Russian Art Nouveau mu mapurani

Russian Art Nouveau akabuda netsaona. In pakati 19-20 emakore ose munyika dzokuEurope anenge Western kuti akabatanidzwa panguva iyoyo vari ichikosha pakati wokudzora, paiva zvakasiyana mirayiridzo iyi. ivo vanoratidza pamwero mukuru zvikuru, mune uye mapurani Mazinga. accession reRussia dzomunyika imperialist hurongwa, kuwedzera inflow vemamwe mari munyika yacho indasitiri kusvika pamwero mukuru kwakaita kuti paumbwe ndokuwarira pamusoro modernist dzenzvimbo. Panguva iyoyowo mapurani mutsoropodzi vachibvumirana mhosva stylization, ive eclectic, izvo zvakonzerawo pakukura nhungamiro "Russian Art Nouveau."

Kufarira mirayiridzo kwakakonzerwa nokuvapo imomo mweya utsanzi uye utsanzi. Russian Art Nouveau mu mavakirwo iyoyo vaiona ari pavaipfuura kupora kubva eclectic mapurani uye retrospectivism. Artistic mashoko airatidza zvinodiwa bourgeoisie, akatsvaka kusika itsva werudzii remakore. Russian Art Nouveau haana chimwe manyorero muenzaniso. Nyaya iyi inobvumira kushandisa mavakirwo sezvo vanoshambadza ari makwikwi pakati maindasitiri uye vezvokutengeserana yemakambani, uyewo homeowners.

Russian ezvivako Aingoziva zvitsva zvinoitwa dzakavakidzana, zvakananga kana kuburikidza nemabhuku akasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji, Chokwadi, kudzidza ano kwakaitika munguva kukwidziridzwa pamusoro nguva nenguva venhau. Somuenzaniso, rakabudiswa muna 1872, magazini "Architect" zvakanaka kwazvo nemafungiro yokumwe ruzivo pakuvaka, tichicherechedza mberi Rationalist zviri basa akasiyana inozivikanwa yokumwe ezvivako: O. Wagner, A. Van De Velde, V. Horta nevamwe. Nokukwezvwa chavo chido functionality uye nyore.

Vanotsigira wokugadzira akadana kudzokorora zvose zvine chokuita mapurani, mapfumo zvachose pasi mifananidzo tsika. Architecture muna Nouveau hakubvisi kudiwa kupinda chivako chinyakare symmetric zvirongwa nziyo. Design akanga akatakurwa kunze zvakasununguka, kufungisisa yakakodzera mapoka kuparadzirwa uye munhu dzimba. Nokudaro, hwezvaizoitika uye vakasunungurwa-dimensional matatu mapurani marongerwo.

Zvikuru kukura kuyerera vakashandisa simbi uye kongiri ezvirevo. Saka, kuti asike zvimwe nzvimbo uye zvaiva akanga kunyanya kwechokwadi maindasitiri, rwezvemabhengi, Retail nezvimwe zvivako paruzhinji. Kujekesa nzvimbo huru kuitwa tichibatsirwa skylights uye mahwindo makuru. Mukuvaka dzinogarwa zvava zvakajairika mazuva mhenderekedzo (yakabudikira chikamu chivakwa) - dzimwe nguva kunyange uriri akawanda, mahwindo kuzonzi yakasiyana configuration. Russian Nouveau zvinoshamisa dzakachinjwa pakuonekwa chivakwa, achichipa unhu.

Style rationalism zvakajeka richiratidzwa paruzhinji muzvivako. huru imwe mamiriro akanga kunyanya nokuda guru pemvura PANE, kongiri marongerwo uye kutsigira mamiriro. Architects, achitsvaka mikana zvokunze mavambo, vachiwanzoshandisa kunyanyisa kushandisa decoration zvinhu: nemamiriro, zvivezwa, mosaics. Panguva iyoyowo, ezvivako mu muri avo vakaramba zvachose banal chimiro - pachinzvimbo vakashandisa zvakananga Kugadzira zvinhu kasvisto. Kwakapararira zvemasanga Kuchinja zvatinosiita matunhu, pamusoro-pretentious unhu uye mashoko.

Nokufamba ivepo, Remifananidzo Nouveau architecture Russia yakakamurwa dzikava mapazi akawanda. Mumwe matavi raiva mukati stylization. It ezvivako vakatsvaka kuvaka pamusoro nhaka pakati Classics.