Saimensky gwara. Lake Saimaa. Vyborg Bay. rwizi kufamba kwokunakidzwa

Saimaa Canal (Map pazasi kuchabatsira muverengi kunzwisisa varo nzvimbo) - munhu navigable Canal pakati Gulf Vyborg (Russia) uye Lake Saimaa (Finland). Zarura Chivako ichi muna 1856. The Kureba yaiva 57,3 km iyo Russia akabata 34? Km uye Finland - 23.3? Km.

History chokusika

Yokutanga kuedza kubatanidza Gulf Finland uye Lake Saimaa vakanga ashandiswe muna 1500 uye 1511 azvaitwa mubati Vyborg Eric Turesonom Belke. Rinotevera kuedza yakaitwa muna 1600, panguva iyo notches maviri akaitwa, asi kuti zvose pamusoro. Nechekare muushe Catherine Mukuru akapa zano mutsva - kurwizi Vuoksi richibatanidza Lake Saimaa kuna Lake Ladoga, kuti taitarisira akuvaka Canal yokunzvenga Imatra. Zvisinei, kukwirira mari zvaifanira apedza basa iri, zvakakonzera Kurambwa zvokuparadza hurongwa kupinda aurayiwe. Muna 1826 pamusangano Matare guta yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia uye Savolax kwakasarudzwa kutumira duku zvavo kusvika St. Petersburg kuna Kesari kuti iye kuti kubatana of Lake District pamwe mumhenderekedzo yegungwa maguta. Kubvuma uye kuteerera wevatariri, Nicholas I akarayira kuti zvakakodzera kuferefeta. Zvisinei, chaiye pfuma haina kuwanikwa, maererano ichi hamuna atanga achiisa mugero. Nguva inotevera nyaya yakamutswa mubati Vyborg muna August Ramsay muna 1834. Nzira iyi akapa Senator L. F. Hartmann (Musoro Financial rwendo) uye Prince Menshikov. Muguta Vyborg akamisa komiti kuti kufungidzira uye kuronga basa. Nokuti zvidzidzo kwokutanga hatina vanokokwa rinozivikanwa injiniya Swedish. Somugumisiro, basa rake yakaratidza kuti gungwa nemvura pamusoro pegungwa kubudikidza 256 netsoka, uye mari zvivako vachava rubles mamiriyoni matatu. The zvaida mari yave dzinounzwa mu Yakabudiswa makore gumi nemashanu.

Saka, muna 1845 kuvaka kwakatanga. In kwavo basa Swedish injiniya Nils Eriksson akaita zvimwe kuvandudzika munzvimbo mugero urongwa. Pakutanga, musoro kambani kuvakwa yaiva Baron Karl Rosenkampf, aiwanisa kuti zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Baron makwara." Zvisinei, muna 1846 iye akafa, chikatsiviwa Major General Stjernvall. basa rose rokuvaka rakanga kuitwa chefuma Finland. Vose mutengo yaiva mamiriyoni 12.4 Finnish mavanga. The Kureba okuvaka - 54,5 maira, maviri navasere pakashama girenayiti rakadzikwa pamusoro chidimbu ichi.

Takavaka akavaka, uye pakupedzisira akavaka ...

August 26, 1856 yaiva huru yokutanga kuvaka. Zvakanga nenguva kuti kugadza Mambo Alexander II. Finland vaidada Saimaa Canal, izvo zvakabatsira kuti mugwenga nzvimbo munyika. Akapa rinokosha runako pristine runako zvakasikwa. Pamahombekombe mugero chirangaridzo zviratidzo akanyorwa zvakatanga pamusoro Swedish uye Russian mitauro, iyo yakanyorwa zvose vatambi mukusika mamiriro ichi. kuvakwa All kuitwa yepakutanga chaizvo uye neushingi, vakapiwa kuti musiyano iri pamwero kunofambidzana mvura sei ichiyerera mugwara zvikuru nokukurumidza.

Kuvhurwa kwakaitika makore mana akanga adarika pane kurongwa. Chimwe chiri chirongwa ichi chaiva yakaderera mutengo zvakadaro hombe yakawanda basa. Pano, zvinhu zvinotevera zvange: Kutendeseka uye nokushingaira Finnish mamaneja, uyewo pasi mari basa, nekuti paiva kunyanya yaisanganisira vasungwa.

mugero ukoshi

Saimaa Canal akanga zvikuru nokuda kukura nharaunda iyi. Vagari yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia uye Savolax pakupedzisira vasunungurwa chete upfumi kuvimba kure zvengarava kweLake Ladoga uye Gulf Bothnia (kuchamhembe chikamu). Zvakanakira kushandisa kuvaka ichi chingava kunyange zvikuru kana basa racho mamaneja vaigona kubvisa zvoudyire kupindira zvavatengesi vaenzi kuti. Saka, kubva kutya kurasikirwa chindingindingi yavo kutengeserana, ivo zvinoshamisa uye kuburikidza dzimwe nzira kunge nechokwadi kuti vachikwanisa regedhi yave shoma. Somugumisiro, midziyo yose kufamba nenzira iyi inofanira kuva muviri makubhiti asina kupfuura vanomwe mamita. Zvikasadaro, nenhumbi aifanira transshipped muna Vyborg aenderane chete zvinodiwa ngarava. Nenzira iyi, vakawanda mushambadzi yemakambani vanopa anotambura kunze kwenyika. Uye, sezvo zvakaita kuti Saimaa Canal kubva Vyborg akarasikirwa zvikuru kukosha kwayo kuti kukura nharaunda. Zvisinei, gare gare, munguva rokuvakazve ichi chivako, noupamhi regedhi yekudyidzana kwakawedzera.

Lake Saimaa ari pre-echimurenga vatungamiriri Russian

Muna 1870 zvakanzi zvakwakafukurwa mufambi njanji basa pakati St. Petersburg uye Helsinki. Chiitiko ichi chinoitwa riwanikwe nevoruzhinji panzvimbo yakaisvonaka kumaodzanyemba Finland. Railway kutaurirana akapa kufarira zvemidzimu kuti kukura Karelian Isthmus uye rose rakapoteredza. Pane akatanga kubuda namagariro vakavaka plesieroorde nekwevanorwa pfungwa, vakaisa migwagwa tsvina dzaibatanidza misha yakasiyana-siyana uye yakazova. A rakakura muchinangwa kukura itsva mudunhu rino vairidza Saimaa Canal. Zvino, wakati vakasamushumira chete kuti kukura dzaishandiswa ukama. Kufamba kwokunakidzwa vava zvakakurumbira Finland kuna Lake Saimaa uye mapopoma Imatra. Saka, nzvimbo idzi dzakatanga kunaya mumabhuku Russian unorondedzera nemagariro Zvivako yacho. Panguva iyo kwaiva mabhuku zvainanga panguva popularization mashoko pamusoro nharaunda uye nekukurudzira zvinokwezva ayo, uyewo zvinhu chifananidzo itsva. Rakapa anokosha anobatsira kuti kutsanangura Saimaa Canal nemisha yakapoteredza. Vazhinji vavo ane ruzivo pamusoro motokari migwagwa, mabha- pazviteshi, purogiramu ngarava uye zvitima, mashoko pamusoro hotels, uyewo kuhaya apo mabhiza, plesieroorde uye spas, uye zvakawanda. izvi zvose zvinopupurira chokwadi kuti pamberi chimurenga, mashoko pamusoro chinhu sechinhu chinokosha zvinokwezva Finland yave chaizvo kuzivikanwa. Journey kubudikidza Saimaa Canal vachidhakwa kuti Outdoor iyi.

Country upenyu pamusoro Canal

The dzimba vakatanga kuonekwa pano munguva kuvakwa. zvikamu Channel dzaiva pamutemo kushandiswa vakanga akashongedzwa plantings, yakava vakurukurirane nokuda anoreva nhema nyika nokuda rendi kana kuti kuvakwa anamapako. Kuwedzera runako, kutandara mukurumbira munzvimbo pave kukurukurirana kwakanaka kunoitwa injini midziyo vaita rwizi kufamba kwokunakidzwa uye achipfuura pamusoro gang ichi. Uye nokukurumidza vaigara vakapfuma Vyborg uye St. Petersburg, akavaka nemupata chiteshi Nuyamaa nyanza. In Ryattiyarvi chainyanya kwoumbozha Villa kungova Russian Gurukota Foreign Von Giersu. It yakavakwa nomumwe mainjiniya ariita pakuvaka mugero. Cottage Most akamira pamusoro mapurani kwavo, ivo vaishongedzwa shongwe, balconies, mifananidzo, vakanga vakakomberedzwa manicured frenchwoman zvakawanda mapindu pamwe gazebos uye piers. Mazita dzimba kudanana, uyewo zvokunze chiso chavo, "Runolinna", "Rauhantaranta", "Onnela", "Iloranta" ... Kudiwa zvivako munzvimbo iyi yaiva yakakwirira kuti zvava nani kuvaka kuti kurenda. Saimaa Canal kuti nguva yava dzimba mukurumbira, asi matunhu makuru kwete chete. The kupfuura ihwai ndiro zita Lavola, izvozvo zvaiva genus Cheseff uye yaiva mumuromo chinhu. Manor vane dzimba vanoumba mavara chaizvo Ensemble, mhepo pano aiva mafaro, dzakawanda. River kufamba kwokunakidzwa, Concerts, kushanyira uye anofamba enlivened upenyu paruzhinji, rinopa pazororo yakawanda nemaonero uye zvakaoma mikana vemo. Zvisinei, pashure pokuchinja venyika upenyu vakapinda vashoma, uye nawo Saimaa Canal. Tours pamusoro haichawaniki anofarira Russian muBohemia.

antitank ematongerwo

Kurangarira General Staff reFinnish muchiuto muna thirties okupedzisira remakore, muviri uyu mvura aionekwa somunhu ane nzira okuronga nerubatsiro kuhondo. Maererano nepurani aitarisira uto chiito ukaomerera Karelian Isthmus. Naizvozvo, muna 1939, yakanga kuzivikanwa kuti gwara angasava ari Inorwiwa panguva imwe okukurumidzira basa. Yakanga isiri chipingamupinyi kuburikidza nehope gwara. saka zvakanga vakasarudza kurishandisa munzira Anti-kuzvidzivirira. Zvakaguma raiva nemafashamo huru nzvimbo munzvimbo ine makungwa Kyarstila Lyukyulya ventel. The zvachose nzvimbo dzine zvikazara aiva matatu nemashanu mativi makiromita. Munguva 1941-1944 kushandiswa mune ruvengo havana kubatanidzwa.

kudzorera wekushandisa

Nokuti kuti rugare chibvumirano hwakagadzwa pakati Soviet Union uye Finland, akasiya Vyborg Bay munharaunda yacho USSR, uye inowanikwa pakati kupa muzvikamu zviviri, iye pakupedzisira vakarega basa. Mugore yepashure pehondo nokuda resumption pamusoro wekushandisa zvaida kwete chete kuti tiite vavakezve zvivako uye chakasakara midziyo, asiwo kusvika bilateral chibvumirano pamusoro pokushandiswa mvura iyi muviri. Kokutanga nyaya ino akarerwa 1948, asi yepamutemo neIntergovernmental Nhaurirano vakatanga chete muna 1954. Pasi chibvumirano Soviet Union akasiya boka Finnish mainjiniya kudzidza mamiriro gang. Nyanzvi vakagumisa kuti rwizi migero iri ndima Soviet rakanyatsojeka akakodzera kudzorerwa wekushandisa pamusoro pavo. Zvisinei, basa munharaunda iyi vakatanga pashure pemakore gumi nematatu pashure mativi maviri yakazotsviriridza rakapa chisarudzo ari Rental nyaya. Muna 1968, kuti gadziridzo rakapera. Nokufamba kwayo rakatsaurirwa zvikuru bandwidth nezvaanogona ose zvechizarira makamuri.

Cruise - The Saimaa Canal

Lappeenranta - Spa mutaundi Finland. The kukwezva kwayo kunopiwa Diet nyanza, pamahombekombe yaari, uye Saimaa Canal. Karwendo nechikepe kune miviri iyi mvura - chete kunokwezva vashanyi vanobva Russia. Sezvineiwo, ichi ndicho chete ari Russian kure negungwa gang kuburikidza iyo zvikepe vanogona kuenda makambani dzavatorwa. Passenger zvikepe vaiita pamusoro rwizi kufamba kwokunakidzwa, akatakura vashanyi kubva Russian Federation uye Finland. Kare, maererano chibvumirano 1963, vanhu zvaibva Finland kunyika yedu, vane kodzero vhiza-akasununguka kupinda. Zvisinei, pamwe accession of Republic kuna Schengen Agreement, Agreement ichi chave akadzima. Zvino, vakatakurwa vanosungirwa kuwana mavhiza. Zvisinei, vari kudiwa chete nyaya kana chikepe chaiva panyika Russia Somuenzaniso, Vakasimwa dzavo achienda Vyborg. Kana rwendo chikepe kubva Finland hadzirishandisi kushanyira zvengarava Russian, hapana vhiza kunodiwa. Somuenzaniso, mashoko steamer "Christina Brahe" achapfuura nomunharaunda wenyika yedu, zvichiita Flights pakati Lappeenranta uye Helsinki, uye ngarava "yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia" - pakati Vyborg uye Lappeenranta.

Travel kuburikidza meso nzvimbo

Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti makore akawanda kuchapedza sezvinoita rwendo ndege. Handiti Finns, angade kuona rainzwika Saimaa Canal, kwete zvakawanda, uye vaenzi vedu kunyange zvishoma. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti munhu-nzira tikiti anenge makumi matatu Euro. Rwendo zviripo mari.

Route kureba makiromita makumi mana nematatu, asi ivo pamusana pakashama masere. Kana ngarava Saimaa Canal chinokunda wokutanga vavo - zviri kunakidza. Zvisinei, pazuva rechitatu suo anotanga kukura nokushatiriswa uye havagoni kumirira worusere, kana atova pamusoro, asi achiri dzinonakidza. Kana chikepe kunosvika kumuganhu romukova Nuiyamaa anotanga vachiongorora magwaro. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti this post unobatanidzwa - Automobile uye mvura. Kana ukaona mungarava iri boka Finnish vashanyi, takagadzirira kuti kazhinji vanorarama sezvinoita vakawanda vokuRussia: kutanga kunwa zvinwiwa simba chikepe pamberi anosiya berth. vashanyi vakawanda zvikuru kutenga tikiti kuti rwendo, achitsanangura kuti mungarava pane chitoro "basa-akasununguka". Kana tikafunga kuti muFinland pamwe doro napryazhenka, maitiro akadaro chaizvo zvinonzwisisika. Panguva vakawanda kunwa vatungamiriri pasina kuedza vaswedere ruzhinji kuteerera nyaya yaNire, nekiyi nezvimwe zvinokwezva. Uye pane imwe, chii kuona - gwara akanaka chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, pedyo Vyborg ake muchinjikwa panzvimbo yakakwirira mabhiriji - njanji uye mugwagwa. All Hurongwa wekushandisa yakavakwa pamusoro pembiru girenayiti uye vakafumura pazvitsuwa. Part of mugero rakacherwa padombo guru, mumwe chikamu ane zvinyoronyoro raiiswa jecha mahombekombe pamwe boulders. Pamwe chiteshi inokura makobvu kudondo, akabatana pamatombo siyana akanaka chaizvo nzvimbo. The Russian chikamu vagara zvachose, pedo Vyborg achiri kuuya mhiri vakasurukirwa zvirindo, uye zvino renje. The chete nzvimbo yainakidza - pamuuyo munharaunda apo kutevera inopfuura panguva Lappeenranta. Zvakasiyana mufananidzo uri Finnish chikamu: pano misha vanowanikwa pakarepo mushure panzvimbo. Munzvimbo Lappeenranta, asati asvika wokupedzisira kepagedhi, ndicho chikuru chengarava riri gang ichi - Saimaa inouraya. Pane rinoitwa vachizvitakudza / vachidzikisa kuti nhumbi ngarava. Mitoro vari kunyanya kubva Russian divi - kusvika mamiriyoni maviri matani pagore.

nyanza Saimaa

Kana chikepe chinokunda wokupedzisira kepagedhi, rikawira iri Saimaa mudziva. Chokutanga iwe une maonero - iri guru chaizvo pulp nebepa chigayo. Titungamirei muchizvikudza rinotiudza kuti pane vanopfuura zviuru zviviri nehafu vanhu. Ndicho "chishamiso" yebudiriro zvakapambwa pfungwa kubva revashanyi, kutadza Lappeenranta kuwana zvizere nzvimbo mamiriro. Handiti, kambani, kunyange kana vakapakata ano kurapwa zvivako, kuchiri tani tsvina nenzvimbo dzokurasira mudziva mvura, izvo zvinoita kukodzera kuti kushambira mukati nharaunda anoverengeka dhazeni makiromita. Uye chii chinonyanya kunakidza ari mabhurocha nzvimbo chaanotaura pamusoro pamberi chirimwa pano. Asi handizvo zvose: pamberi chirimwa ndiwo confectionery fekitari, izvo kunoitawo nokurasa mugungwa, hazvishamisi zviri munzvimbo yacho zvebhizimisi chakafukidzwa zvizere uswa. Uye pano, oddly zvakakwana, chikuru vashanyire yakaoma iri - "Huhtiniemi" - uye kuhotera yezhizha "yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia-Park". Pedyo "fenzi" ane zvihwitsi fekitari aikosha rimwezve dzakaoma - "Saimaa". Chokwadi, iye anotarira zvimwe mikukutu, matongo, sezvinoita haawanzotauri chengeta yerera mumaguta maduku Soviet-yaitonga Hotels. Panewo pamhenderekedzo uye, chokwadi, kuti vawane kumvura, vachafanira kukunda manyoro mumatenhere kana edza kupfuudza chaiwo zambuko, izvo, panzira, akapwanya yayo pakati chikamu, asi pashure achibatsira kuti yokuzorora mumwe akaisa bhodhi. Heunoi yokuzororera!

Lappeenranta

The chikuru uchikwezvwa ndiye Lappeenranta Memorial Cemetery, riri pakati peguta. Pano unogona kuona makuva varwi zvawira panguva iyi 1939-1940 uye 1941-1944 makore. Uye kuti unofadza zvikuru, zvose munhu kuvigwa, hapana hanzvadzi. By kumakuva yakabatana shongwe varwi, kunoda kuti nharaunda Karelian Isthmus (zvino munharaunda Russian Federation). Inoitwa zvikamu zviviri - chivezwa uye Slabs mazita nemisha uye mazita varwi, nenzira, pakati pavo panewo Russian. Kunyanya yakawanda pakati zvemo Terijoki (Zelenogorsk). Chaizvoizvo, hapasisina mhindu. Guta rine ano Kutarira, zvakangonaka akaramba uye nguva dzose ichivakwa. Hapana kuita. Usiku, kuti Lappeenranta kurara, vose muzvitoro dzakavharika, unogona chete kuwana kiosks vachitengesa hamburgers nezvimwe yokufamba zvakafanana. Pano, kunyange pakuvaka chechitima yapera kusvikira nomwe mangwanani. Vachidzungaira mumigwagwa usiku chiro, zvinova pachena nei Finns se "uchatumbura" munyika yedu.

Imatra

guta rino zvakasiyana Lappeenranta, nhoroondo dzaro rakapfupika zvikuru. It rakaumbwa muna 1948 uye riri pedyo nomuganhu Russia kuti akabatwa anopfuyiwa cellular network. Imatra riri panobva River Vuoksi. The chikuru zvebhizimisi guta - metallurgia chirimwa uye Hydroelectric simba. Zvisinei, kusiyana Lappeenranta pamhenderekedzo kwegungwa hapana zvivako maindasitiri. Pane kuti Monument mbiri mhando - akazvitsaurira rokutanga kusvika turbine, uye wechipiri - hutachiwana shongwe. The chikuru mushanyi kukwezvwa hazvizivi Mangondo Imatrakoski. Asati pakuvaka hydropower miti yakanga zvakasikwa, ari pre-echimurenga nguva Russian bohemian rudo kuuya pano uye kunakidzwa mapopoma. Zvino mvura iri kupinda pano purogiramu, dzinza ichi ndicho chikuru "vashanyire kukwezvwa" Imatra. Pfungwa yechipiri kufarira - munhu Corona Park, riri pachitsuwa kuti Anopatsanura yekare mubhedha of Vuoksi uye dura. Based paka Mambo Nicholas I, izvo akarayira kuti Mangondo nemakapoteredza kumbochinja. Imatra guta nokuti vashanyi zvakawanda anokwezva kupfuura Lappeenranta, pane hotera zvikuru ano, kuzvivaraidza uye mudzidzi hove kupiwa zvinoshamisa mukana kupedza asingakanganwiki nguva pamhenderekedzo Lake Saimaa.

Saimaa Canal: Fishing

Kuredza Hove nyanza rakaisvonaka gore rose. Huru hove dzemarudzi - Pike, knot, yakapoteredzwa Sarimoni, mashava Rainbow. Veko hove dziri vasingadi, pasinei nokuti roaches vari kunova vachisvetuka pamhenderekedzo pachayo, kuti Finns nokuda kwechikonzero hazvina kushandiswa chikafu. Zvokukutapukira kunyanya vashanyi kubva Russia. In chava kunopera trolling yakanakisisa Sarimoni uye Rainbow vari kuruma. All gore kumativi Pike kubatwa. Uyezve, pane zvakawanda burbot, kakawanda mubati trolling nokudzikama. Nokuda guru kukura dura kuziva apo zvakavanzika hove, kwete nyore. Zvisinei, mumwe mubati wehove unyanzvi acharamba kudzokera Saimaa pamwe hove dzakanaka. Hunhu pano akachena uye zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinobatsira kuti pacification, ndiyo inoita kuti pakufungisisa uye kufungisisa. Wonderful zororo zvichagoverwa kwauri!