Optina, Elder Eri: I Ona sei kuti ikoko

The musiyano chikuru confessor ichi nedzimwe, chete kuedza unorira mutana, uchenjeri uye kuzvininipisa. Chimwe chezvinhu rakakurumbira uye asinganzwisisiki vamiririri vafundisi wokuRussia, akava chiratidzo yekare yemamongi cloister kuRussia - Optina, uyewo munhu mubatsiri zvokunamata yeRussian Patriarch Kirill ndiye mutana Eri. murume uyu - isingawanzowanikwi muenzaniso chiedza, kuti kutobaya uye vakachena pfungwa. Ndokusaka mazana vanhu vanobva munyika yacho yose zuva nezuva kutsvaka musangano naye.

Ndivanaani vakuru?

Munhu wese anoenda kuburikidza upenyu yazvo nenzira. Kuti varege kutsauka mugwara, kwete kuti vasawira rakadzikadzika, anofanira munhu ichanongedza chiero, haazombovi akarasika, uye panguva yakakodzera kutsigira uye kutungamirira kurudyi nzira. vabatsiri izvi kubvira panguva yakare muRussia vaiva vakuru. Ivo airemekedza uye vakatya panguva imwe chete, nokuti - vateveri rekare Magi, zvakawanda ropa madzitateguru uchenjeri hukuru. Vakuru vakawanda vaiva chipo chokushopera nokuporesa, asi chikuru chinangwa ichi mutana - kuziva kwaMwari uye kubatsira vanoshayiwa pakunamata.

Elder Eri Biography

Eri akaberekwa (munyika - Nadya Afanasievich Nozdrin) muna 1932 mune rimwe guru murimi mudiki mhuri mumusha Stanovoy Kolodez Orel. baba vake, Athanasius, muHondo Yenyika II muna 1942, akakuvadzwa zvakakomba uye akafa kuchipatara. Amai, Claudia V.,-kuroora handedly kurera vana vana. Ndapedza chikoro muna 1949, Alex akapfuura muchiuto muchiuto. Muna 1955 akaenda kudzidza pana Serpukhov Mechanical College, uye pashure kudzidza muna 1958 akanzi kuna Volgograd Region kuti pavakwe donje chirimwa muna Kamyshin. Asi kwete kuwana pachavo vari muvaki basa, akasarudza kupedzera hwake kuna Mwari, akaenda kudzidza pachikoro muguta Saratov. Muna 1961, maererano nokutambudzwa Khrushchev uye kumanikidzwa pamusoro Church, pachikoro yakavharwa, uye Alex kwakamanikidzwa kuna Leningrad, apo akaramba zvidzidzo ake panguva Theological Academy uye akanga tonsured mumongi ainzi Ilian.

Sezvo 1966 akashanda se Rector of muPskov-Caves yemamongi, uye muna 1976 akatumwa kutakura kuteerera yokugara Russian Panteleimon paGomo Athos muGreece. Pane ramangwana mukuru Eri akagara mugomo Hermitage uye duhovnichal muna Panteleimon wemamonk. Mukupera 1980s, akanzi kare USSR, uye akatuma vakapinda rakadzorerwa Optina murenje, izvo zapustevala mumakore 65 apfuura. Pano Ilian akagamuchira schema huru, kupa kuzvibvisa wakakwana kubva nyika kuzoonanazve naMwari uye anopika pamwe zita Eri.

Mumakore akatevera 20 makore, akararamazve ari yokugara penga nokuda kokuchembera ushumiri, iyo Akazodzoka Optina UKURU. Muna 2009, Mukuru Eri akagadzwa confessor pamusoro Patriarch Vose Russia Kirill uye vakatamira yaaigara Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra muna Peredelkino, Moscow Region. Muna April 2010, musi mutambo mukuru wePaseka pakukwana pachinzvimbo chevatatu Patriarch skhiarhimandrita.

Nhoroondo wemamongi

Optina - Orthodox yemamongi varume, riri makiromita maviri kubva kuguta Kozelsk muna Kaluga mudunhu. Maererano netsika dzekare, wemamongi yakavambwa pakupera kwezana XIV-XV emakore vapfidza gororo Optoy (kana Optiem), akava mumongi pasi zita Macarius. Optina wemamongi akashanda utiziro vakuru nevakadzi vakuru vanogara vakaparadzana zvivako wemamongi, asi pasi zvokunamata achitungamirirwa abbot. The kutaurwa wemamongi wokutanga inogona kuwanikwa cadastres Kozelsk, chaiko kune ushe Borisa Godunova.

Pakutanga mashoko XVIII remakore Optina kuenda kuburikidza dzakaoma nokuda kuramba quitrent ezvinhu hondo yeSweden, uye kuvakwa St. Petersburg, uye muna 1724 rakanga kazhinji aparadza maererano nemitemo zvokunamata uye chokuita Mutsvene Kuchinja wemamonk, riri muguta pedyo Belyov. Makore maviri gare gare, musi mirairo Catherine II wemamongi rukaporeswa, uye kuvakwa machechi itsva yakatanga mundima yayo, urwo rwakatora kusvikira mukutanga ramakumi remakore.

Optina akava rimwe remasangano Russian Orthodox nzvimbo yomudzimu kubva kumativi ose kwaari rwakatambanudzwa Mapilgrim uye vanorwara, vamwe vacho vakagara wemamongi maiva muna 1821. Pamusoro okutambirwa mipiro yokugara vawana mapindu, chigayo.

Muna 1918, Optina yakavharwa maererano nomurau vanhu Commissars pamusoro RSFSR, uye muna 1939 panguva wemamongi varayirwa L. Beria akaronga kumusasa wevasungwa varwi Polish zviuru zvishanu uyo vakapfurwa gare gare muna Katyn. Kubva 1944 kusvika 1945. Heano musasa filtration navatariri Soviet vakanga vadzoka pakutapwa.

Optina nhasi

Chete muna 1987 hurumende yeSoviet zvaitambidzwa wemamongi panguva kurasa neChechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia. Kubvira zvakatanga chinoshingaira kudzorerwa wemamongi - zvose zvokunyama. Ideologist uye murongi mudare kudzorerwa wemamongi Optina - Elder Eri. Zviri nemhaka murume uyu akatangazve kubwinya wemamongi guru muzinda Orthodoxy uye outorwa. simba rayo yakasiyana uye runako temberi chinokwezva ezviuru uye vashanyi kubva pasi pose. At wemamongi vari 7 huripo machechi:

• Vvedensky Cathedral - temberi huru yaJehovha wemamongi;
• Chechi Ioanna Predtechi uye Baptist Johane mubhabhatidzi Skeet;
• Temple there. Ilariona Velikogo;
• Church of Kazan Icon of Amai vaMwari;
• Temple of Vladimir Icon of Amai vaMwari;
• Church of Chitarisiko yaJehovha;
• Temple of Amai vaMwari "Sporitelnitsa chingwa."

Peredelkino

musha zororo iri muna Peredelkino, Moscow Region. Pedyo railway - "Peredelkino" uye "Michurinets". Guta anozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda wemamongi uye mukuru Eria, uyewo kuti pane kamwe aigara uye aishanda nevanyori vakakurumbira uye vemifananidzo. Pakati pavo Aleksandr Fadeev, Bella Akhmadulina, Valentin Kataev, Bulat Okudzhava, uye Korney Chukovsky, uyo akapedza pano omoto ake yakakurumbira apo vaiva Rina Zelenaya, Arkady Raikin, Sergey Obraztsov. Heano imba-Museums Okudzhava, Pasternak, Chukovsky uye Yevtushenko.

How kusvika wemamongi?

Yandakapiwa Optina iri pedyo kuchiteshi "Peredelkino" uye "Kozelsk" kusvika nayo nechitima hakuzovi kwakaoma. Tiine Kiev kuchiteshi muMoscow nezvitima kuenda nenzira Kaluga kana Sukhinichi. Before Kozelsk uye kunogona kusvikwa nebhazi kubva Metro station "warm they Stan".

Varidzi motokari, akapa kuitika plethora dzakasiyana kufamba mugadziriro uye mepu, uyewo havazovi chero matambudziko kuwana gwara. Asi kana iwe kusvika wemamongi - hazvina runonyengera, sei kuenda mukuru Eria pamabiko - iri mubvunzo akasiyana zvachose. Usati akadonhera mugwagwa nokuda chinangwa ichi, zvinokosha kuziva pachine pamusoro zuva nezuva kumonasitiri, uyewo purogiramu chourongwa.

Kana zvichifadza Mwari

Vazhinji vanoda akataura Eri (Peredelkino) ari mutana. "Sei kuti uri munhu akwegura, uye kana achatora?" - Ndivo mibvunzo mikuru kuuya vechinamato. Chokwadi, Schema-archimandrite havazokwanisi kusangana zvose kutambura, asi sezvo vachiti mamongi dzeko, Mwari achida, musangano uchatorera nzvimbo. Kazhinji Elder Eri anotora pamberi kwemasikati muimba yokudyira, apo pamatafura vari akaronga kusvika, asi mutsetse kunoita kumativi matafura izvi. Kana vanhu vari kuita ruzha iri tungamidzana, kana nharo, iye pachake achava ngavapwe kana ayananiswe vakokwa.

maawa pedyo 16 okuberekwa murume kubviswa kuti zororo, uye pakudzoka, uye kana kuti zuva vachadzoka kuna Jehovha oga anoziva. Wemamongi ine yayo Internet zvekuvaka (www. Optina. Ru), apo ungawana kupi kuri Eri munhu uye kana mutana tichasimbiswawo inotevera kugamuchira.

Power yokunyengetera

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti munyengetero mukuru ane nekaviri simba, nokuti munyengetero vakambovhenekerwa. Runyerekupe ane nayo kuti kana aizoita kunamatira kuzorora kwemweya, mweya mutadzi anogona kutiza kubva hellish pakutapwa. Chiitiko chinoshamisa chakaitika muna Optina. Kamwe ari skit kuna Eri vakauya musoja ari zvakaipa akuvadzwa muBosnia, muChechnya. Vanachiremba havazivi sei kuponesa muchiuto uye haana kuda kuvhiyiwa, sezvo akanga chavanoziva, uye bara aiva millimeters shoma kubva pamwoyo. Elder Elijah Prayer kumanikidzwa kutenda chishamiso pavadzidzisi wakaora "Mwari Regai" - vakakuvadzwa murume akatangazve kuziva uye akasvinudza meso ake. Pashure pokuvhiyiwa varwi akatanga kupora.