Muchitokisi Kamudzira yayo yomuzvarirwo basa

Parizvino, nokuti vanhu vakawanda izvozvo hapana chakavanzika kuti membranes tiri chinhu chinokosha munzvimbo mutemo nokukanganisika pezvakaitwa muchitokisi. Nokuda zvoutachiona membranes anotsigirwa munyika homeostasis mukati muchitokisi. Cell Kamudzira vysokoizberatelno vanogadzirisa kumhanya kupinda-siyana zvoutachiona yeimwe kupinda muchitokisi, uyewo nzira kubva makemikari uye transporters. Uyezve, mamiriro ichi ane yakaoma utachiona kunzwisisa chinopa maonero, kuchinja uye kuchinjwa mashoko kubva nharaunda kupinda muchitokisi.

Sero Kamudzira marongerwo iyo rinokutadzisa masero uye subcellular organelles (lysosomes, mitochondria, Golgi midziyo , etc.). Sero rimwe nerimwe riri RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA hurongwa membranes zvakavakwa ne tubular, mabhegi uye dzehondo. The chaivo Kamudzira - the matete (60-70%) glycoprotein uye lipoprotein hunhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusakuvadzwa uye chirimwa masero , kusiyana nemhuka havakwanisi kuchinja chimiro chavo sezvo vari takapoteredzwa gobvu muchitokisi rusvingo. Cell Kamudzira chirimwa muviri ine polysaccharides, mabhakitiriya monosaccharides, amino shuga, lipids uye amino acids.

Sechivako muchitokisi membrane.

The chikuru zvinoumba muchitokisi membranes vari lipids (60-70%) - phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin uye remafuta akawandisa. Remafuta akawandisa wanamatira zvipenyu Kamudzira Rigidity, saka Kamudzira duku Kuwanda remafuta akawandisa kupfuura kwakavharwa nenyama. Kamudzira mapuroteni dzinoturwa lipoprotein uye glycoprotein zvivako (30-35%). Cell Kamudzira duku shoma rinewo makabhohaidhiretsi sorutivi glycoproteins, glycolipids uye glycosaminoglycans (5-10%). Sechivako muchitokisi membranes uye zvidukuduku yeimwe (nucleic acids, antioxidants, inorganic ions, coenzymes, etc.). Plasma Kamudzira zvine chokuita uye chinokosha pamwe intracellular membranes ari endoplasmic reticulum (reticulum). The sezvamunoita zvinosanganisira reticulum Kamudzira granular uye agranular endoplasmic reticulum, izvo zviparadzanise nzvimbo yomukati mugomba muzvizhinji foni nezvikamu. Zvinokosha zvikuru muna mutemo intracellular chokufambisa kuti zvinhu uye chokubuda metabolic kwendangariro.

Mashandiro muchitokisi membrane.

Cell membranes zvinopa chipingamupinyi basa, izvo kunooneka pacharo muchimiro zvokusarudza, vaidzora muviri pamwe zvakatipoteredza. Kuburikidza permeability vanosarudza muchitokisi anogona kupinda chete zvinhu imwe saizi.

Biomembrane senga basa rinopa kuchinjwa zvinovaka muviri kupinda muchitokisi uye kubviswa okupedzisira metabolites kwazviri. Sero Kamudzira zvinobatanidzwa Pakuchengeta Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ph. yeimwe idzo dzisina vanokwanisa muchinjikwa bilipidny layer ivo kwazviri kuburikidza wakananga inotakura mapuroteni, uye kubudikidza endocytosis. The pusa mhando transprorta zvinhu muzvitokisi zvinosanganisira diffusion. The vanoshingaira senga pamusoro zvinhu rinoitwa pamwe kutora chikamu potassium-yavaibvisa pombi.

Matrix Kamudzira basa kunokonzerwa zvimwe interposition uye dzidziso pamusoro Kamudzira mapurotini. Rinokosha mukuita kuti zvemaziso mabasa vane muchitokisi masvingo, uye mhuka - intercellular fuma. The Kanotokonya basa rinoitwa nokuda pamberi anokosha mapuroteni kuti vemunyika kuti sero membrane.

The enzymatic basa zvoutachiona membranes chokuita Kamudzira mapurotini uye makemikari. Somuenzaniso, mashoko yeplasma membranes masero epithelial (epithelial mumasero ari ura) ane zvomudumbu makemikari.