OSOAVIAHIM - decoding. Society kubatsira kudzivirira, avhiyesheni uye makemikari chivakwa

Muna 1927, aine maonero kuti vakwanise kufambiswa ruzivo uye unyanzvi kuti ndiyo hwaro mberi kurovedza vagari vari panhengo muchiuto munyika, rakavambwa evanhu chivako kuti akave nokugamuchira chaizvo zita - Society nokuda Defense, Aviation uye Chemical Construction. Rakapfupikiswa - OSOAVIAHIM.

Kutanga idzva uto mitambo sangano

Izvi akazviratidza kwete sangano nemauto-nyika kubva muvare - zvakanzi pashure nhamba pezvivako, uyewo zvainanga kurovedza mudiki kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo kuhondo kunodzidziswa zvechiuto, asi mumwe nomumwe wavo wakange rakamanikana nezvechii, kubata chete shoma zvakawanda nyaya. Pasinei yavo kukosha pakusimbisa kudzivirira kugona munyika muna 1927 pamusoro chirongwa vanhu commissar Kudzivirira K. E. Voroshilova vakanga akabatanidza kupinda sangano rimwe chete - OSOAVIAHIM. Achiongorora zvaive mazita wakapiwa panotangira nyaya, yose iyi vakaratidza kugadzwa rekuUnited mamiriro. Chitarisiko wake kukonzerwa imwe kusembura weInternational ezvinhu, panguva yakakodzera chaizvo.

OSOAVIAHIM Soviet Union kubva pamazuva ayo kuvapo mangwanani, akawana rakafara kukurumbira pakati vamiririri vemazera akasiyana-siyana uye munzanga strata vemo. pashure pegore, zvayo nemapoka pane vanhu mamiriyoni maviri pamusoro vaiva. abudirire kwakadaro zvakajeka abatsire zvapiwa zvikurukuru rubatsiro inopiwa ne Party uye masangano ehurumende.

Broad National mufambo

Under itsva National chirongwa ichi kuti anenge vabatwa yose nyika, akaita muAtlantic nomumbure kudzidziswa nzvimbo, vakarongwa maererano maindasitiri emakambani, uyewo dzidzo, zvesayenzi uye kugadzirwa nemasangano. Pinda makosi manesi, redhiyo dzaishandisa, kana tsvimbo kupfura yazova yaizivikanwa uye repamusoro yazvo basa achiri muduku uye pakati zera.

Kwose kwose akasika nhare umo vokusekondari - masoja ramangwana - vaiva nomukana wokudzidza zvinokosha nesayenzi rechiuto, dzidza kushandisa marudzi akasiyana zvidiki, uyewo kutyaira motokari kana tarakita. Mushure kosi, Chokwadi, pasi nepamahofisi bvunzo, vadzidzi vanopiwa zvitupa manesi, parachutists, redhiyo dzaishandisa, uye dzimwe nyanzvi, akabvunza munguva yehondo. Mumwe akapedza kudzidza akapiwa bheji OSOAVIAHIM, kubvumirwa muna 1928, mutemo wehurumende chaiyo.

Marksmen Marshal Voroshilov

Kugadzirira remangwana kutsigira zviri Motherland utungamiri OSOAVIAHIM (inopangidza pamusoro abbreviations anoratidzwa panotangira nyaya) iri pedyo pamwe chete vanhu Commissariat Youtano yakazokudziridzwa vakazoroorwa kuzivikanwa kunzwisisa "Gadzirira Labor uye Kuzvidzivirira" (TRP). Raisanganisira mazita mirau kuona padanho kurovedza pazera siyana Mapato, chokuendesa waiva nemakore iwayo fanira chaiko.

Chimwe mitambo, kunzwisisa uku kwaisanganisira uyewo mukurumbira kupfura mumakore iwayo. Nokuti kunyange zvakawanda kwayo popularization muna 1932 hurumende chirevo rakavambwa honorary bheji "Voroshilov Sharpshooter". Zvinonzi paakavapa vanhu vanenge makawana kubudirira mukuru chirango ichi, zvikuru mune kudiwa iri chiitiko rehondo.

Sport vanopfura kuhwina muMoscow

Makore maviri gare gare muMoscow honorary bheji yokuisira vakanga akabatanidza kupinda rimwe yokutanga munyika netsvimbo iri Voroshilov vapfuri nokukudzwa kumiririra Soviet Union muna makwikwi dzakawanda, iro wakapindwa museve mumwe American mudzidzi makirabhu. Kurova mhiri kwemakungwa vakwikwidzi achishandisa navanopinda kumucheto pamusoro pfungwa, Muscovites vakaratidza zvabuda, pamusoro zvaakakunyorerai mumazuva iwayo, mapepanhau akawanda munyika.

Vezvikepe uye parachutists - vadzidzi Moscow kirabhu

Nechekare mukutanga thirties dzakawanda maindasitiri mabhizimisi munyika vaiva masangano chikuru OSOAVIAHIM, dzimwe nguva zvichiitika mukare akamboona mabasa. Muenzaniso ndiye Moscow Aviation Plant. Pahwaro zvayo veruzhinji kurovedzera kubasa chokudzidzisa vezvikepe uye nezvimwe avhiyesheni nyanzvi hwakagadzwa.

Kana yemitambo chikamu kana tsvimbo kupfura panguva iyoyo yaiva anenge basa ose, chokudzidzisa vezvikepe mhedziso basa chezvinhu sangano unotevera pachiyero chirimwa. Saizvozvowo kirabhu kuti parachutists hwagadzwa, ane nhengo vanosanganisira varume nevakadzi. Munhoroondo mutambo nyika akapinda zvinyorwa yakatarwa muna 1934, bato ravo Flughafen Kamenevoy uyo akasiya ndege panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro makubhiti zviuru zvitatu uye akazarura kanopi makubhiti mazana maviri chete pasi.

Kubatsirwa sangano imbwa basa

Zvinozivikanwa kuti munguva imwe chete kuti vabatsire pamuganhu mauto enyika, uyewo miviri mapurisa muMoscow, pahwaro guta sangano OSOAVIAHIM, akasikwa imbwa womuenzaniso kirabhu basa. basa rake haana kudaro chokudzidzisa imbwa zvokushandisa siyana vavarindi uye imbwa mapurisa, sezvo imbwa handlers kudzidzisa beginners vanoda kuzvipira kushanda mhuka.

Mumwe zvisikwa Osoaviahima ndiyo inozivikanwa nhasi nokuda yose of St. Petersburg tsvimbo basa imbwa, achangobva vakapemberera yayo-cheshanu manomwe gore. pamabasa ake hazvigoni dzakanaka. Zvakakwana kutaura kuti kwakanga muSt Petersburg kekutanga nhengo kirabhu vave vakarongeka nevakawanda zvakadaro mazuva ano nyika Championships uye basa imbwa ruminant mu Europe.

OSOAVIAHIM matanho kugadzirira hondo

Kana muna 1939 yakavapo Europe nzvimbo hondo yenyika yemberi, uye kutyisidzirwa kurwiswa nyika yedu yokutanga, zvakava zvikuru pachena, pamwe muchiuto pamusoro kunyatsorovedzwa nayo anoitisa uye OSOAVIAHIM. Achiongorora zvaive abbreviations shamisika ake manotsi ave kukoshesa kusimudzira-kumativi ose kudzivirira nyika. The Central Council of sangano panguva iyoyo, kwakasarudzwa kuti kurongazve rokudzidzisa rikurumidze uye yaitsiva denderedzwa kudzidza hurongwa zvisikwa zviumbu akafanana nevaya inopiwa muchiuto.

Somugumisiro basa kuitwa pfupi zvichibvira nguva, makore maviri asati hondo chete muguta guru rakanga kugadzirirwa anenge zviuru zvitatu namazana maviri namakumi mapoka kuzvidzivirira kuti anogona kutora kurwa kusvikira muvengi kwakajairika, asi kune mavambo hondo nhamba yakawedzera kusvika zviuru zvina. Uyezve, akasikwa kupfuura 1100 nhepfenyuro uye Anti-namakemikari kudzivirira, vashandi izvo vakapfuura 700 zviuru. Man. Pachena munorumbidzirweiko vashandi Osoaviahima Moscow vakawanda mumaguta makuru munyika ndiyewo ndokuendeswa chokurovedza mabasa munzvimbo pave mhepo vachirwisa nomuvengi.

Kuedza kuchinja yapfuura mumagariro mamiriro

OSOAVIAHIM sezvo sangano chete aivapo kusvikira 1948, pashure izvo Mutongo hurumende yakanga kurongwazve uye rakakamurwa, chimwe nechimwe asinganyatsogoni kukura kwebasa ravo mabasa mumwe siyana matatu akazvimirira munzanga. Saka, wokutanga chete chete rubatsiro weuto, wechipiri - Aviation, wechitatu - Navy.

Zvisinei, nokupesana ichi yave basa, uye muna 1951 mapazi ose matatu vakanga kuzodzosera akabatanidzwa kuva chete isangano, akadana DOSAAF uye muzvinhu zvakawanda yakafanana yapfuura OSOAVIAHIM, achiongorora zvaive acronyms izvo akasimbisa womukati kubatana muchiuto yaro kuzvidavirira. Nhasi, mamiriro iyi chakagumisa uye mabasa ayo hwakatamisirwa Bazi Emergency Mamiriro Ezvinhu.