Nei Mabhakitiriya with rinokosha hwaJehoshafati hunhu mhenyu?

All zvipenyu zviri pasi redu pamutemo nesayenzi inogona dziya muzvikwata huru dzakawanda zvinosanganisira zvakasiyana-siyana kwemarudzi uye subspecies. Nei Mabhakitiriya with rinokosha kudenga? To ichi pane zvikonzero, akabvumira masayendisiti kushandisa zvakafanana kupatsanura. Regai Ndicho iwe uye ndichaita nyaya yacho.

mapoka maviri

Nei Mabhakitiriya with rinokosha kudenga? Mhinduro iri nyore: zvose zvipenyu zviri redu inogona kupatsanurwa pamadiro kupinda maviri makuru mapoka: prokaryotes uye eukaryotes. In wechipiri unosanganisira howa pamwe nemhuka - zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvinenge.

First kwemabhakitiriya anomiririrwa dzakawanda (uyewo tsianovodoroslyami pamwe nemaziso notumwe). Vamiririri boka rokutanga vane misiyano inokosha, vachibvumira utachiona kuti govera chaiwo venyama, nevamwe vavo kubva zororo. Nei kwemabhakitiriya with rinokosha kudenga? Musiyano wei vakasiyana nevamwe-shanduka?

Musiyano mukuru, kana nei utachiona with rinokosha kudenga?

Musiyano mukuru, ichiita kuti vaite rimwe kupatsanura yakadaro: prokaryote haana neerekitironi chiripo dzeraundi DNA zvakananga kupinda cytoplasm (ainzi kushingaira chidimbu chacho nucleoid). In eukaryotes, Ukuwo, chinoumba iine zvakajeka uye nenhaka Data vanoparadzaniswa kubva cytoplasm zvemabhomba dzavo. Saka, tinoona kuti utachiona vari rakasiyana nemamwe zvipenyu kuti vanogara Earth, avo zvemukati marongerwo.

Uyezve, vazhinji vamiririri vemamwe umambo matatu - nemhuka zvinomera uye howa - zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvisikwa. Uye zvinenge utachiona zvose unicellular.

Uyezve zvinhu

Pane mamwe zvikonzero kunzwisisa nei utachiona voga chaiyo kudenga.

• Sezvo prokaryotes havasi makirisito, hapana chinhu chakadai mitosis. Ivo bereka nyore weboka masero hafu.
• In eukaryotes, yakakura ribosomal vari organelles: ari mitochondria uye sero nzvimbo uye endoplasmic reticulum. A basa kwemabhakitiriya Kamudzira organelles akatakurwa mesosoma - protuberances mu plasma Kamudzira, uye ribosomes - duku non-Kamudzira organelles.
• masero Prokaryotic iri shoma zvikuru pane kuti eukaryotes (dhayamita - vanenge 10 kakapetwa vhoriyamu - vanenge chiuru).

Kufanana mapoka maviri

Zvisinei, vamiririri mapoka ose akafanana ari maumbirwo yavo. The mumasero dzavamwe vapenyu muviri zvine: Chokutanga, plasma Kamudzira, uye chepiri kuti cytoplasm, Chechitatu, ribosomes. mutemo uyu unoshanda vamiririri vose varipo vari mamiriro ushe.

kusiyana

Saka, isu makasimbisa sei kwemabhakitiriya with rinokosha hwaJehoshafati zvipenyu. A umambo zvechokwadi zvikuru, uye rinosanganisira kusiyana yakafara tichibatanidza archaea uye eubacteria, nemaziso notumwe uye cyanobacteria. Under yanhasi utachiona sayenzi vakanzwisisa duku Utachiona, prokaryotes, ayo kuburikidza cellular marongerwo (saizi - 0.1-30 microns) inozivikanwa.

zvisikwa izvi zvinoonekwa nemaziso, pasina rubatsiro chaiwo Manyiminya mano, zviri mumuviri hazviiti. Haasi masanga kuti nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa maikorosikopu mudziyo, uye kunyange vamwe nguva pashure mamwe Zvinovheneka sayenzi (ichi zvinosanganisira Somuenzaniso, uye yakakurumbira Karl Linney) akaramba ariko yezvakaita izvi zvinenge anokosha zvikuru, Kutaura kwavo mutambo pakati fungidziro. Pari, masayendisiti akadzidza chete anenge maviri nehafu chiuru mhando umambo uhwu. Asi zvakawanda zvichiri pachena - harusati anozivikanwa siyana. Kudzidza utachiona siyana munyaya imwe bazi sayenzi - zvidukuduku. Iye rinoongorora kupfuura vakawanda vaigara yedu, izvo usingaonekwi chinoabatsira.