Proterozoic Nguva: yeminzwa nzira yemhindumupindu paNyika

Proterozoic panguva urwo rwakatora makore anenge mabhiriyoni maviri, akaita basa rinokosha paumbwe nyika sezvo tichiziva zvino. Ndicho wakarebesa Geological nguva, zvaitora vanenge hafu zvachose munhoroondo nyika, aizivikanwa dzinoverengeka kwawakabva, mhindumupindu enyika kudzoka.

It Proterozoic nguva "yakati" nokuwedzera mumvura zvavo vari hydrosphere, saka kuti gungwa rokutanga vakatanga batanidza kuva chete munyanza ari yemapuraneti scale, pachiyero iyo pakupedzisira asvika pamusoro yomugungwa anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Ichi chokutanga tectonics geochemical muganhu kwakaratidzwa unopinza kuwedzera ukuru hydration of Oceanic lithosphere cortex (nokuda kwazvo saturation munyika dzine vagadzirisane guru vakawanda penyanza munyu mvura). Izvi kwemakore anenge mazana matanhatu miriyoni. Zvino wakapata inokosha basa zvakazosunungurwa paumbwe kuzorodzwa penyanza paburiro.

Panzvimbo kupfuura yekare nhoroondo nguva, Archean, Proterozoic nguva akauya. Okunze ndiko kutanga kwenguva itsva yakatanga dzichinje zvinooneka. Pemvura puraneti chinhu nguva Archaean upenyu kushanda uye akaberekera gwenga chando chete kakawanda glaciations, pedyo pakati Proterozoic ndavhiyiwa kuchinja (yakananga kwepasi).

Panguva iyo kwaiva chinokosha saturation reokisijeni mumhepo anenge akanyatsosiyana achinja kutungamirirwa Kushanduka zvipenyu zvipenyu. Masayendisiti chiitiko ichi chinokosha chakaitika anenge mabhiriyoni maviri apfuura, izvozvo kare anonzi "yakachena dambudziko." Nguva iyi dzinoratidzwa rokutanga nucleation unicellular Kurovedza Utachiona (nekuti yakachena wevasungwa dzedenga musanganiswa yakanga yakakwana kuitira upenyu hwavo). Panguva iyoyo vazhinji kwemarudzi akafa anaerobic Utachiona, nokuti izvo samolecular okisijeni yaiva zvinouraya. Kuti, kuti pamwero mukuru, akasarudza kuti Vector kwohumwe shanduka.

Panguva penguva iyi hofori pfupi zvigare uye algae raibudirira. Pane kwakanyanya dzinotsanagura anenge ose sedimentary matombo kuti ndipo Proterozoic yaitonga, mberi pamwe yakananga (uye chaizvo) Kushanda kwezvinhu izvi upenyu siyana.

Eukaryotes, anodzingwa kubva shanduka chiitiko "shure" prokaryotes, zvakare, dzakaumbwa, apo aiva Proterozoic yaitonga. Animals, nemhepo yokufema, nenzira, pakanga panyika panguva imwe chete munhoroondo iyoyo. mhando dzakawanda Fauna of Late Proterozoic yaitonga kare akapa zvipuka zvine masero akawanda eukaryotic siyana. Kuguma yaitonga ichi kunogona kunzi "remakore ane muramba," izvo zvino nesimba panyika. Panguva iyoyowo chero annelids (madzitateguru ane molluscs uye arthropods).

Proterozoic yaitonga akanga chikuru nhoroondo refu nguva apo yakatanga Batanidzai utongi eukaryotic masero. Chinyakare unicellular uye ichitongwa zvipenyu vakatanga kutsiviwa nezvisikwa zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvikuru yakarongwa. Life yava chinhu chinokosha munzvimbo Geological shanduka. Zvipenyu makatanga Zvinoshingaira kuchinja murwiyo uye chimiro goko paNyika, vanova maererano aro okumusoro rukoko - the biosphere. Akasvika Earth , photosynthesis, kukosha risingagoni hunokosha. Kuti saizvozvo akachinja anoumba chadenga, rokunyorovesa ayo guru okisijeni akaita zvibvire kukura dzakakwirira heterotrophic zvipenyu - mhuka kwirirei.

Saka, kuti asike Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mamiriro kuuya munyika yose dzakakwirira zvipenyu - murume akanga kushandura chiso nyika anofanira kwenguva duku yayo kuvapo (zviuru chete makore 500 - pakarepo nemitemo inoongorora!) Beyond pamutemo. Uye, panguva imwe chete, uye kuti vape pfungwa "upenyu" uye "shanduka" itsva rinoreva rose ...