Rwendo kuna Mars. The rwendo chokutanga Mars

Space hwagara anokwezvwa vanhu, vanhu vakatsvaka vakunde nyeredzi misoro uye kuziva kuti anovanza yokudenga rakadzikadzika. Vaiva vokutanga matanho pamusoro mwedzi, uyo akazivisa mberi kukuru kwenyika. nyika imwe neimwe kunoita kuti munhu ainyanya kukosha zvakawanikwa izvo hazvo zapechalitsya munhau. Zvisinei, zvakadini kubudirira kwesayenzi uye ano hwokugadzira midziyo haabvumiri kukunda kure uye asinganzwisisiki zvomuchadenga muviri. How kakawanda dzidziso inoitwa pakundopambara kuna Mars, iro Implementation izvo zviri kudzidzira yava chakaoma chaizvo chinhu. Asi masayendisiti anodavira kuti ari gumi anotevera murume akaisa rutsoka pamusoro dzvuku nyika. Uye ndiani anoziva zvishamiso zvakamirira isu ikoko. Tariro kuvapo omuchadenga anomutsa pfungwa dzakawanda.

Aigarira basa kuna Mars rimwe zuva uchatorera nzvimbo. Uye nhasi kunyange kuziva anofungidzirwa misi wakasiyiwa nemasayendisiti.

ndege Perspective

Nhasi, pakundopambara kuna Mars, yakarongwa 2017, asi zviri isingazivikanwi, zvinonzi akaziva kana kwete. musi uyu nokuti panguva ino muchadenga paNyika achava pedyo muchadenga pamusoro Mars. Flight achatora makore maviri kana kunyange maviri nehafu. The chikepe achava guru vanenge 500 matani, ichi ndicho mari yaidikanwa kuti cosmonauts vanonzwa vakasununguka pane kushoma.

The chikuru creators chepurogiramu "Basa kuna Mars" ndiye United States uye Russia. Ndizvo masimba aya vakaita zvinokosha matongo mune nzvimbo kukunda. Kukura pfungwa chinosanganisira mabasa kusvikira 2040.

mapato All vanofarira vangada kutumira muchadenga kunoongorora rokutanga kuti nyika kure muna 2017, asi chaizvoizvo urongwa izvi zvakaoma dzika. Zvakaoma chaizvo kuti pave chete huru ndege, saka akasarudza kushanda zvivako. Vachanunurwa boosters zvikamu muchadenga panyika. Kana ichi rinowanikwa kusika munhu zvakazara zvoga chichiitwa, kurerutsa mutengo simba muchadenga kunoongorora. Saka zvishoma nezvishoma kusika zvakafanira kwezvivako muchadenga.

Kwerinenge mekushanda vakaronga aigarira basa. "Mars" - Lost Station USSR muna 1988, iyo wokutanga akapiwa pasi mapikicha tsvuku ivhu nomumativi mumwe nyika yacho kwemwedzi. Sezvo nyika dzakasiyana vakatanga interplanetary chiteshi kudzidza Mars.

Nezvinetso Mars rwendo

The rwendo kuna Mars achatora refu. To musi, vanhu ane ruzivo refu ari muchadenga. Valery Polyakov - chiremba, uyo akapedza gore iri muchadenga Pasi nemwedzi mitanhatu. With kurudyi Masvomhu nguva ino zvinogona zvakakwana kusvika Mars. Angangove chaizvo kuti zvaigona kumuka zvakare munenge mwedzi mitanhatu. Dambudziko guru, uye kuti pakarepo pashure achiwana parutivi yepasi muchadenga kunoongorora vanofanira kutanga kudziongorora. Havazonyadziswi kukwanisa kuchinja uye kujaira.

The zvemupiro kutiza zvakaoma

Nokuti kutizira Mars kunoda munhu ano zvachose itsva. Zvakakosha kuchengeta zvinoverengeka zvinokosha ezvinhu. Chete nenzira iyi Kunowanzurudza rinofanira kuti rwendo rokutanga Mars vachange abudirira. Zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinofanira kufungwa kana kuva chirongwa kukunda Martian nzvimbo. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha - mutsigiri upenyu rakarira. Zvichava chinozoiswa muna chiitiko kuti kana ukaronga utsinye kutenderera. Kuti muchadenga zvinokosha mvura reserves uye zvokudya akashanda nokutsigirwa ngarava inokosha. Kana vanhu Mars chitundumusere-musere chete vanofanira kuvimba nesimba pachake. Masayendisiti zvinopa nzira kuti patsva nemvura okisijeni kugadzirwa Via electrolysis nzira.

Chimwe chinokosha ndechokuti nemwaranzi. Izvi idambudziko rakakura munhu. Zvidzidzo Various vanokwanisa kupa mhinduro dzemibvunzo chokuita pokudzora remagetsi simba ari seboka. Impact ichi chinowanzoitika kutungamirira tsanga, muupenyu majini masikirwo masero uye kukurumidza kukura nemasero kenza. zvinodhaka dzakabudirira anogona kudzivirira kwete zvachose vanhu kubva zvinokonzerwa nemwaranzi. Saka, unofanira kufunga nokuumba mhando rokupotera.

weightlessness

Weightlessness - zvakare rinokosha nyaya. Kusavapo regiravhiti kunotungamirira nokuchinja mumuviri. Kwakandiomera kukurira zviripo kuti tibvunze kuti kururama maonero kure. It kunoitika uye dzakakomba kuchinja kwemakemikari omuviri, hwakazara nemigumisiro. Chimwe chinetso ndechokuti pane kurasikirwa simba calcium. Unokanganisa pasi pfupa rinenge uye chinokurwadzai tsandanyama atrophy. Vanachiremba vane hanya zvikuru zvose izvi vanoshorwa zvinokonzerwa weightlessness. Kazhinji, pashure kudzoka kuna Earth nzvimbo rakarira chikwata ari kushingaira nokudzosa kwezvinoshandiswa mumatanda zvicherwa pamuviri. Ndokusiya kwerinenge gore uye kunyange zvakawanda. Kuderedza kukanganiswa migumisiro kushaya regiravhiti yakatanga chaiyo korotkoradiusnye centrifuge. Kushanda navo vari kuitwa nhasi semusayendisiti zvakaoma kusarudza vangani centrifuge yakadaro inofanira kushanda kuti kusika akanaka ezvinhu kuti muchadenga kunoongorora.

Zvose izvi kwakaoma, kwete chete kubva musayenzi uye hwokugadzira nemaonero, asiwo mari ndiwo kusimba anodhura.

matambudziko dzokurapa

Medicine kunoda vainyatsotarisirwa. Tinofanira kuumba zvinhu kuitira kuti, kana zvakafanira, nenguva kunorwa kusvikira Mars aigona kutakura kubuda nyore kuvhiya oparesheni. Pane matunhu mukana kuti dzvuku nyika anogara risingazivikanwi utachiona kana microbe kuti anogona kuparadza yose vashandi panyaya maawa. On bhodhi anofanira kuvapo zvokurapa unyanzvi akawanda. Zvakanyanya varapi, vanachiremba uye vanachiremba vanovhiya. Unofanira nguva nenguva kutora Analyses taita, kuongorora mamiriro yose muviri. Pfungwa iyi inofanira kuva mungarava anodiwa zvokurapa michina.

Kukundikana kunzwa zuva kutungamirira kuti muviri kukodzera uye panowanikwa hope. Zvichava zvakafanira kuti maximize kuzvidzora uye kubvisa negashiro gadziriro chaidzo. Basa chichaitwa zuva nezuva rimwe zvakaoma chaizvo uye hwakanyanya muitiro ezvinhu. Imhute simba vaizongoguma kutungamirira zvikanganiso zvakakomba.

mupfungwa kunokonzerwa

Psychological mutoro yose vashandi achava zvikuru. Rinofanira kuti muchadenga kunoongorora aériennes Mars zvingava wokupedzisira rwendo, vaizongoguma kutungamirira kuti chidzoke asatya, mwoyo, kusava netariro uye kuora mwoyo. Uye kwete kuti ndicho zvose. Under zvakaipa mupfungwa kumanikidzwa panguva pakundopambara kuna Mars, vanhu vaizongoguma kuuya apesane ezvinhu anogona kukonzera irreparable nemigumisiro. Saka, kusarudza pakati shuttles nguva dzose ari chaizvo, nokungwarira zvikuru. Future muchadenga kunoongorora vanosangana yakawanda mupfungwa miedzo kuziva kwavo uye zvaasingagoni. Zvakakosha kusika fungidziro kwechikepe pamusoro yaizivikanwa nyika. Somuenzaniso, funga kuchinja kwegore, kuvapo zvinomera uye kunyange kutevedzera manzwi shiri. Izvi zvichaita aivabatsira mutsigiro pamusoro womutorwa nyika uye kuderedza kuti zvinhu zvinoshungurudza.

kusarudza vashandi

Mubvunzo nhamba imwe: "Ndiani kuchabhururuka kuti nyika kure?" The nzvimbo munharaunda nenjere anonzwisisa kuti jerk uyu kubudisa vashandi kuti dzokugara dzakawanda. Haukwanisi kuisa ose basa rimwe nyika. Kuti kukundikana kunorwa kusvikira Mars, zvinokosha kufunga pamusoro ose hwokugadzira uye mupfungwa iyoyo. The vashandi inofanira kusanganisira vanachiremba chaiwo munzvimbo dzakawanda, iyo ichapa rubatsiro zvakakodzera yenjodzi ezvinhu uye anogona kuchinja zviri nyore kune zvitsva zvinokukanganisa.

Mars - ndiwo hope muchadenga kunoongorora zhinji. Asi haasi munhu wose anoda kuva mumiriri yokutizira ichi. Nekuti rwendo urwu ngozi chaizvo, hwakazara yakawanda zvakavanzika, uye zvingava wokupedzisira. Kunyange wakaipa uye mweya vakashinga vanoda kuti mazita avo vaiva ndandanda chirongwa vechikamu ndaviga "rwendo kuna Mars." Vazvipiri vakatowana rikashandiswa. Havaregi kunyange kwakakwidibira Zvaifungidzirwa. Masayendisiti vanonyevera pachena kuti muchadenga kunoongorora nayo - sezvingabvira - rokupedzisira rwendo. Mars yazvino anogona kununura chitundumusere-musere, asi kuti richava zvinobvira kutange puraneti - harizivikanwi.

kuti murume

Nyanzvi vose zvakafanana mune pfungwa kuti vakadzi vanofanira kubviswa wokutanga rwendo. In nyasha ichi vakadaro nharo:

• hadzi muviri hauna zvakanaka kunzwisiswa munharaunda muchadenga, haisi kuzivikanwa riniko mune ezvinhu enyika weightlessness vazvibate wayo kunzwisisa hormone hurongwa,
• Mudzimai panyama zvishoma akaomarara pane munhu,
• vakawanda miedzo uye kuongorora kwesayenzi zvinoratidza kuti zvepfungwa wevakadzi uri muropa zvishoma unoenderana ezvinhu akaipisisa, vanonyatsokurukura vangangoora mwoyo nekanodarika vachingotya netariro.

Ndozvinetserei zvangu nendege kune nyika?

masayendisiti All nenzwi rimwe kududzira kuti nyika ndiwo chaizvo yakafanana Earth wedu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kamwe kukonzerwa pamusoro wayo pechiso akadai rwizi uye kukura zvinomera nemiti. Kuti varatidze zvikonzero upenyu pamusoro Mars kuputswa, zvinokosha kuita tsvakurudzo mabasa. Izvi kudzidza kunzwisisa ivhu uye mhepo. Ramakororo kazhinji ivhu akatorwa uye mashoko exhaustively kudzidza. Zvisinei, mashoko acho kwazvo duku, nokuti zvakanga zvisingabviri kuti zvizere. Zvakanga chete yakasimbiswa kuti musi Mars, pasi zvimwe zvinhu kurarama.

Zvinonzi vakatenda, kana paine mukana kuronga nyuchi pamusoro Mars, zvakakodzera kushandisa. Rarama urongwa yedu dzinogona nengozi. Somuenzaniso, apo kupinda mumhepo ane meteorite hombe Earth achapedzisa kuparadza zvose upenyu. Asi kukura munhu Martian nzvimbo anogona kutarisira ruponeso rwevanhu.

In ezvinhu ano overpopulation yepasi Mars ubanguranyika kuchabatsira kukunda wevanotungamirira dambudziko.

Vazhinji enyika vatungamiriri kushamisika chii pozi ari subsoil of Red Planet. Pashure pezvose, zviwanikwa kupera, uye naizvozvo, mabhuku matsva kuti kubatsira chaizvo.

Kudzidza nyeredzi dziri mberi kubva Earth, asi ari pedyo Mars, chido kutarisa zvikuru munzvimbo chakavanzika pakadzika nzvimbo - mumwe zvikonzero chido kukunda Red Planet.

The Mars-izwi rinogona kushandiswa senzvimbo Yokuedzera kuti kuedza (somuenzaniso, zvenyukireya Kuputika), izvo ngozi kwazvo Earth.

Kufanana uye kusiyana pakati mapuraneti ebhuruu uye tsvuku,

Mars akafanana zvikuru Earth. Somuenzaniso, ayo zuva rose kwemaminitsi 40 kunopfuura nyika. Mars uyewo kuchinja nemwaka, hakuna akafanana yedu mhepo, iyo inodzivirira nyika kubva yepasi pose uye zuva nemwaranzi. NASA ongororo kwakaratidza kuti pane mvura kuMars. Martian ivhu pamusoro parameters kwakafanana Earth. On Mars, pane nzvimbo, nzvimbo uye zviwanikwa ezvinhu akafanana panyika.

Sezvingatarisirwa, kusiyana mapuraneti ndiwo yakakura uye ivo zvikuru zvikuru. Brief mhiripiri kusiyana - 2 nguva shoma pane simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, pasi mhepo tembiricha, kushaya zuva simba, pasi mumhepo kumanikidza uye simba remagineti, mukuru wevakuru nemwaranzi - uchapupu kuti zvaizivikanwa earthlings upenyu musi Mars haisati zvinobvira.