziwa Church, asi achitya mutiny, akabvumira Athanasius kudzokera Alexandria cheya uye chinyararire uye murunyararo dzichengete mamwe mazuva avo. Bishop Afanasiy Veliky reposed musi May 2373 aine makore 76.

Sezvo vakawanda makore 46, akanga bhishopi weArekizandiriya, vakatambudzwa uye nekufumura. Asi iye aigara akadzokera kuparidza chokwadi vhangeri pamusoro Kristu Muponesi.

Afanasiy Veliky: zvakasikwa

Musimboti zvouMwari ake ndechokuti Mwari akava munhu kuitira kuti munhu ave Mwari. upenyu hwangu zvose yandaipedzera kudzivirira chokwadi Afanasiy Veliky. "On zimukadzimu veShoko" - basa rake, iro rakava musimboti mashoko chiKristu, pasina kutsanangura eChechi zvose nokutenda muna Kristu.

Bishop Athanasius kutanga akakunda zvakaitika Desert Fathers mubhuku "The Life Antony". Hwokuzvinyima kuita muzivi inongoti. Kuzvinyima iye rinosiyanisa uzivi Afanasiy Veliky. "Commentary on Psalms" raiva kwakajeka dzenhoroondo basa patristic Kutsanangura kuti unobvumira kuverenga magwaro uye nzisisa zvinoreva kwavo kwechokwadi uye kukosha.