Mononuclear anopa: mienzaniso, marudzi. Mononuclear rekuremekedza mutongo mienzaniso

Maererano nemarongerwo, mutongo - ichi ndechimwe inokosha vamapoka mutauro. It kunoratidzwa kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye intonational kukwana uye hazvo zvivakamutauro hwaro. In mutauro wokuRussia predicative chawo anogona kuva mumwe kana miviri nhengo anokosha.

Pfungwa imwe-remubatanidzwa zvinowanika

Mhando chete-sezvamunoita vaitaura vane ziso mienzaniso kuenzanisira ari yokungotaura zvinhu mu "nemarongerwo" yomutauro wokuRussia.

Syntactic maumbirwo ane chawo zvinosanganisira nyaya uye Predicate, akadana-chikamu maviri. Somuenzaniso: Handifariri chinouraya mugumisiro (VS Vysotsky).

Vaitaura inobva rine mumwe mukuru nhengo dzinonzi mumwe-chidimbu chete. mitsara vakadaro vane zvakakwana uye havadi wechipiri achitungamirira izwi. Zvinoitika kuti zviri zvayo kuvapo hazvitomboiti (mu rekuremekedza mitsara). Mabasa ounyanzvi vari kwazvo aiwanzoshandisa mononuclear rinopa mienzaniso kubva mabhuku: MP huma pamusoro girazi hwindo (Mayakovsky). Hapana nyaya, asi zviri nyore kudzorera :. "I" The smallness rima (K.K.Sluchevsky). The zvakataurwa haaiti uye haagoni kuva pasi.

Colloquially nyore mononuclear anopa kwakakurumbira zvakakwana. Mienzaniso yavo kushandisa kuratidza izvi: - Where kuenda? - At kufirimu.

Mononuclear vaitaura akakamurwa mifananidzo:

1. denominative (pamwe mujinga pasi).

2. Pamusoro hwaro Predicate:

• pachako;
• usiri.

Parts ezvirevo kunzwisisa inogona mononuclear zvinowanika. Mienzaniso: Hatidi vanoti gungwa yakanaka hapana munyika; mumwe nomumwe wedu, chero uye inotapira divi rayo (V.G.Rasputin). zvakagadzirwa uyu kunzwisisa mutongo kunosanganisira zvitatu nyore: 1 - chimwe-chidimbu zvakanaka-private, 2 - mononuclear chisiri munhu, 3 - maviri-chikamu.

Zvakakosha kuongorora mononuclear siyana vaitaura mienzaniso, kunyanya kumiririrwa mu mabhuku mabasa. Izvi zvichaita kuti kuronga mufananidzo kupfuura yakakwana nemarongerwo kwakadaro.

Vaitaura kuti

Hwaro nominative vaitaura - chete nyaya. Zvakasiyana siyana okuti: emazita ari nominative nyaya: Spring uye kukunda (S.A.Vasilev). Kana mutsara (pazita ari nominative pazita + ari genitive nyaya ..): Mazuva nziyo uye mavara (S.A.Vasilev).

Denominative vaitaura inogona vasiri kuwanda: North. Will. Tariro (VS Vysotsky). Uye zvakafanana: Land Pasina Borders (VS Vysotsky), tiri pasi kutsivira tsananguro.

Zvechokwadi, munhu nemarongerwo - rudzi pachako

Personal mononuclear inopa mienzaniso zvinopiwa pazasi, kuratidza kupfuma kwakaita mutauro uye achishandisa kutaura zvakasiyana noruvara zvaanoreva.

Mononuclear nemarongerwo, umo munhu akaratidza pamutemo, asi ari nyore ichadzorerwa, vanonzi pachavo. Vanogona kunge zvakafanana uye asiri kuwanda. In basa rimwe Predicate - finite rechiito (1, 2 vanhu), risiri kana muuzhinji, iri anoratidza kana zvinokosha. vaitaura kwakadaro zvakaitika zvimwe munhu (Mukurukuri kana interlocutor). In mabasa vanyori ingano rinowanzoshandiswa muchikwata che "mumwe-chidimbu akanaka-private kupa", mienzaniso nhetembo:

• Food (SAEsenin) (rechiito - rechiito iri INDICATIVE manzwiro 1l, shoko risiri muuzhinji).
• Chisarai, gungwa (Pushkin) (rechiito-Predicate - ari zvinokosha muchimiro 2 munhu risiri muuzhinji)!

Nokusingagumi-oga

Pass akavhiyiwa akaita hainyatsozivikanwi chiso (nyaya). Rechiito riri 3rd munhu, vazhinji, chipo kana zvatoitika muna INDICATIVE ndokunge tya :

• Asi vanasikana vatatu anonzi varoyi (VS Vysotsky) (rechiito -. Rechiito prosh.vr, mn.chisla anoda rakanga rakapfeka zvinovhara kumeso ..).
• Ngavati, ngavapfige vanoti hungu, asi - kwete, hapana anofa pasina (VS Vysotsky) (ari Predicate -. Rechiito iri nechipo nerongo, muna 3rd L uye Pl).
• Yaizodai kwandiri chomunda maeka matanhatu pedyo motokari fekitari (Sholokhov) (rechiito-Predicate muchimiro chezvinhu SUBJUNCTIVE muzvizhinji).

Zvikurukuru generalized pachako mazano

Iri boka chete-sezvamunoita inopa zvimwe nyanzvi dzemitauro (Babaytseva VV, AA Shakhmatov and said.) Ko kungogara ari oga chimiro, sezvo mashoko ari okuti akafanana definiteness uye nokusingagumi-oga uye akasiyana chete avo zvaanoreva. Ivo Predicate ane generalized ukoshi. mazano akadaro inowanzoshandiswa zvirevo uye mashoko: Unofarira misoro - akafanana pamidzi. Kwete zana rubles, uye shamwari ane zana. Kamwe I nhema - nokusingaperi akava munyepi.

Kudzidza nyaya "mononuclear private kupa" mienzaniso zvikuru, sezvo inobatsira zvakajeka kuziva mhando syntactic maumbirwo nomumwe mukuru nhengo, uye kusiyanisa pavo.

rekuremekedza pa

Mononuclear rekuremekedza zvirevo (Muenzaniso: Zvinovhiringidza rima mangwanani ruzha mumusoro mangu ..) Ko vakasiyana pauzima pakuti hazvina uye haagoni kuva pasi.

The Predicate kungaratidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana:

• Rekuremekedza rechiito: Kwakanga kwava kusviba. Ndinonzwa kurwara.
• Rechiito pachako nhau kuti rekuremekedza chimiro: parutivi nguo yangu. It rumbled kure. Une rombo rakanaka! Handigoni kurara.
• Predicative dudzirachiito (state chikamu kana usiri-predicative mashoko): Zvakanga rikanyarara chaizvo (IA Bunin). Hazvina pisa. Sad.
• Kuitika chokuti: Hazvina Zvakakodzera kubako pasi unochinja nyika (A.V.Makarevich).
• Shoko-negation "kwete" uye NEGATIVE PARTICIPLE "kwete": denga risina makore. Hamuna hana!

mhando Predicate mune chimwe sezvamunoita vaitaura

In zvemutauro Russian Predicate chinomiririrwa mhuka matatu:

1. Simple rechiito. Imwe varehwa rechiito chero chimiro.
2. Echiito. Inoitwa rechiito kuitika chokuti, nemarunda.
3. Akakura zita. It ane sechikamu rechiito, uye zita tsapo, izvo zvinogona kuitwa sechinhu chipauro, pazita, ezviri kana dudzirachiito.

Mugore rimwe chete-nziyo vaitaura kusangana zvose izvi marudzi okuti.

Cool (mononuclear rekuremekedza mutongo). MUENZANISO Predicate rechiito pamwe akatura bhainda panguva ino, asi iyo iri zvatoitika kuchitonhorera. Part zita iziviswe mamiriro muchikwata.

In isi- pachako kupfimbwa: Regai kubatana maoko, shamwari (B.Sh.Okudzhava) -skazuemoe nyore rechiito.

The nokusingagumi-pachake mutongo: Hapana havadi kunzwa kubva kwamuri (O.Ermachenkova) - rechiito - rechiito + kuitika chokuti munhu.

Mononuclear denominative vaitaura - mienzaniso chine chezita Predicate rechiito pamwe razero shwashwa mune chipo nerongo. Kazhinji, kana akaisa pedyo nominative zvomuenzaniso nezvimedu: Hounoi tikiti wako, kuti ndicho motokari yako (VS Vysotsky). Kana nominative vaitaura dzaitaurwa zvatoitika, vari vatendeuka kupinda mbiri chaiko. Enzanisa: Kwaiva tikiti wako, aiva motokari yako.

Mononuclear uye kukwana mitsara

Zvakakodzera kusiyanisa haasaruri mbiri kupfimbwa nomunhu-akakura. In chete-murwiyo pasina rimwe chikuru nhengo zvinoreva mutongo haachinji. Mubereki anogona akapembera chero chikamu chirevo, uye zvinoreva haagoni kunzwisisa kunze akapoteredza: Mukupesana - tafura. Kana nhasi.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakaoma kusiyanisa Chivakashure pachavo mitongo uye-chikamu maviri kukwana. Izvi anonyanya zvinoreva Predicate azvaiitwa rechiito iri zvatoitika. Somuenzaniso: Ndaifunga - uye vakatanga kudya (Pushkin). Pasina chikuru chechinyorwa haigoni kutsunga muna 1 kana 3 chiso The vaishandisa rechiito. Kuti varege kuita chikanganiso, zvinokosha kunzwisisa kuti munhu hakubvi pakutsvaga rechiito iri zvatoitika, saka mbiri kukwana mutongo uyu.

Zvikuru chinetso ndiwo musiyano pakati asina kukwana mbiri kuroorwa nominative, semuenzaniso: Night. Chena chando usiku. uye usiku ari mumusha. Kuitira kudzivisa matambudziko, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti chokwadi - zvishoma nhengo kungova Predicate. Naizvozvo, chirevo "Usiku Munyika" - kukwana maviri-chikamu ane chezita nezvakawanda Predicate, umo kutukwa chikamu Haatauri. Enzanisa: usiku akauya mumusha. Chena chando usiku. Izvi nominative pfungwa nokuti Tsanangudzo inowirirana nyaya, saka chipauro "chena chando" inechirevo chikuru nhengo "usiku".

Kudzidza nemarongerwo, zvakakosha kuita kudzidzisa kurovedza, uye nokuda ichi zvakafanira kuongorora mhando chete-sezvamunoita vaitaura mienzaniso.

Basa rimwe-remubatanidzwa mitsara mumutauro

In kunyora uye kutaura mononuclear pa kuti kuita basa rinokosha. Kufanana nemarongerwo ari pfupi uye succinct chimiro zvichiita kuzoumba pfungwa inobwinya uye zvinonakidza, kubatsira kupa mifananidzo kana zvinhu. Vanopa mashoko dynamism uye emotionality kubvumira pfungwa zvandinenge yacho kana vanotongwa. With chete-sezvamunoita vaitaura anogona ichengetedzwe lexical repetitions zvisazitasingwi.