Nenyuchi: Nyuchi dzinotsanangurwa, tsanangudzo, maitiro, kuchengeta nyuchi

Species nenyuchi (Apoidea) pane rakakura chitsama. Chete ari European chikamu yaimbova Soviet Union kune vanopfuura chiuru. Asi, chokwadi, kufarira vanhu chimwe chete howa - uchi nyuchi (APIs mellifera).

Vakasarudzwa kupfuura zvibereko maberekero zvipembenene vanhu avo kare. Zvakaguma kwaita vazhinji siyana dzemarudzi honeybees. Mumwe nomumwe wavo zvinokurudzirwa kudyara mune imwe nzvimbo ine yakakodzera okunze.

A zvishoma nhoroondo: rudzi nyuchi uye dzavo unhu yokutanga

The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo of Hymenoptera vaiona Middle East, Europe uye Africa. The Resettlement of nyuchi mune dzimwe nyika vanhu zvainoita akapotsa vasina. Akatsunga kushandisa simbi zvinhu zvakadai okunze shanduko, fauna of uye kasvisto. Somugumisiro shanduka kusarudzwa - pamusoro nguva, tinongonzwa - kwaiva nevamwe chinyakare dzemarudzi nyuchi. Modern nyuchi vanovati marudzi. Mumwe akadaro boka uye akashanda pokutangira kusika kufadza zvibereko dzaichengetwa mhuka. "Attachment" kuti chaiyo nzvimbo - ndizvo anonyanya dzinoratidzwa nezvipembenene dzakadai nyuchi. Rora, wongororo izvo kupfuura zvakanaka, kazhinji regionalized. Kazhinji, kunyange zita mhando kunoitika kubva munzvimbo umo akanga hwokurara. Vari kuendeswa, chero mhuri fekitari chinowanzoitika kurasikirwa mu yauinayo.

Chii dzinoita vari akaberekwa muna Russia

In nyika yedu, kuchengeta nyuchi iri kuita nguva refu. Saka, mhando "kushanda vakadzi" farmed mikoko, kune vazhinji. Heano kupfuura yakakurumbira rudzi nyuchi muRussia:

• Caucasian gomo;

• Kranjska;

• Buckfast;

• Carpathian;

• Ukrainian;

• inowanzorimwa;

• Central Russian.

Vamiririri Miti izvi zvose - inobereka zvibereko zvikuru uye iwane nyuchi. Rora Nyuchi ingasiyana pamusoro zvakasiyana chikonzero. Nokuti chii, uye kutarisa inotevera.

On chii chikonzero chimwe erudzi zvinogona kupatsanurwa pane vamwe

Chaizvoizvo nyuchi Zvipembenene anonzi mhuri Hymenoptera unopinza rumborera uye yendarama dumbu akafukidza neshamhu dema. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe erudzi neimwe inogona kusiyaniswa anotevera zvinhu:

• kureba proboscis;

• uremu uye kukura;

• ine ruvara;

• unhubu kuti;

• roylivosti;

• chirwere nemishonga.

Central Russian nyuchi: mukuru tsananguro

erudzi Izvi akaberekwa muna Russia kwese. Hazvina nevakawanda kusanganisira kuSiberia. Akauya naye pano muna 1792 kubva Bashkiria Colonel NF Arshenevsky. Pashure paizvozvo, nyuchi idzi zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kugadzirisa yose kuSiberia. Muzana remakore rapfuura, chitarisiko Bashkir kwemarudzi haana kuchinja. Srednerusskaya rudzi nenyuchi ane zvinotevera unhu:

• proboscis 5.9-6.4 mm;

• guru kwazvo (rimwe zuva nyuchi hunorema vanenge 110 g);

• ruvara rima - kubva vatema pakadzika kuchena, pasina yellowing;

• zvakasimba Kupindura zviwane uye ruvengo kuti;

• propensity kuwanda;

• chirwere kuramba nokutsungirira.

Betsero dze Central nyuchi Russian

To musi, erudzi urwu runoonekwa kuti munyika yedu ndiyo zvibereko. Yokutizira Central Russian nyuchi inogona kuunza guru yakawanda uchi. Kuti erudzi urwu Somuenzaniso, ane zvinyorwa muunganidzwa pamwe fireweed - makirogiramu 328 pagore mhuri.

Kugona painlessly uchatamisa bezobletny 7-8 mwedzi kuhwanda nguva - mumwe mukana chinosiyanisa nyuchi idzi. Rora nyuchi, Sezvambotaurwa, pachavo tama chaizvo kashoma. Nokuti nechepakati Russia handizvo. Uyu ndiwo mumwe chisingawanzowaniki kwemarudzi zvinogona kuparadzira pamusoro munzvimbo huru pasina kupindira kwevanhu.

Zvinosuruvarisa, nhasi Central Russian nyuchi venyuchi vari kuteerera yakawandisa. Uye pasina. Izvi chaizvoizvo yakanakisisa rudzi nenyuchi dziri munharaunda Russia. Its kunyatsoshanda mukuru, kutapata kune zvirwere, kutsungirira - zvose izvo zvinogona kuita apiyari yenyu zvakawanda Mari-vanobudirira pane kumaodzanyemba maberekero mhando.

Ukrainian inowanzorimwa: tsananguro

Sei chaizvo akaita erudzi urwu haisi kuzivikanwa kuti munhu. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti wokuUkraine inowanzorimwa nyuchi - chiri kumaodzanyemba Bazi Central. Vamwe vanoti kuti hama Carpathians kana Kranjska. Asi kuti zvingaita sezvakadaro, wokuUkraine inowanzorimwa hwakasiyana zvimwe mhando nyuchi zvose nechitarisiko uye magariro zvinhu nyore zvinogona voga chinhu yoga erudzi. Ndezvipi zvakaitwa muna 1929, masayendisiti A. S. Skorikovym.

The chikuru chinosiyanisa zviri wokuUkraine inowanzorimwa vari:

• proboscis 6.34-6.64 masendimita refu;

• asi yakakwirira uremu (105 g);

• rima pfumbu ruvara pasina yellowing;

• kwete yakakwirira chaizvo dhigirii chezvakaipa kuti;

• yakaderera propensity kuwanda;

• nemishonga zvirwere uye achishivirira kuti shoma tembiricha.

Zvakanakira nekuipira Ukrainian inowanzorimwa nyuchi

Zvakanakira erudzi urwu, kunze kutsungirira, zvinosanganisira matunhu zvibereko uye basa kuchengetedza matendere adzo vasaba uchi zvimwe nezvipembenene. Wokubereka, nyore kubva predroevogo mamiriro, pfungwa kuramba mumukoko yakanaka yokuchena - chimwe chinhu chakasiyana wokuUkraine inowanzorimwa nyuchi. Rora nyuchi kusiyanisa nouchi chokubuda ezvinhu. Ukrainian inowanzorimwa iyi muduku dzimwe mhuka. Pakati zvazvakanakira vari zvikurukuru kuti anokwanisa kuunganidza nekita chete kubva zvinomera rurefu zviri shuga (18%).

Carpathian nyuchi: zviratidzo rudzi

Miti iyi zvakare dzinoratidzwa yose yakatarwa kwezvoupfumi uye zvipenyu maitiro. The nokudzidza vatanga muna 1966 pasi kutanga kuna Professor selhozakademii navo. Timiryazeva GA Avtisyana. Dzinoratidzwa Carpathian rudzi nyuchi dzinotevera chikuru zvinhu:

• zvikuru refu proboscis 6.3-7 M;

• Mikuru (kusvika 110 g);

• pfumbu mudumbu;

• rugare-rudo;

• kwete kukwirira propensity kuwanda;

• hama kuramba zvirwere uye kusava kuti shoma tembiricha.

Carpathian nyuchi ainge pane dzimwe dzinoita, zera kutanga kuunganidza nekita. Honey, izvi tupukanana anodhinda "pakaoma" nzira.

Vamwe nguva kare, venyuchi anokosha Breeders ruchikonzera mhando Carpathian nyuchi akanga akatunhidzwa - Moscow. mhuka boka iri Weight zuva unogona kusvika 120? g makara rudzi nenyuchi Moscow ane rakajeka silvery.

Zvakanakira nekuipira kuti Carpathian rudzi

Zvakanakira nenyuchi vaigara mezvikomo pakati Carpathians, zvinosanganisira matunhu zvibereko, kutsungirira uye rugare hunhu. Kusiyana nevamwe vazhinji, erudzi urwu anokwanisa kuunganidza yakawanda uchi, kunyange miti pamwe yakaderera shuga kugutsikana. Zvazvakashatira nenyuchi iri tsika kuba, ungaderedza kugadzirwa namo uye asina hanya nemafungiro wakisi chitemamachira. Kunyange zvakadaro, nokuda kudunhu zvibereko, Carpathian uye Moscow - Vakawanda rudzi nyuchi mu Russia.

Kranjska nyuchi

Miti iyi inoumbwa pamapani ari Alps. Yakanga kubva paya vakaenda Carpathian nyuchi. In mwaka edu erudzi urwu ndicho chatinonyanya zvoupfumi ukoshi. Its zvinhu nevamwe zvinhu vari:

• kwete proboscis yakarebesa (6.9 mm);

• kumbonyanya guru uremu (110 g);

• pfumbu ane sirivha Sheen, dema kana brownish Ruvara mudumbu;

• rugare hunhu;

• asi yakakwirira propensity kuwanda;

• yechando hardiness uye kuramba zvirwere.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, rudzi kunoratidzwa mangwanani chitubu kukura. Nyuchi kuunganidza nekita vanogona pagungano kukwira pamusoro 1500 metres pamusoro pegungwa.

Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira pamusoro Kranjska nenyuchi

Zvakanakira erudzi urwu zvinosanganisira yakakwirira basa riri simba uchi muunganidzwa, kukwanisa kukurumidza chinja kubva yakaipisisa yakanakisisa zvirimwa kuti dzakashandisa utsinye mamiriro ekunze, mari kunwa wezvokudya muchando. The chikuru drawback pamusoro Carpathian rudzi oga propensity kuwanda anonzi kudzivirira simba pamusoro matendere from kuba.

Features rora Buckfast

Rudzi nenyuchi, tsananguro wakapiwa kumusoro, unogona kuva cultured munenge munyika dzose dziri munyika. Buckfast - rudzi zvibereko, asi kunyanya kutonhora nemishonga. Saka, zvakakodzera kuti kurimwa munzvimbo huru chete kumaodzanyemba okunze. Raparurwa spachiana ichi raiva 20s remakore rapfuura mumongi Carl Kerhle kuburikidza pokuyambuka rokuItari, Anatolian, Macedonian, muIjipiti uye nechiGiriki dzinoita. The chikuru zvinoratidza zvaidiwa nyuchi Buckfast vari:

• proboscis pakati kureba;

• rinorema uremu (115 g);

• dzakafanana yero mashava ruvara;

• runyararo;

• avhareji propensity kuwanda;

• chirwere kuramba (zvikurukuru akarapidozom) uye aikanganiswa shoma tembiricha.

Nyuchi erudzi urwu zvakanyatsonaka vakachenesa marara uye mikoko inogona kubhururuka nekuti fufuro pamusoro madaro marefu.

Zvakanakira nekuipira

Vose Western European rudzi nenyuchi Buckfast ndiyo zvibereko. Uyezve, nyuchi siyana izvi fecundity uye yakakwirira kuchinjika kuti kuchinja mamiriro dzezvakatipoteredza. Zvazvakaipira zvinosanganisira zvikurukuru vakaderera kuti hardiness. Kana ruminant kuchamhembe mudunhu Russia kuti mikoko izvi nyuchi inofanira kudziya.

Mountain Caucasian nyuchi: huru unhu

Chii rudzi nenyuchi akaberekwa kumaodzanyemba nyika yedu asi? Caucasian gomo anogara kunyanya pamakomo eArarati, Georgia uye Azerbaijan. In nyika yedu, izvozvo rakasanganiswa muna Krasnodar uye Stavropol Territory. Its chikuru zvinoratidza zvinhu ndeinotevera:

• proboscis 6.7-7.25 mm;

• kwete yakawandisa body mass (90 g);

• sirivha-wachena ruvara pasina yeyero chitin inclusions;

• propensity duku kuwanda;

• kwete kukwirira nemishonga zvirwere, kusava kuti chando.

Nyuchi erudzi urwu havadi dampness. Saka, muna mikoko vaifanira kuronga kufefetedza zvakanaka. In kutonhora mwaka, mhando iyi nyuchi inogona kuchengeta kwete migwagwa yechando, asi kunze.

Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira vachena Caucasian erudzi

Zvakanakira rudzi urwu renyuchi pakutanga ndiye anokwanisa vatore yakawanda uchi, kunyange zvirimwa kuti ine zvishoma shuga. Kufuta mu mumukoko zvinogona makirogiramu anosvika 1,5 pazuva. Uyewo munhu ndinoiitawo Gray Caucasian erudzi anoonekwa kukwanisa zvakanaka mhuri kudzivirira matendere uye yakakwirira zvibereko namo.

Zvazvakashatira marudzi ichi nyuchi dzinorondedzera zvikurukuru kwete nemishonga zvakanaka chaizvo kuti chirwere. Nokuti avo vari mikoko nenyuchi nyuchi vanofanira kuva kusika zvikuru takasununguka ezvinhu. Tichienzanisa Ukrainian inowanzorimwa uye nechepakati Russia, erudzi urwu haisi chaizvo kuregerera yakaderera tembiricha. Ndicho chikonzero zvakakodzera dzakawanda kuti ruminant chete kumaodzanyemba dziri nyika. Uyewo, nyuchi idzi havachavimbi dzimwe mhando dzakawanda uchi tichitarisa goho panguva pamatunhu fufuro.

The chikuru zvibereko nyuchi

The chikuru mukana zvose mhando pamusoro apa Zvechokwadi, muprista yauinayo. Chii chinorehwa iri? Huru zvigadzirwa kunyuchi uchi, wakisi uye namo. Uyezve, tupukanana aya akaberekwa ari apiaries kuti vawane inokosha chaizvo youmambo mondo, mukume uye nyuchi uturu.

ehupfumi uchi

The chikuru yemudzimu nyuchi ane chaizvo kunzwisisa makemikari anoumba. Uchi somushonga, bactericidal uye Mishonga zvivako. zvachiri kuvimba zvinhu zvakawanda: rudzi nyuchi, yemiti, okunze, etc. Zvichienderana uchi ichi kunogona zvakasiyana mvura kugutsikana, makemikari anoumba, ruvara, mwero crystallization, etc .....

Mhando chigadzirwa ichi, pane dzakawanda:

• mvura kwazvo (apila, nemiakasia);

• mvura (Buckwheat, madota);

• gobvu (voikukka);

• namira (honeydew);

• mondo (Bhari).

Uchi rinoshandiswa zvokudya, uye zvizoro mushonga. It rinoshandiswa makeke uye pastries, yaakaita kushandisa kwainoita Anti-kukwegura mumakenduru, gels uye shampoos. In mushonga, chigadzirwa ichi dzinowanzotsigi- kushandiswa kwokungosimbisa masoja emuviri uye Anti-anogumbura mumiririri. Uyezve, uchi zvakare dzinongoitika mushonga.

ukoshi wakisi

Izvi chigadzirwa mu mumukoko anoita mabasa maviri: kudzivirira nyuchi kubva kuunyoro kuvhara dzavo chitin goko, uye anoshumira zvokuvakisa masero. Kufanana uchi, wakisi angava akasiyana ruvara uye sezvamunoita. Shandisa chigadzirwa ichi chinokosha munzvimbo zhinji upfumi: iri redehwe indasitiri, chiedza indasitiri, zvokudya, uye kunyange pakati simbi uye ndege indasitiri. Imwe huru nzvimbo chikumbiro ndiko mushonga. Wakisi inoshandiswa mukurapa zvirwere ganda, sezvo vanga kuporeswa uye Anti-anogumbura mumiririri.

Chii namo?

Ichi chimwe chigadzirwa vakawana pamusoro dilution rezvipembenene zvakadai nyuchi. Rora nyuchi dziri rakawanda, uye ivo vose kubudisa chinobatsira namo. Inotaurwa chaiwo namira nerima mune ruvara. Nyuchi kurishandisa kunama makatsemuka ari mumukoko. The ruvara uye kunhuhwirira nefuma unotsamira zvikurukuru worudzii uchi zvirimwa zvikure pedyo napedyo kusvika apiyari. Namo inogona shava kana dema. Ose zvinokurisa - mavhitamini, amino acids uye chiya chisingadiwi zvinhu - chigadzirwa ichi chine rakakura chitsama.

The kushandiswa nevakawanda nyuchi guruu inowanikwa mushonga. Rayo rubatsiro vaitire eczema nezvimwe zvirwere ganda, gastritis, peptic urikanwi, colitis uye t. D.

youmambo mondo

zvichida ndicho chigadzirwa chinokosha pamusoro nyuchi. Mukaka kushandiswa kudyisa Zvipembenene uterine mazana mumatanho ose kukura. Zviri zvipenyu rinodhaka simba chaizvo, zvinosanganisira vakawanda zvinoriumba. The kwemashoko mondo afanane anovava ruomba uye ane chena ruvara.

nyuchi ichi zvigadzirwa zvinobatsira kunonyanya kuti chokwadi chokuti anokwanisa chaizvo kuwedzera kutapata ari munhu. Mukaka yaishandiswawo pakurapa tsinga zvirwere, kushaya mbereko uye kusabetsera, normalization kufurirwa, richikwidibira ropa shuga, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Mukume uye nyuchi hwenyoka

Akadana ambrosia mukume, tupukanana unganidzwa zvakamirira muchando. Kuravidza chigadzirwa ichi chinoratidza rye chingwa. In perge sezvo namo, rine yakawanda amino acids, mavhitaminzi uye zvicherwa. Uye kuzvigaya zvose pa 100%. The chikuru nzvimbo kushandiswa mukume mushonga uye cosmetology.

uturu Bee muri rinokosha rakavapo secretory basa iri muviri Tupukanana. Zviri pachena, Hauoneki mvura ine panzvimbo inofadza kunhuwa. makemikari anoumba Its haasi aizvinzwisisa kusvikira ikozvino. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuparadza vanhu vanogona kuva 500 zvipembenene ikaruma panguva imwe chete. In zviduku kwazvo sezvo nyuchi hwenyoka anogona kushandiswa sezvo Anti-anogumbura uye inorwisa utachiona mumiririri.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Bee marudzi, akaberekwa muna Russia, kune vazhinji. Vazhinji vavo vanoonekwa ne kumusoro yauinayo. Rutoto Central Russian, kuUkraine, wachena gomo nyuchi uye dzimwe mhando kukurukurwa kumusoro kunogona kuva nemabhizimisi zvechokwadi, kuunza tenzi wake nemari yakanaka, uye upfumi - zvaioneka zvikomborero.