Nhare kujeri Tobolsk, uye dzimwe Vhudzi mujeri inozivikanwa

Chero nhare mutirongo, pasinei kwokutanga vakadzikama uye zvakanaka maonero, sokuti tariro. mapeji Sad nhoroondo paaiva mugomba, rinoshandisirwa rose ake chitarisiko hachifadzi chirevo.

richikwidibira akanaka

Somuenzaniso, yakakurumbira French Castle Conciergerie muParis. Built somunhu dzokugara madzimambo, akanga ikava nhare mujeri. Uye pamwechete 1793 wemauto akawana mukurumbira sezvo mujeri kwazvo chisimba muFrance. vasungwa varo vaiva Marie Antoinette, Maksimilian Robesper, Emile Zola, Mata Hari. Uye kubva pakona munotarisira hazvina, sokugamuchira dzokugara madzimambo zvakaoma, anouya mupfungwa shoko "mujeri". Hwakawanda mienzaniso yakadaro: yakakurumbira Chateau d'Kana, uye Shongwe Dover - the kunozivikanwa Chirungu nhare mujeri panguva yakaitwa William Mukundi. Tower, akamira pamahombekombe Thames, ndiyo nhoroondo muzinda London. Munhau yacho, yaiva nhare uye muzinda, zvombo, chemindi Observatory. Asi kunzwisisa vanhu vakawanda - ndicho pazvakanga mujeri muLondon. List anogona recharge Castle Sant'Angelo muRoma pakati uye yeAustria "Bastille" Mukachevo Castle "Palanok" uye "okuMabvazuva dzora - Tashkent Central. Zvivako izvi zviri zvechokwadi akanaka, asi nokunaka kwavo murima uye kashoma chinokonzera rinofadza.

revatongi France

In okuti "mujeri nhare" chikuru izwi iri "mujeri," uye zvadaro "kiya". Kakawanda, zvivako izvi pakutanga basa yakasiyana basa, asi Castle muna Tobolsk kubva pakutanga akavaka ave mujeri. Naicho akanga kusvikira 1989, pazviri hwakatamisirwa Polar Urals mumaguta-mhando ugari Harp. Zvisinei, mamwe chikonzero, aisatarisira kusuruvara. Zvimwe zvose pamusoro ruvara? Tobolsk mujeri nhare (mufananidzo zvakabatanidzwa), kunyanya ayo musimboti France, kana kwete wall zvose zvingadai sechigaro yemitambo. Kana mumuzinda womunharaunda madzishe. Hongu, uye riri pakati peguta.

yakagozha mugomba

Asi, pasinei zvomene runako, ndicho chimwe pazvakanga majeri Russian uye kuSiberia - the cruelest. Pakati vasungwa zvakanga zvakakurumbira yakadzika nechokwadi chokuti zviri nani kuenda rakaoma, kupfuura Tobolsk "krytku" (wakafukidzwa mujeri), yaiva nomukurumbira kunyange nzvimbo yakaita rinokosha kurangwa. Paiva "inotonhora", "rima" uye makamera "nyoro" aiwanika zvose mumajere Russian. Asi vari nechimwe yakagozha chirango masero se "kupisa", "girazi", "humpback" uye "rima." Mune mumwe aigona chete kugara kana kurara pasi nokuda yakaderera ceilings, mu "girazi" - chete kumira rusvingo mu "inopisa" ndiro rakanga nejeri. Izvi Castle inozivikanwa kwayo inquisitorial kurwadziswa ( "kubenzi" uye "chair", "bhutsu" uye "cheni") mujeri. Inopa varangwe akadai riveting musungwa pamadziro kwenguva 5 years. Nezvisungo nevamwe vasungwa vakanga vasina bara kuti zvakachinja vanhu gait uye kuti kucherechedzwa. Anotiza akanga akatsunga pakarepo. Pano uye akacheka vasungwa avo neimwe nzira - chaizvo hafu musoro wakaveurwa. Izvi zvakaitwa kuti mhuka kamwe zvaigoneka kudzidza ndiani vakapukunyuka kubva mutorongo.

Chinhu chikuru inoshandiswa pakutsigira romukova

Tobolsk Central - kwetarisiro peji nhoroondo reguta, rakanga dzaifanoiswa inokosha angaratidza zhinji. Tobolsk vaida mutsva, mutorongo zvikuru wakapamhama. Uye muna 1838 kuSt Petersburg, chisarudzo pamusoro kuvakwa guta mujeri rino guru Castle. The chirongwa ari muridzi ne amachinda akitekiti Weigel. Kwakasarudzwa kupedza kuvaka 4 makore kubvira 1841-ndipo. Tenders pakuvaka uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvose mabasa kunze kuburikidza pepanhau iri guru, kusarudza nzvimbo uye akapiwa kuti mapurani rasplanirovka Suvorov. Nei akasanangurwa sezvo peguta, kureva kuchamhembe-yokumadokero kumucheto Cape Trinity? Chekutanga, nokuti nhamba enyika ichiwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuwedzera Tobolsk kunzvimbo kuutapwa akava chikuru kupfuura nemunyika pfungwa - kuerera ichienda nepagedhi reguta. Chechipiri, zviri pano, ari Tobolsk Kremlin, yakaumbwa somugumisiro wacho dismantling pakati chakasakara nhare norusvingo muna 1782 uye kuparadzwa pakati haruna kukoromoka yoUtatu Church muna 1791-M nzvimbo yakakodzera. Saka, yakaitwa chinhu pakarepo ikava mujeri nhare Tobolsk Kremlin. Zvino mukuru kukwezvana guta - ndiro zvakaoma chose zvivako iri Cape Utatu.

Siberian konekwa

chinhu chiyamuro nguva iri kunonoka, Weigel akachinjirwa Perm, ezvivako achinja uye paakasvika kwokupedzisira padariro gurukota titular uye akitekiti Chernenko. Nechekare akapedza parutivi mapapiro havasi kugutsikana kugamuchirwa komisheni dzakakwirira ceilings - vari akachinjwa. Inside mujeri yakavakwa yakawanda outbuildings, kusanganisira muchipatara aine mishonga uye musangano kuti kusona shangu. Papera chinguva, mukati kuvakwa, kwakasarudzwa kuvaka chechi. izvi zvose wononoka nguva nokutumwa. Uye musi wa25 November 1855 mujeri nhare (Tobolsk) nekereke payakafukidzwa vatsvene muzita Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Tichifambirana pamwe nguva

Arasikirwe chinhu ichi mu homwe 130 zviuru rubles nesirivha. The tirongo rakanga hombe - iri munharaunda yayo akaisa makamuri makuru kwazvo mana nokuda angaratidza, zvinotevera mberi pachikuva. mujeri iri kuvakwa maererano zvinodiwa nguva kunzvimbo chakadai - uye muchipatara pandakanzwa Commission uye bhekari. Nokufamba kwenguva, isu akazarura pano uye nechechi. Asi V. G. Korolenko, uyo akashanyira pano musungwa kaviri, akatsanangura zvinotyisa pamusoro yevasungwa centre munyaya yake "Yasha". Kunze kwake kwakanga N. Chernyshevsky F. Dostoevsky, M. Petrashevsky uye Solzhenitsyn, Fanny Kaplan.

zvinonyengera sightliness

The yose mujeri yakaoma ine zvivako zvishanu, izvo, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, pakaita asingadi akafanana mujeri. Uye mavakirwo (chivakwa rakapedzwa mukunopera Classical manyorerwo), kuti zvimwe nyaya vakashandisa chipauro "kwezvokufuka", uye ruvara pazviruva havafaniri nokuyera pamusoro veko zivo kuti chokwadi ndiye munhu mujeri nhare (Tobolsk). Photo rinoshandisirwa kubva pasi anopiwa mu akati mukubvuma.

Zvinhu yevasungwa vasungwa, sezvo dzatoona, vaiva kupfuura chisimba kuSiberia. Mujeri nemhirizhonga yakatanga kakawanda, remasangano dzaiva makore 1907 uye 1918.

rufu musungo

Chokwadi, paiva nhandare yaiuya vasungwa panguva paitonga Stalin udzvanyiriri yakazova nzvimbo vakawanda vaiurayiwa uye vakavigwa. Tobolsk yakaoma, sezvo vachiti vafemberi, akaita vakaunganidza guru mari kunaka simba, nokuti vasungwa Russian rinonzi "guva" nhare mujeri. Tobolsk ari aizivikanwawo nokuva muzinda padunhu, apo akaberekwa uye akararama Geogy Rasputin - munhu, mubereko usingabereki kunyangarika nezera. Kremlin muguta, muimba Ensemble kuti rinosanganisira mujeri nhare, vaiona parera kweSiberia - chete ibwe munhare ari Urals. Aivawo Kumukundi pamusoro pavaipfuura makwikwi "7 Zvinoshamisa Russia".

"Ngavarege kudaro kure" mu South Palmyra

Pakati establishments ine isiyo kutarisirwa mhando ichi rinoshanda, uye zvino Odessa mujeri nhare. Chikonzero chacho kuvaka ichiri chete - mukupera XIX remakore, nekaviri nhamba vasungwa. Chivako, yakavakwa mumugwagwa Lustdorf zvirokwazvo zvakanaka kuti kwasviba runako, izvo handivo chivako kujeri, kureva Vhudzi. Nzvimbo, yakatsaurirwa nezviremera guta, akatungamirirwa ipapo-Gavhuna George Marazli, yaiva pedo kumakuva yechiKristu. Construction akanga kuitwa Alexander O. Tomishko, yakavakwa yakakurumbira St. Petersburg mujeri "michinjikwa". Mujinga kwayo nokukiya waimiririra muchinjikwa, neshongwe nechepakati mukati. All yakashatiswa mumufambiro mana storey mapapiro vane mudzimba. Pamwe micheto zvivako izvi dzichengeterwe ndoga.

The tirongo rakanga ano, ane chipatara Kuvakira pamibhedha ane zana, vose zvakafanira mabasa, foundry uye zvichingodaro. Zvose izvi yakavakwa yepamusoro zvidhina. Muna 1895 kuParis, mujeri nhare uye Moscow zvave kuzivikanwa sezvo zvakanaka kuRussia. Paiva Leon Trotsky, George Kotovsky uye Mishka Jap.

chechi First, ipapo nejeri

Irkutsk mujeri nhare zvinoshamisa kuti, pakutanga nebwe rusvingo (1800) akatanga kuvaka kereke. It rakadzikwa pamusoro nechepakati suo uye vatsvene Bishop Benjamin muna 1803 vachikudza Boris uye Gleb. Ravakarivaka pamusoro mipiro yevanhu. Kereke aiva mutete chimiro uye zvakarurama kukura, shongwe bhero akapa chavarindi. muna 1857 kutanga kuvaka wenhare. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kare mvumo chirongwa Mayor I. I. Shats Akave nokuvandudza. Rakanga vataurira kuwedzera zvakafanira mabasa - dzokugezera, dzekubikira ari kwaida uwandu uye imba muchengeti. Chimwe Amendment inopa kuti zvimwe tsindirana kuvakwa vose zvivakwa, kwakasarudzwa kuvaka pauriri chivako chikuru, izvo akabvumira kwete kuvaka yoga imba muchengeti wechipiri. Uye kuvakwa huru mutumbi ibwe kwakatangwa muna 1958. Uye sezvo mujeri sharu pakarepo kuparadzwa, vasungwa vanombosunungurwa ukaiswa muimba chivakwa jira mufekitari akwegura uye akatanga kushandisa somunhu vechibharo pakuvaka wenhare, kunyange ane mari diki.

bhizimisi kusvika

Takavaka nhare mujeri pasi pose, vachibvumira kuziva uye akaisa pamwe yakanakisisa vashandi. Of vasungwa vakazopiwa akaanyora zvikwata nemazvo pamusoro nevavaki nevanodzima moto. Uye apo ose basa rakapedzwa muzhizha 1960, nzvimbo haina kuisa kushanda muna November 1961. Vasungwa vakanga vakatamira ikoko chete muna December 1861. Yakagadzirwa ne A. I. Losev, Castle iyi refu zvakurukurwa yakanaka kwazvo hofisi chivako Irkutsk. basa Construction akanga akatakurwa ikoko anenge dzose nguva - ipapo akavaka musangano kuti kusona zvipfeko yokunze, rakavakwazve chipatara building, maviri akazara-4 uye 3-storey pakuvaka Apartments nokuti mudonzvo uye Cantor. Kubvira 2006, miziyamu yakavhurwa ari kwakavakirwa ari insulator. Vasungwa dzakakurumbira vaiva F. E. Dzerzhinsky uye AV Kolchak. Zvayaiva kunze aripo mujeri kwezvinovharidzira mumba nhamba 63. gondo rinogona kuva chitima nhamba 4 uye nebhazi nhamba 64 uye 4k (kumisa Kazan musika).

Kukanganwa vanhu uye Mwari

Danilovsky mujeri nhare vava kusiyiwa uye kuparadzwa. Avaka 60s pamusoro XIX remakore sezvo mujeri reikoko, raishandiswa chinangwa chahwo kusvikira 1960. Zvadaro, muna zvivako wenhare utungamiriri Yaroslavl nharaunda dzakavakwa dzokuchengetera nokuda Civil Defense, liquidated muna 2000. Zvino matongo vari muganhu weguta Danilov. Prison Castle muna Cherni Tula mudunhu rakavakwa mapurani A. Meyngardom mumakore 1849-1855. Mujeri raiva duku, mbiri-nyaya, naye akanga chechi diki. Asi muHondo Yenyika II yakaparadzwa zvachose, kunyange mapikicha akaramba diki.

Chikamu cheguta racho nhoroondo

Uyewo ine nhare mujeri Chembara (1948 - Belinsky). Riri munzvimbo Penza mudunhu. Chivako ichi kwave kuchiita zvinoshamisa metamorphosis. Yakavakwa mumakore 1854-1856 pamusoro pamusika, hazvina hwaponeswa uye ikozvino. Sezvo 1985, uye kusvikira ichangopfuura zvakanzi raiva Vana Art House, sezvo vasati - chesekondari. Pashure pokuchinja, dombo rusvingo simba chakabvaruka pasi, uye miviri-storey chivako akapiwa nhamba yechikoro 1. Asi mujeri vaiva pevhu uye kurwadziswa makamuri. Munguva ichangopfuura, imba yacho akaisa pamusoro okisheni, asi veruzhinji aikumbira vakuru nokuda kwebasa rinofanira Chivako pamazita vanovengwa yetsika nhaka guta. Asi chaizvoizvo, chivako anenge 160 nemakore, kufarira munhoroondo kuvaka naye unoshambadzirana rechipiri chikwata K. A. Shugaevym chechi iconostasis. Iye akarivaka nemari yake pakuyeuka vabereki vake.