Mineral kugadzira: zvinokosha nzira, ruzivo uye midziyo

Kana chinhu zvicherwa anokosha zvakarurama kunomutsa mubvunzo kuti kubva chikuru mhangura kana zvicherwa vanogona kuwana anoyevedza nhindi zvishongo. Kunyanya kufunga kuti kubudiswa padombo sezvo akadaro mumwe kana asina yokupedzisira, ipapo kanenge asati kwokupedzisira padanho kunatswa. Mhinduro yomubvunzo achava vapfume zvicherwa, iyo pane chokwadi kurapwa paruware, ichipa kupatsanurwa kukosha chicherwa kubva kunyorwa nevezvenhau.

Total wevasungwa michina

Recycling mari iri kuitwa chaiyo vapfume miti. The kwacho kunosanganisira kushandiswa kakawanda, kusanganisira dzidzo, yakananga kukamurwa uye nekupatsanurwa nouipi kubva mumatombo. Panguva vapfume ndawana zvicherwa siyana, kusanganisira graphite, asbestos, tungsten mhangura zvinhu, uye zvichingodaro D. Not nechokwadi zvinofanira kuva inokosha erudzi -. Kune miti yakawanda kuti aite kubudiswa pakugadzira zvinhu, ayo zvino kushandiswa pakuvaka. Chero nzira, zvinokosha chicherwa kubudiswa kwakavakirwa kuongorora chicherwa zvivako, anokonzera uye nekupatsanurwa nenheyo. Nenzira, kukosha kucheka zvivako siyana unovapo kwete chete kuti vawane yakachena chicherwa. Common tsika, kana mamiriro rinobva rimwe dzinoita anoverengeka.

dombo Kupwanywa

Panguva iyi vachikuya zvinhu kupinda munhu inoramba. Musengwa muitiro vari kushandiswa zvokuimba simba nayo kukunda dzomunyika batira mashandiro. Somugumisiro, dombo rakakamurwa zviduku zvacho yakasimba iyo vane homogeneous hunhu yechivako chacho. Saka zvinokosha kuti kusiyanisa zvakananga nokupwanya michina. Muchiitiko chokutanga zvicherwa kaviri zvishoma zvakadzama kuparadzana chivako umo nezvimedu vari inoumbwa chikamu vanopfuura 5 mm. Uyewo, inopa dzidzo kukuya zvinhu pamwe dhayamita zvishoma pane 5 neMM, kunyange zvazvo nhamba iyi zvinoenderana rudzi nako tinofanira kutsungirira. Vacho basa anotsemura kufadza zviyo rinobatsira mumiririri zvokuti asunungurwa chezvinonhuwira pasina yakachena vakavhengana nomunzvimbo dzine, i.e. kuti gangue, netsvina uye zvakafanana. D.

kuongorora kwacho

Pashure pokupedza musengwa kwacho, kuti wakagadzirira feedstock iri pasi dzimwe muitiro zvinokonzerwa, izvo zvinogona uye sieving, uye weathering. Kuongorora zviri chaizvoizvo nzira classifying kuti vakawana zviyo saizi characterization. Nzira chinyakare pamusoro Implementation kuti danho iri kunosanganisira kushandisa sieves uye nomusero calibration vakwanise masero. In nedanho kuongorora uye vakaparadzaniswa nadreshetchatye podreshetchatye inoramba. Mune dzimwe nzira, chicherwa kubudiswa anotanga Panguva iyi, nokuda netsvina vanoparadzaniswa uye vakavhengana kaviri. The yakanaka chikamu asingasviki 1 mm uye vakasefiwa nemunhu mhepo ezvinhu - weathering. Misa chakatodzana chiduku jecha avete chakagadzirwa mhepo Hova ipapo Zvapera. Zvadaro, zvacho kuti vagadzirise zvishoma nezvishoma, dzakaparadzaniswa zvikuru rakatsetseka zvinhu vanoswerera mudenga. Kuunganidza zvimwe nomukaka zviri kuongorora kwakadaro kushandisa mvura.

vapfume pezvakaitwa

Masero ndehwokuti kuvandudza pakusarudza mbishi chicherwa inoramba. Nokufamba nzira dzakadaro mune mapoka inoverengeka zvinhu - yaibatsira zvinoomerera wokupedzisira tailings nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Nheyo kupatsanurwa nezvimedu izvi inobva kusiyana zvivako zvicherwa uye gangue. ehupfumi kwakadaro kungaita zvinotevera: arambe achirema, wettability, rinobva susceptibility, saizi, conductivity, uye chimiro, etc. Saka, vapfume pezvakaitwa vachishandisa musiyano arambe achirema, zvinosanganisira giravhiti kuparadzana nzira ... Izvi rinoshandiswa kubudiswa marasha, esimbi uye nonmetallic zvokuvakisa. Zvikuru zvakafanana uye mumisasa anotsanangura zvinoumba wettability unhu. Panyaya iyi, iyo flotation nzira inoshandiswa, iyo inoti zvingangoguma kupatsanura mbeu yakanaka.

Rinoshandiswawo rinobva chicherwa kubudiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti sarudza ferrous utachiona kubva talc uye graphite runyararo, uyewo kunatsa tungsten, titanium, simbi uye nezvimwe ores. nzira iyi inobva musiyano iri mugumisiro remagineti pamusoro chicherwa inoramba. Chaiwo separators vari kushandiswa michina rinoshandiswawo nokuda kuzoita magnetite suspensions.

The yokupedzisira zvokukura vapfume

The chikuru dzinotsanagura kuyaruka vanofanira zvinosanganisira dewatering, sludge thickening uye kuomesa zvichiguma inoramba. Selection nokuti dewatering midziyo anobva zvemakemikari omuviri zvechadenga chicherwa. Kazhinji, nzira iyi rinoitwa mune zvirongwa shoma. Panyaya iyi, kudiwa kwayo Implementation haisi nguva dzose ikoko. Somuenzaniso, kana kushandiswa vapfume kwacho magetsi Kuparadzana, kuti dewatering kunodiwa. Kuwedzera pezvakaitwa wokugadzirira mamwe vapfume zvibereko munguva kubudiswa, inofanira akagovera uye yakakodzera kwezvivako nokuda nokurera chicherwa inoramba. Kunyanya, akakodzera kugadzirwa basa rakarongwa pasuo fekitari. Akapinda intrashop motokari, rakarongeka mvura, kupisa uye magetsi.

Equipment nokuti vapfume

At nzendo nokugeda uye Kupwanywa vari kushandiswa chaiwo kurongwa. Izvi pamagungano zvemaziso, izvo achibatsirwa siyana dzokutyaira mauto ane kunoparadza kukanganisa rudzi. Uyezve, muitiro achivhara uchishandisa nesefa uye nesefa, iyo anopa calibration mumakomba. Rinoshandiswawo nokuda achivhara muchina zvikuru kunzwisisa inonzi akadzvova. Pakarepo vapfume ushande electrically, rinokweva uye rinobva separators zvinoshandiswa maererano nenhungamiro kupatsanurwa chaiwo mamiriro. Zvadaro, mukuru abudise ari dewatering michina inoshandiswa Implementation ringaita kushandiswa chete sefa, elevators, centrifuges uye midziyo kuti mupise. The mukunopera zvinowanzosanganisira kushandisa kupisa kurapwa uye kuomesa.

vapfume muitiro tsvina

Somugumisiro yacho vapfume kwacho kwakaita Mapato inoverengeka mishonga inogona rakakamurwa mhando mbiri - yaibatsira Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe uye dongo. Uye fuma inokosha hazvirevi kupa chete rudzi. Uyewo, tinogona kutaura kuti tsvina iri dongo zvinhu. In akadaro zvigadzirwa zvinokosha, kuti Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu ingasanganisira, asi usingashandi akawanda. Saka anowedzera vapfume zvicherwa kuti zvinowanika maumbirwo tsvina iri kazhinji haana anoruramiswa yemazuva ano uye mari, zvisinei, yechipiri maitiro kubudiswa kwakadaro kashoma paaiita.

optimum vapfume

Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ose vapfume, zvinoitwa yokutanga zvinhu uye nzira inogona siyana kunaka rokupedzisira chigadzirwa. The yakakwirira zviri zvinokosha zvinoriumba, uye netsvina mashoma, nani. Yakanaka mhangura vapfume Somuenzaniso, anopa zvakakwana nokushaiwa chigadzirwa tsvina. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane nedanho vapfume zviri musanganiswa vakawana nokupwanywa uye kuongorora, zvachose kurema zvacho vakanga vasingagoni zvachose kubva tsvina padombo nemarara. Zvisinei, kuti vabudirire izvi hazvibviri nguva dzose.

Kukwana chicherwa kugadzira

Under haasaruri kukura vapfume giredhi zvinoreva kuparadzana kana kucheka Zvisaririra nyore mugove dzinounzwa kuna netsvina kubva chigadzirwa. Kuti, nzira iyi hachisi chokutsanangura kupedza vachenese chigadzirwa kubva netsvina uye dongo, uye chete kunowedzera kukosha kutanga zvinhu nokuwedzera wevasungwa kuti zvicherwa zvacho. kurapwa rwakadaro chicherwa mbishi zvinhu zvingashandiswa, somuenzaniso, kuti kuderedza padurunhuru zviri marasha. The vapfume kwacho iri dzinounzwa boka guru zvinhu mimwe vaiitawo pamusoro Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu nevasiri zvakapfumisa wakaisvonaka hacho dropout.

Chinetso kurasikirwa zvinokosha kwemarudzi vari beneficiation

Sezvo tsvina zvisingadiwi yakasara rinokosha kurema Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, uye zvinokosha mhando zvingava goho pamwechete tsvina. Azvidavirire nazvo yakadai, tinoshandisa anokosha zvishandiso kuverenga zvinobvumidzwa pachiyero kuwedzera nomumwe kwemasayendisiti. Ndiko, nokuti zvose dzakabudirira nzira kuti kupatsanura nomumwe dzemunharaunda ose bvumidzwa varasikirwa. Zvinogamuchirwa chikamu muzana akanyorwa pakuenzanisa kupatsanurwa zvigadzirwa kuti vafukidze musiyano iri coefficient kukarukureta pamusoro unyoro uye nomuviri varasikirwa. Kunyanya zvinyorwa zvakadai zvakakosha kana uchironga esimbi vapfume, muitiro iyo inoshandisa igomba paradzanisa. Nokudaro, mikana zvokurwadza zvinokosha Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe. Asi kazhinji, wakawanirwa matombo kurasikirwa kunoitika nokuda kuvhiringidzika kwacho.

mhedziso

Mumakore achangopfuura, zvinokosha mhando vapfume Michina akaita danho rinokosha racho kukura. Nani uye munhu kurapwa pezvakaitwa, uye Implementation tsika redunhu yebazi. Imwe nzvimbo vaizotibata ndiye mberi mberi kushandiswa kukabatanidzwa kubudiswa Zvirongwa kuti kuvandudza Qualitative unhu inonyanya. Kunyanya, kubatanidza pachena rinobva separators, zvichiguma vapfume kwacho kuri optimized. Pakati mutsva nzira iyi mhando anosanganisira MHD uye magnitogidrostaticheskuyu kuparadzana. It rinozivikanwa, uye mukuru zvinoitwa kudzikira gangue kuti varege kukanganisa kunaka kunoguma chigadzirwa. Irwa kuwedzera kwevari nouipi anogona rushoma vapfume yezviri chikumbiro, asi kazhinji zvinoguma kuwedzera kubudiswa muzvirongwa zvemichina kunoita va neudhadha.