Mutongi ndiye mutauro weSlavic wevakuru vehurumende

Izwi rokuti "... mutongi weZvose-Russian, Moscow, Kiev ..." inozivikanwa kune vakawanda uye yakasimba yakabatana nezvidzidzo zvehupenyu. Zvechokwadi, yakanga iri nemashoko aya iyo zita revatongi veRussia rakatanga.

Zvinoreva uye mhedzisiro yezwi

Mutongi wacho ari mukushandura kubva muchiGiriki "autocrat" (αύτοκράτωρ) uye muchimiro chayo zvinoreva kusimbiswa nesimba risingaverengeki romutongi wenyika. Mutungamiri wehurumende akadaro panguva imwe chete yebumbiro rezvemitemo, gurukota rezvemitemo uye rekutonga uye harisi muzviito uye zvisarudzo kana neparamende kana nevashumiri.

Izwi rokuti "autocrat" rakashandurwa rikava chigaro cheumambo panguva yeIvan III yeChiedza, iyo muna 1493, apo tsvimbo dzokupedzisira dzaive pasi peMoscow Rus kune simba reMongol-Tatars dzakabvarurwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma umambo hwakakura, uye mazita acho akawedzerwa kune zita rezvinyorwa zvakapetwa - White, Novgorod, Kiev nevamwe.

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, zita reMambo weRussia rakabata hafu yepepa remazuva ano, uye zvakatora maminitsi matatu kuti azvitaure. Pasinei nokuti zvakaitika shure kwezvakaitika muna 1905 nyika yaiva neparamende, Czar wokupedzisira Nicholas II Romanov akaenderera mberi kunzi "Emperor the Autocrat of All Russia ...".

Derivation analysis

Kubva pakuona kwezvesayenzi yemutauro, mutongi ndiye zita rechimiro, mhuka, zita. Iine midzi miviri semashoko akadai semutengi wechitanhatu, mutauro, Old Old Russian nevamwe.

Paanenge achitaura shoko, zvikamu zvinotevera zvinoumbwa:

Nokudaro, kuongororwa kwezvikamu izvi kunotibvumira kuziva kuti shoko rokuti "autocrat" ndiro zita rine zvinoreva "mutongi wega wega".

Synonyms

Munguva yedu izwi iri risina basa, uye iwe unogona kuzviwana chete mumabhuku ezvinyorwa. Zvisinei, simba roumambo munyika rakachengetedzwa uye rakapararira munyika mbiri dzeEurope uye mune zvishoma zvishoma zvakabudirira zveEast uye Africa. Vatongi mavari vanodanwa zvakasiyana - mambo, sultan kana mambo. Mune mabhuku (zvikurukuru mune zvenhau), mamwe mazwi anoshandiswa, ayo, chaizvoizvo, akafanana neshoko rokuti "autocrat". Ndiyo mambo, mutongi, mukuru wehurumende, akapfekedzwa korona, unanimous, porphyry-mutakuri, mutongi, mutongi mukuru, mutongi.

Aya mazwi anoshandiswa, sekutonga, kureva nzvimbo yemunhu muhurumende. Asi pfungwa dzakadai se "despot" uye "mutongi" dzinowanzoshandiswa. Nokudaro, mafungiro akaipa haana kuratidzwa kune munhu chaiye, asi kune pfungwa chaiyo yesimba.