Project Kutarisira - chii ichi? Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira

Project Kutarisira - chinhu chinokosha munhu ano utariri wemuTesitamende Russia. zvipfuwo uye vatorwa nemakambani mazhinji, anoshandisa chirongwa zvakanaka kuvandudza mishonga uye mabasa kuti kuderedza mari, kuwedzera purofiti. Chii chinonzi chirongwa zvakanaka uye chii ayo chikuru mikana?

Chii chirongwa?

Pfungwa yokuti 'chirongwa "zvinogona kududzirwa kwazvo zvakasiyana. Tsanangudzo yokutanga ndiyo hunosanganisira tsanangudzo chirongwa sezvo yakatarwa magwaro, maererano izvo zvinoita kuvakwa chivako kana mamiriro. Munyaya ino tichataura nezvaireva shoko "chirongwa" wechipiri.

Definition of chirongwa kwazvo, kunyange vose vanobvumirana rimwe chinhu: chirongwa - imwe pfungwa, izvo zvinoreva Implementation nezvevamwe zvinangwa zvemari mukati shomanana nguva. Panyaya iyi, dana chikuru zviri basa:

• Kusiyana (chirongwa - ichi ndizvo wokutanga akasikwa).
• nguva muganhu (chirongwa hwagara kupiwa nguva yayo Implementation).
• Anokurudzira (gwaro iri nguva dzose kuitwa nokuda dzakananga mabasa, akaratidza, sezvo mutemo, muna quantitative kuyerwa chikwata).

Kana zvose zvitatu ezvinhu, zviito zvakaoma anogona kunzi racho.

Program uye purojekiti nemigove mumabhizimisi

Projects kazhinji aibatanidza kupinda zvirongwa uye nemigove mumabhizimisi. Chirongwa anonzi yakatarwa muzvirongwa kuti tiudzewo chinangwa nevakawanda. Somuenzaniso, purogiramu kuvandudza dzidzo zvingasanganisira zvirongwa kurera mari kuti vadzidzisi 20%, kuvaka zvikoro zvitsva 15, kusunungurwa 26 mabhuku matsva moyo zvidzidzo.

The Portfolio anosanganisa zvirongwa mari kubva chete tsime, zvisinei mabasa avo. Nokudaro, Portfolio pakati N zvingasanganisira zvirongwa rubatsiro, nokuti pavakwe yemakambani hofisi itsva, kuti vapemberere gore vatungamiriri uye kuwedzera wepagore turnover ne 10%.

Portfolios muzvirongwa uye zvirongwa vanofanirawo nhaka-pamusoro apa matatu unhu zvinokosha.

Dzinokosha basa utariri

Tichifunga kukurumidza Virtual Michina pamusika, kuti zviite basa rikurumidze, zvakaoma zita Nzira dzinoshandiswa, zvakazara kurondedzera basa zvakanaka.

Project Management inosanganisira siyana nzira uye zvishandiso inobva zvinotaurwa:

• Nanganai zvawanikwa. Pfungwa iyi kunorondedzerwa kukosha rokuti "chirongwa". Project Kutarisira - haisi unhu zvakanaka achingoraramira iine dyidzana mabasa.
• Nheyo "chirongwa Triangle". Kana basa chirongwa kunofanira kutungamirirwa pakudyidzana: nguva, bhajeti, unhu racho. Kuchinja imwe zvinokonzera yaienda kuchinja vamwe, achivaita kuita mapato ose netriangle.
• Nekurangarira kuti chirongwa upenyu yatinofema. Project upenyu kutenderera rinotanga paumbwe pfungwa pakusika basa uye rinoguma panguva yapfuura nguva nguva basa racho. The purojekiti upenyu kutenderera inowanzopiwa rakapera pakutanga chigadzirwa upenyu kutenderera, akasikwa somugumisiro racho.
• Process ainoita utariri. Pfungwa iyi inosanganisira kunyatsoongorora chirongwa sezvo chine pezvakaitwa, interconnected uye akaguma subtotals muchimiro Semi-apera zvinhu kana magwaro anokosha. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kudzora chirongwa pasina vanonzi "bofu nzvimbo."

Incentives chirongwa vechikamu

Kurudzira purojekiti vechikamu vanenge azopiwa nzeve apo chirongwa utariri vakasarudzwa nokuda dzakananga mabasa. kazhinji Project Kutarisira zvinosanganisira zvaioneka uye chisingaoneki motivational zvigadziriswe.

For incentives zvemari zvinosanganisira bonuses, Zvirango, surcharges nokuti mangwanani kuzadziswa zvenguva kushungurudza.

Chisingaoneki kurudziro nzira zvinosanganisira nechirango tsamba zvipo muchimiro nguva kure, uyewo nekutumirwa kwemauto makwikwi pakati vechikamu chirongwa sezvo chikamu Competition.

purojekiti utariri Basic nzendo

Project Kutarisira paruchaitika nhanho chirongwa upenyu kutenderera maitikiro uye kunzwisisa management. Interconnection matanho uye maitikiro kupiwa tafura pazasi.

Saka, munda chirongwa Kutarisira zvinosanganisira zvemari, munhu, STRUCTURAL mabhora dzesangano.

Kushandisa chirongwa utariri

Project kutarisirwa mamiriro rinosanganisira partitioning mabasa ose sangano kuti mabasa uye nguva-akasungwa kunangwa. Panguva iyoyo vakaumba boka rimwe nerimwe purojekiti uye chikwata basa mamaneja, uyo vaudze musoro Implementation nechirongwa.

Nezvokumutswa ichi chirongwa zvakanaka kakawanda kushandiswa masangano maindasitiri akasiyana-siyana uye hukuru, ane zvakawanda panguva imwe chete kuitwa varayirwa. Zvisinei, mune zvebhizimisi duku zvinoshanda chirongwa utariri kuti dzakananga mabasa ari mazuvaano okuwana kana Somuenzaniso, kutanga chigadzirwa itsva.

Project kutarisirwa pakuvaka indasitiri

Kuvaka indasitiri zvikuru kushanda nzira basa zvakanaka. The makambani mubasa mutengi kana Muvaki mashandiro, purojekiti Kutarisira anoshandisa dzinongoitika weboka basa iri rokuvaka (zvibereko musimboti, kureva, kuvakwa nomumwe chivakwa - ari oga chirongwa), uye vekambani mamiriro inoda anongoda hapana chakakomba pedutu.

purojekiti kurapa Sangano riri kwaiwanzoitwa pasi basa musimboti, zvinobudirira kushandisa kare vakaumba mapoka vagadziri sechirongwa chikwata.

Project utariri hurumende

Project kutarisirwa mune hurumende - imwe yerudzi rutsva zvinoitwa nhasi. Program-chipfuro nzira management, hwava kubva Soviet nguva, zvino akawana wechinhu chirongwa Kutarisira munyika. Zvino kutaura inokosha basa nokuti hurumende akashandisa purogiramu kusanganisira nomumwe zvirongwa vane nhovo deadlines. Zvisinei, basa chaizvo nzira chirongwa kwakadaro kure vakakwana uye kunoda mazuvaano uye gadziridzo.

Zvakaitika Implementation basa Kutarisira muna Belgorod nharaunda

Project Hurumende yave vaudzewo pose. Zvisinei, muna Russia, ine ruzivo ari kushandiswa michina iyi Belgorod mudunhu.

Izvi pamwero mukuru kuedza kwakaitwa zvinenge zvose zvatinoita vehurumende muna Belgorod mudunhu. Pakati huru okunze - the Education chirongwa utariri, rutsigiro kwesangano uye methodological, munda rokuongorora, chido, tinyatsonzwisisa kukwanisa vashandi, nyanzvi matare yokudzokorora muzvirongwa.

Project kurapa Belgorod nharaunda zvino zvinosanganisira seboka zvitunha basa zvakanaka:

• Interdepartmental Commission anoita chirongwa zvakanaka mabasa.
• Industry nyanzvi basa asarudza pamusoro buri / dzivharwe muzvirongwa.
• Regional Project Office, monitors zvaidiwa maitiro basa zvakanaka.

Nheyo "hwindo rimwe"

Zviri yechinangwa yezwi Project Management Belgorod nharaunda shure muna 2010 vakaenda kufarirwa mari muzvirongwa kuburikidza "chete hwindo" ezvinhu, anozivikanwa zvino muMoscow. Basa hwindo chete vanoita mumwe richangobva kuziviswa services - Regional chirongwa Office. Zvino, chaizvoizvo mwedzi mumwe kubva musi kurapwa mune chirongwa muhofisi yebhizimisi sangano anogamuchira gwaro iri Kufambisa.

Zvoga Information System "Project Management"

Information uye hwokugadzira kutsigira chirongwa Kutarisira muna Belgorod nharaunda rinoitwa kuburikidza zvoga mashoko hurongwa (ais) "Project Management". Izvi web-chikumbiro kuti haatarisiri kuisa mamwe Software uye anoita zvinotevera mashandiro kuti zvirongwa, zvirongwa uye nemigove mumabhizimisi:

• Kuramba yokunyoresa (Database).
• Kuronga.
• Kuronga mari.
• Monitoring ari Implementation pamusoro kwematunhu uye matunhu neminisiparati mumatunhu.
• Kuparadzirwa kwemasimba uye murayiro basa.
• Kushandura mukati.
• unonyevera marongedzero Kuuya zviitiko uye kuitika pamusoro zvirongwa.
• Workflow.
• Zvoga Analytical nhau.
• Kusangana ne e-Hurumende yacho Belgorod nharaunda.

Zvakanakira nekuipira basa utariri

Akatsanangura Zvakaitika Implementation basa Kutarisira muna Belgorod mudunhu akabudirira. Kuchinja kwezvinhu izvi dzakaratidzwa achinyanya iri kuwedzera mwero kukura kwakakomba remunharaunda chigadzirwa ne 0.1% (anopfuura 3 bln. Rubles), achidzikisa nguva iri Kufambisa muzvirongwa (by 2 months por chirongwa) uye kuwedzera kumhanya kukura oupfumi mudunhu ne 23 %. Zvisinei, chinonyanya kukosha mugumisiro - ndiyo paumbwe akagadzira mafungiro vashandi vari kushingaira kuedza kuongorora uye kugadzirisa dambudziko, dzimwe nguva unconventional, itsva nzira.

Kurudziro uye kugadzirisa basa mamiriro ikameresa kunobatsirawo kwete chete nokuda vehurumende, asiwo basa, pakusika yakanaka mubhizimisi ekunze uye achibvisa zvipingamupinyi kuti Entrepreneurship.

yevagari munharaunda chiri ikozvino kuitika wokusarudza uye richiona pamusoro Implementation inokosha zvine urongwa zvirongwa. Nokuti vanhu purojekiti Kutarisira - ndiko kugona kushandisa kuminamato yepamusoro uye yakakwirira mufambo.

Zvisinei, pasinei zvose zvakanakira chirongwa utariri mamiriro, pane zvainovhiringidzawo kusvika ichi.

Pakutanga, Transitional nguva. Zvinotora nguva vapinze uye basa chikwata kuita ayo mashandiro ave mashandiro zvinowirirana.

Chechipiri, pakatanga chirongwa Kutarisira muna zvebhizimisi, kuwana basa maneja akanaka anogona kunonoka. For pachako uye nyanzvi unhu chirongwa maneja mukuru chaizvo zvinodiwa: nzwisisika unyanzvi, zvizere mumvura iri kugadzirwa, chirongwa utariri ruzivo runodiwa specificity.

A chechitatu drawback basa Kutarisira anogona kunzi dzinoda kuti akatsemura kambani mari pakati zvirongwa. Emisasa "varombo" zvinogona kazhinji kuva unrealizable. Project mamaneja vanofanira 'kurwa' nokuti mari uye mudonzvo, izvo haabvumirwi pasi zvachose kudzora mumatanho ose basa upenyu yatinofema.

Mumwe zvikanganiso anokosha nenzira chirongwa utariri sangano iri basa iri nhengo chirongwa chikwata uye chirongwa mutungamiri yangopedzwa. Loading mudonzvo, sezvamunoziva, mutemo inokosha vabudirire mubhizimisi, uye nyaya chirongwa basa nguva dzose kuva "dangling mudenga," boka nyanzvi, izvo panguva kunyimwa dzose mutoro.

Mukupfupikisa, zvinganzi vakagumisa kuti basa zvakanaka - chinhu chinokosha hwemazuva mabhizimisi nzvimbo, uye kudzidza nheyo dzayo kunokosha kuti akwanise utariri sarudzo panguva zvose pehurumende uye mukati munhu mabhizimusi.