"Russobalt" motokari: nhoroondo zvizivikanwe uye womuenzaniso nhamba. Cars "Russo-Balt": nokurondedzerwa, akaongororazve varidzi

Uye munoziva kuti aiva motokari yokutanga Russian? Vakawanda havazivi kunyange. Nhasi tiri kutarisa motokari muchiso "Russobalt", iro rinogona kunzi piyona yeRussian motokari indasitiri kwechokwadi.

prehistory

The motokari yokutanga ine injini akasvika munharaunda Russian Empire iri kure 1891. Yaiva motokari yacho zvakasimba French "Panhard Levassor." It vaiva mupepeti "Odessa Gazette" Vasiliyu Navrotskomu.

In St. Petersburg, motokari yokutanga akazviratidza muna 1895, uye muna Moscow - muna 1899.

Wokutanga inogadzirwa motokari yakavakwa muna Russian Empire, aiva muenzaniso Frese uye Yakovlev akapa kuruzhinji muna 1896. Asi motokari iyi hazvikonzerwi kufarira nehurumende yeChina.

Engine uye kutapukirwa vakasikwa fekitari Yakovlev, mumwe chassis uye mavhiri akaita panguva fekitari Frese. Vose externally uye zvinovaka muenzaniso rakanga rakafanana Benz motokari. Kunyange zvakadaro, tarisiro nokuti michina vaiva. Panguva iyi haisi kuzivikanwa kuti zvingani motokari idzi dzakabudiswa, asi nyaya yaiva pfupi chaizvo. Izvi imhaka yokuti muna 1898, Evgeny Yakovlev akafa. Chokutanga, nemumwe wake Peter Frese akatenga Motors kunze, asi akasarudza kuti kutengesa ayo simba Russian-Baltic chairo motokari yakazara fekitari. At ichi zvebhizimisi haana motokari chete, asiwo mumaruwa unyanzvi, uyewo mundege reparafini injini. Chirimwa raiva guru kwazvo uye vakanga mahofisi aro mumaguta akasiyana: Riga, Tver, St. Petersburg uye gare gare muMoscow uye Taganrog.

Yokutanga Modèles

Car fekitari dhipatimendi kuumbwa kuti 1908 Riga. Uye kunyange motokari yokutanga "Russobalt" yakabuda May gore rinouya. Motokari akasikwa risingazivikanwi kumumvuri kuti dzakafara yeChina yeBelgian muenzaniso "kuti Fund". In nokuumba Russian shanduro yakanga zveBelgium wakachenjera Zhalen Potter. Nyanzvi Domestic, kureva Ivan Fryazinovsky uye Dmitry Bondarev akagadzirawo mupiro zvikuru kuti kukura motokari. basa kwakarongeka pamusoro veTroika pakati vagadziri kwakaita kuti pakabudiswa munhevedzano michina. Chaiva mota - B-12, C-24 uye E-15 - uye mitoro - T-40, M-24, D-24 - motokari. The inonyanya kufarirwa womuenzaniso awana C-24. Ndizvozvo chakaita kuti 55% of nyaya.

Car "Russo-Balt": Recognition

The mhando akasunungura ngoro fekitari, simba zvakasiyana uye rakavimbika. Vakaita chikamu siyana dzakawanda makwikwi: dziite uye Kutsungirira. In Monte Carlo uye San Sebastian akanga pakati zvakanakisisa. Achitaura pamusoro rakavimbika michina, nguva dzose akarangarira somunhu kopi C-24, 1910, nyaya akakwanisa kutyaira 80,000 makiromita pasina zvakakomba kukuvara. Panguva iyoyo yaiva zvisingatendeseki budiriro uye yose motokari indasitiri muchiso "Russobalt".

The motokari yakanga pana kumusoro yakati sandara - The Imperial garaji muna 1913, mutakurwi motokari mbiri RBVZ bummed. Yokutanga wavo akaita ruzha muenzaniso C-24, uye wechipiri - K-12. 64% of chirimwa wacho zvigadzirwa vakanga vawana neuto Russian. Michina akanga kudiwa zvikurukuru pakati mudonzvo vakuru uye n'anga. Nenzira, vaiva muenzaniso vari chassis ayo iiswe warrior muviri.

kugadzirwa Features

Car "Russo-Balt", pikicha iyo kumutsa pfungwa yokudada, aiva nyore, asi zvakasimba chaizvo kuvakwa. Basic mashoko, yakadai seiyi: crankcase, sepombi, hutachiwana, akadurura pamusoro aruminiyamu. Rotating zvikamu: giya mavhiri uye rachulis - vakaiswa pasi bhora mabheyaringi. Kudzingwa humburumbira chikwata pamwe gimmick uye akanga chete kushandiswa mhando C-24 uye K-12 - Flagship mienzaniso "Russobalt".

The motokari yakanga kubudiswa akawanda. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti zvinhu zviri mumotokari mumwe webato vaiva zvachose kuchinjaniswa. Uye pakati mapato chete womuenzaniso aigona kuva Misiyano: uwandu transmissions, injini simba, kuti wheelbase, magadzirirwe munhu zvikamu. Geometrical parameters akayera zvikamu arşive hurongwa. Zvinenge zvose motokari dzakaitwa zvakananga mungoro fekitari. Kurutivi aifanira kutenga bhora mabheyaringi, mafuta kufurirwa gauges uye vanoneta.

Cartwright madhipatimendi vose muSt Petersburg uye Riga. Mumwe nomumwe wavo yakabereka mamwe zvivezwa miviri. Muviri "Russo-Balt" aiva yakawanda okunatsiridza: kuvharwa limousines, akazaruka ngoro, akakurumbira pakati vokuEurope landau, fodya serin'i torpedoes nevamwe. Panguva pashoo muna 1910, rakaitirwa muSt Petersburg, chairo motokari yakazara fekitari achangodzoka akasuma zvivezwa shanu. Kwapera gore, paitova matanhatu.

Nyika neSoviet, sezviri pachena, motokari havana kuda. Naizvozvo, kusunungurwa kwavo zvishoma yakaderera, uye muna 1926 zvachose akamira. Uye fekitari goho zvawo vave chakagadziridzwa kutavirira indasitiri.

Ngationgororei muudzame chii zvinorevei nekanzuru kambani, "Russo-Balt" motokari. Magadzirirwo kutibatsira ichi.

"Russo-Balt" K-12

Cars K-12/20 akatevedzana ari V, rakabudiswa muna 1911, aiva kunonyanyisa goho 20 horsepower, riri zvinoratidzwa rokuremekedza. Muna 1913 sokuti rinotevera akatevedzana - XI, simba rayo rakanga kare 24 litres. a. The muchina unonzi ukuwo - K-12/24. Pakati zviri muenzaniso uyu:

- sepombi vakakanda nevakawanda chikwata;

- munhu mumwe chete angoramba achitaura urongwa mavharuvhu;

- thermosiphon kutonhora hurongwa.

Kutapukirwa akagadzawo yoga kubva muinjini, uye torque chakasvitswa necheshure mavhiri vachishandisa mumwe hwindimiri mugodhi. Motokari yairema anenge 1200 makirogiramu, saka zveshure matsime akanga ¾-elliptical pachinzvimbo semielliptical. Early dzakatevedzana wheelbase ndiyo 2655 neMM, uye mukupera - 2855 mm.

Model K-12 vanowanzobatwa yakatengwa kushandisa, nokuti iyoyo ndiyo yakanga yakachipa pakati motokari tikaisa chirimwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, vanhu vakapfuma kazhinji vakasarudza naye. Unogona kungotaura mishomanana kunoshamisa vanhu pakati varidzi K-12 mumuviri landole: Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, Prince Borisa Golitsyna Count Sergei Witte, industrialist Eduarda Nobelya,.

Vose, chirimwa yakabereka 141 motokari kopi K-12. Vakanga anounzwa shanu dzinotevedzana. The zvechadenga V-Series 1911:

- injini - mu-mutsetse, 4-humburumbira, 2.2 fő, aine bottom-vharafu;

- vanokwanisa - 12 zvapano pa 1500 RPM;

- PPC - zvemaziso, muzvikamu zvitatu;

- furemu - a spar;

- mabhureki - Drum undovakira;

- kuturika - chitubu, zvaanoda;

- kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza - 50 km / h;

- muviri - akazaruka, 4-seater.

"Rousseau-Balt" C-24

Chinonyanya kudhura mutakurwi motokari womuenzaniso raiva RBVZ C-24, izvo zvakagadzirwa kusvikira 1918. Vehicles vane 6 chokuyananisa muviri aishandiswa zvikuru mudonzvo vakuru vehondo wokuRussia. On kwayo kumhara giya wakaiswa uye mumwe muviri: Mujaho kaviri, umbozha limousines uye landole. Pakanga kunyange hafu-njanji shanduro chando - nechireyi-motokari. The chikuru chinoratidza motokari iyi - injini. Its chakakandirwa sepombi mu zvingaenzana nemidhadhadha miviri, uye mavharuvhu (rezasi) vakaronga kumativi maviri humburumbira. Mvura yakanga rinoparadzirwa kuburikidza kutonhora ezvinhu achishandisa Centrifugal pombi. Shure pakati zvitubu, riri mafuta tangi, umo huni zvokudya kuti injini mupanda parutivi chiutsi gasi kufurirwa. Pahesera pamusoro cobblestones uye lähikuva yakanga vasununguka, rwemberi kuturika kwaisanganisira matatu interconnected Semi-elliptical rinopeperetswa matsime maviri longitudinal uye mumwe transverse. Zvichienderana mhando uremu motokari muviri kwakanga 1540-1950 makirogiramu.

The muenzaniso anouya Zvikamu pfumbamwe, rimwe nerimwe raiva nani pane wokupedzisira. Muna 1912, kuti fekitari vakasiya carburetor ake, uye akatanga iiswe pamusoro C-24 carburetor French "pamusoro-soro." Izvi, pamwe chete nokuchinja Profile of Cam humburumbira, akabvumira rokumutsa yavose sezvavakatarirwa simba kubva 30 kusvika 35 horsepower. Zvegore, iyo wheelbase wakareba 3160 kusvika 3165 mm. Muna 1913, simba mota zvakare yakawedzera pakutevedzera 4-nokukurumidza gearbox.

It akasunungurwa 347 mienzaniso C-24 mumakore mapfumbamwe. 285 vavo vakanga rakavhurika muviri nokuputsanya. The akasara anenge zvakafanana kuparadzirwa pakati limousines, uye miviri-landole tropicbirds. Ndizvo zvakanga flagship "Russo-Balt" - motokari muridzi wongororo akataura kuti vainyanya rakavimbika uye zvakanaka nazvo.

pfungwa kundiona

Cars tikaisa chirimwa hazvina kukanganwika, uye munguva ichangopfuura paiva kuedza ndiponesezve "Russo-Balt". The motokari, ane nhoroondo iri kunyange mapfupi pane ngano kwayo inobatanidzwa nemakore Russian motokari maindasitiri, saka pane ndinoda kudzokera nayo. Kubva remakore rechi21 muchiso iri vaiva ne A: Level. Muna 2002 zvakanzi kunzi Russo-Baltigue. Muna 2006 wakatangwa pfungwa Kwazvo, izvo mubasa kukura kambani German German Gerg GmbH. It akaronga kubudisa motokari 15 chete pagore uye kuatengesera vateresi. Zvisinei, imwe kujairika pfungwa dzinenge hapana aigona vakakundikana mubereko, uye kugadzirwa curdled.

Model nokuti tuple

Pashure kuedza kuti vamutsidzirwezve muna 2006, ari zvizivikanwe "Russo-Balt" kuzodzosera kutaura. Muna 2013, yakanga aronga kutanga kugadzirwa anokosha yokutevedzera nokuda vemutungamiri motorcade. Izvi aizorega kubhadhara mutero hachizi guru, "Russo-Balt". Car 2013 kwaiva kusangana pachikuva "Rolls-Royce Phantom." Zvinosuruvarisa, chirongwa ichi chakanga kumboziva nanhasi.

mhedziso

Saka tinoziva kuti "Russo-Balt" (motokari). Kudzokorora yokutevedzera, nokurondedzerwa uye nyanzvi maonero makatiparadzira chakabatsira kupa kupfuura kwakakwana tinyatsonzwisisa wokutanga Russian motokari mavanga. The chete tsitsi ndechokuti kuzodana izvozvo Russian motokari kundiomera. Pamusoro pazvo, yakavakwa maererano kumumvuri yeBelgian womuenzaniso. Zvisinei, pasina mabasa omunzvimbo vagadziri, zvichida nyika haana akadzidza pamusoro zvizivikanwe 'Russobalt ". The motokari kodzero zvachose kuteerera, uye zvinokwanisika kuti akanga achiri kuyeuchidza zvawo.