Properties Babbitt. Zvinoumba, muchiso, kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa Babbitt

Nyaya ino rakazvipira chiwanikwa akasikwa kubudikidza mutengesi - zviri pamusoro American Isaac Babbitt. . Yakanga Babbitt akabudisa muvambi muna 1841, mubayiro zviuru 20 zvamadhora vokuUnited States Congress, akanga yakachinja ake basa - asi mutengesi akatanga dzidzira mu alloys. Babbitt akanga atova patented muna 1844 muna UK, uye muna 1847 - muna Russian Empire. Rinokosha mwana musayendisiti kubva kuUnited States muna aripo, apo unoshandiswa, imarii uye chii zviri chokwadi kudzidza pamusoro.

Babbit - Chii

In rukudzo I. Babbitt akanzi chiwanikwa chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi zvitatu zvinokosha iri zvaAtemisi mabheyaringi - vakazadzwa yakaumbwa Babbitt yomukati rusvingo simbi mugodhi nhengo iri kunoitika panguva kutenderera uye kukweshera. Kugadzirwa ane musayendisiti American kunogona kuderedza kubereka kusakara.

The anoumba Babbitt dzaitaurwa siyana kukura, netini, namavara akanaka, mutobvu uye mhangura. Sezvo Babbitt simbi ine zvose nyoro uye zvakaoma pezvokuvamba Amire antifriction zvivako, kusakara kuramba. Made pairi mabheyaringi zvakakodzera naka kusvika miseve, kuvhiyiwa kwenguva refu.

Ya yakarurama kushanda inobereka Babbitt kunoenderana pakukora ari chakakandirwa pamusoro simbi chiwanikwa uyu liner rukoko. The wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose ndiko, kwenguva refu kunogona kuvhiyiwa mugove.

ehupfumi Babbitt

We nyora huru kunoshamisa ehupfumi of chiwanikwa:

• Anti-kukweshera zvinhu - tichidzivisa kukakavadzana (reciprocating kufamba se "pano uye ipapo");
• ngura musimbwa;
• yakaderera pokuoma (HB 13-32);
• mukurumari;
• yakakwirira chafariz conductivity;
• nezavyshennaya utsotso tembiricha - 240-340 Celsius;
• Inosimudzira razmyagchaemost chiwanikwa pa 100 Celsius (HB 9-24);
• rakawedzera kusimba.

Zvakanakira nekuipira Babbitt

Tichitarisa zvivako zviri Babbitt, pombi kiyi zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. By chiwanikwa zvakwakanakira zvinosanganisira yayo Anti-kukweshera unhu uye kwazvo nokumhanya-mune zvakawanda. Chiwanikwa substantially kunowedzera basa upenyu inobereka yayo mukurumari - paaishanda Babbitt wokutanga kuumbwa microtubules, izvo zvikanzwika mugove mafuta.

Mumwe, asi chinokosha Vakaomerwa ndiyo babbits dzavo yakaderera kana zvichienzaniswa nemamwe alloys simba. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, murume faibha akadaro chete zvakawanda nesimba kukandira simbi, simbi kana ndarira dzimba.

Mhando uye mavanga chiwanikwa

Species-Mako Babbitt zvitatu mhando - Zvichienderana nechigadziko simbi:

1. Karusiyamu. Kunyange zvayo chinoita vatungamirire chiwanikwa anowana ayo zita kubva rimwe zvakamisa hurongwa - ari murwiyo sezvo calcium yavaibvisa. zvinhu izvi kusiyanisa Babbitt kupfuura kutengeka mutengo, ugozvipa chepamusoro chafariz conductivity uye arambe achirema. Asi apo munhu chiwanikwa kwakadaro nokukurumidza oxidized, kuti haina kuwedzera mukurumari. Naizvozvo karusiyamu Babbitt kakawanda rakashandiswa inoisa nemafuremu motokari, zvose mitoro uye mutakurwi - uko kazhinji achiongorora uye kutsiviwa nokukurumidza kana zvakakodzera.
2. Tin. Chikonzero ichi netini babbit, izvo mukuru coefficient pamusoro kukweshera, matunhu kurema kuzvidzivirira uye ductility rakawedzera ngura nemishonga. Izvi chiwanikwa yatovapo kaviri simba rake "hama." Naizvozvo, ichi chinokosha mucherechedzo Babbitt kubereka, izvo chikonzero kunonyanyisa mutoro uye nebasa rinokosha. Avo kusango chikumbiro - siyana yakaderera-nokukurumidza Motors. Mukuwedzera gaba, aripo mune chiwanikwa ichi uye nickel kana cadmium, kana namavara akanaka uye mhangura. Zvakaipira netini Babbitt achava chete kuva soro mutengo wayo pakati alloys izvi.
3. Lead. Soft zvinoriumba pano ndivo vanotungamirira uye namavara akanaka - 87% 13% azvaitwa mu chidimbu ichi. Yakasimba chiwanikwa eremendi - ichi sekristaro namavara akanaka (5% nechekare yose inowanwa). Babbitt ichi kwete dzinounzwa elasticity, uye nekuti haana kushandiswa pave kupfuura monica mabheyaringi. Zvisinei, izvozvo zvinoshamisa kuti kunounza mukuru-tembiricha kudziyisa maatomu akafanana. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vakadaro babbits vade kuita ngura. nzira dzavo - Diesel michina nematarakita anofamba nemotokari.

Stamps atungamirire Babbitt - B16 (kutungamirira - chinokosha), BS6, BN (kutungamirira, tini, nickel, mhangura, Arsenic, cadmium, namavara akanaka). Ivo, kufanana netini, akaita maererano GOST 1320-74. Karusiyamu alloys inoenderana GOST 1209-90; mhando - ndiye BK2, BKA, BK2TS, BK2SH. Stamps gaba Babbitt - B83, B83S (diki kuwedzera mutobvu), B88. Variety B83 Somuenzaniso - ndiko 80% of rokuti netini, 12% kuti namavara akanaka, mhangura uye 6%, paavhareji, 0.1% kubva bismuth, kutungamirira, simbi, Arsenic, aruminiyamu. A B6 - a 88% kutungamirira, 0.3% mhangura, 0.1% simbi, duku inorwara zingi uye Arsenic.

chiwanikwa kugadzirwa

Babbitt zvivako Vanoshandisa zvakananga novimba ayo vomumatunhu. Nokuti yayo firimu zvinoda chete kugadzirwa zvinhu zvayo (kana kubudiswa recyclable zvinhu), nokuti - zvachose chiwanikwa nomunhu. Pfungwa Babbitt - ichi vara, nguruve haaremi pane 22 makirogiramu. Nokuti pavo kukandira zvinhu zviri kunyatsogadzirira - kucheneswa, degreased. Kana utsotso gobvu hwabviswa pemvura sprudinu - refractory furo.

Production anopedzisa Babbitt Kudzingwa vara. Mumwe nomumwe wavo rabva wezvokutengeserana mucherechedzo, muchiso zita uye Serial uwandu hunde dzacho. Vashandi vari chirimwa, iyo unyanzvi vari Kudzingwa mabheyaringi, vakagadzirira yanyungudiswa vara, zvidhinha uye akadurura Babbitt zvinonyauka ari kubereka deko.

utsotso Babbitt

For alloys aya akashandiswa chikuru nesimbi - primal mhangura uye yechipiri - kubvunda simbi. Kunze main hurongwa dziri munyaya yatangira mundima, kureva okuwedzera ari babbits cadmium, Arsenic, yavaibvisa, tellurium.

Babbit B16, BN, B88 nemamwe ugokandwa vara (vara), vaine vakawanda yakajeka. Zvinokoshawo kuti pemvura vara haina kuchengetwa zvishoma kusvibiswa - kunyange chinhu ichi kunogona kukanganisa kunaka kubereka.

Brand Babbitt zvakare rinokanganisa chiwanikwa wacho utsotso tembiricha. Saka, zvikuru nevanhu B83 Babbitt inonyunguduka pa 240 Celsius, uye gaba B83 - panguva prices + 340-440 madhigirii musi iwoyo pamwero.

Specificity Chikumbiro Babbitt

Nokuti mashoko nechimwe kwemarudzi anoda yayo muchiso pamusoro chiwanikwa, Babbitt:

• Unobva tsvimbo mabheyaringi (vagari pisitoni uye crankshaft) - Mako BM. Used tarakita. Ivo aifanira kutsiviwa mutsva kuburikidza ose zviuru makiromita.
• Main kubereka - kushandiswa Babbitt B88 akanyorerwa kuti kumhanya, yakakwirira vakagwinya zvinorema. Saka, chiratidzo ichi vakabudirira kushandiswa kwenzira uye mukuru-nokukurumidza Diesel injini.
• Mabheyaringi nokuti Marine mvura mapaipi, compressor - rudzi BN, rakanakira svikiro zvinorema uye aimhanya.
• Heavy michini - ehupfumi Babbitt B16 mamakisi vari akanaka.

mutengo Babbitt

Funga mari chiwanikwa munharaunda yacho Russian Federation. Price kunoenderana Babbitt zvivako zvawo muchiso. Saka, avhareji yemari vatungamirire Babbitt B16 -. 350 zviuru rubles / tani. Mari chiwanikwa inotakura B83 - vanenge 1,3 miriyoni rubles / tani.

Kana tikafunga marara musika, 1 kg pamusoro babbit simbi Angatorwa nokuda kunonyanyisa nomutengo 500-600 rubles. / KG. Zvikurukuru, alloys aya kutenga nokuda kwavo kwetsvina, sezvo zvimwe zvisingakoshi mabheyaringi kunogona kukonzera irreparable kukuvara kwezvakatipoteredza uyewo cadmium, kutungamirira, namavara akanaka - rinoreva Chepfu akapoteredza muzvarirwo.

Babbitt alloys - kwete ano kuvamba. Zvisinei, mazuva ano vachiri kushanda mune hurongwa - kureva, ari zvaAtemisi mabheyaringi. Pane nokuti kuti babbits yakasimba, vanopfeka nemishonga, kutsanya uye zvakasimba lapped kuti kese, dzinovimbisa akanyarara nokuda kukweshera uye nokuda kwayo shoma chafariz conductivity, kubvisa injini overheating. Uyezve, vagadziri kupa dzakawanda dzakasiyana mavanga Babbitt, chimwe nechimwe unoenderana yakananga rudzi sezvo kubereka, uye rose michina yacho injini.