Marine hove. Saltwater hove: zita. Sea chikafu hove

In Marine mvura, sezvo isu tose, musha kune guru dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhuka dzakasiyana. Zvikuru yakakura mugove wavo hove. Ndivo - chinokosha ichi chinoshamisa mararamiro. Kusiyana vertebrate kwemarudzi vagere mumakungwa uye nyanza ndiyo mikuru. Pane chaizvo mafufu une urefu imwe sendimita, uye pane hofori, richisvika gumi mamita.

pasi pemvura nyika

Uye sei zvinonaka gungwa hove! Friends zvinyore kwatiri kubva pauduku mazita anoshamisa: pollack, herring, capelin, saury, cod, hake, halibut, rockcod ... Panewo zvimwe zvekumwe specimens. Somuenzaniso, gungwa bhiza, vakakwanisa kuenda mune imwe wehunyambiri chinzvimbo mvura mbiru Zvinoshamisawo kuti mumhuri hove idzi kubereka vanhurume. Kana shato huru rehove - chikuru gungwa hove, akamuka nokuda saizi yaro Guinness Book of Records (kwayo uremu rinosvika matani matatu nemana, uye urefu anogona pfuura mamita makumi maviri). Pasinei ichi shato huru rehove ine rugare chaizvo mafungiro, uye anodyisa chete plankton. Desperate siyana dzimwe nguva vanogona kuubata uye kunyange kutora motokari iri kuseri. Mumwe zvikuru dzinonakidza gungwa anogara - mudskipper. Nokuti hove ane kujairika nemamiriro muviri: muswe wayo achibvumira mukuru kusvetuka uye zvimbi pachinzvimbo maoko uye vanopiwa mukana kufamba panyika. Mudskipper pamusoro patakafanana dzvinyu, asi kuvapo zvimbi uye gills anoratidza zvakajeka kuti mhuka idzi chinoshamisa ndezvaJehovha hove.

Zvakaoma kufungidzira sei zvikuru vagari zvikuru zvinoshamisa chiri pasi mvura. Uye polar uye dzinopisa nharaunda asangana saltwater hove. Mazita mazana ichangobva kuwanikwa marudzi ose gore, tinonzwa kubva masayendisiti. Hongu, hazvishamisi vanoti kuti ukuru munyanza ari kuipa Dzakadzidza kupfuura expanses nzvimbo! Nyaya ino kutaura chii vari mhando dzakasiyana nehove zvomumvura, kutaura pamusoro zvazvinombobatsira uye muviri unhu vertebrates siyana. Chokwadi, tinogona chete kubata pamusoro rakajairika mifananidzo, nokuti dzinokwana vanopfuura zviuru makumi matatu.

Commercial gungwa hove. Photos uye mazita

Kupfuura chetatu munyika kubata hove vezvokutengeserana - avo vari nemupristi uwandu hwevanhu densities uye yakakwirira simba inozivikanwa. Kusiyanisa pelagic hove mupenyu mugungwa nomumativi ari okumusoro akaturikidzana (mackerel, herring, Tuna), nechepasi uye pasi hove mhenyu nechepasi kana pedyo pasi mumupata akaturikidzana (cod, plaice, pollock, halibut). Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai rakasanganiswa mugungwa fishery hove. vakadaro yokutsakatika haangavi zvinyore zvachose; ivo vamiririri vemhuri flatfish, mackerel, carangidae uye vamwe vakawanda. Next, tikaudza pamusoro ivavo vanoumba vakawanda kwenhumbi pamusoro chitoro echiShinto.

kodhi hove

Nhengo dzose dzemhuri iyi akasiyana zvishoma mafuta nyama (yemanyorero kusvika rimwe muzana) uye yakakwirira mafuta reserves ari chiropa (makumi manomwe kubva muzana). Huru mhando - cod, dema cod, haddock, safuroni cod, hake, muramba, hake, pollock.

1. Cod

Zvichida imwe hove yakanakisisa dzinodyiwa, dzinoratidzwa gobvu nyama chena, iyo inoshanda rakaisvonaka tsime mapuroteni, uye kushaya zviduku mapfupa tsandanyama. It ane risingaenzaniswi muviri unhu uye anoita somunhu dzinongoitika mbishi mashoko kugadzirwa mafuta hove. Uyewo kubatsira chaizvo chiropa uye kodhi nemhara.

2. haddock

Ine zvinonaka chaizvo uye tsitsi nyama yose kodhi. The counter isvike pasi zita "kodhi", asi haddock inogona nyore kusiyaniswa dema mutsetse. Izvi Marine kubatwa hove panguva avhareji mukukohwa vhoriyamu wepagore pokutanga wechitatu munyika, chete pollock wechipiri uye kodhi. Famous zvawo rakaisvonaka pakuenzanisa zvicherwa zviri murwiyo. A kunobva wakanaka potassium uye yavaibvisa. Haddock kazhinji kugadzirirwa kudya zvokudya.

3. Black kodhi

mukurumbira Very saltwater hove. Mazita anogona kuwanikwa zvakasiyana - mafuta hove, marasha hove. Other siyana Makwande Gadidae, ane simbi reflux. Chine wakanaka kuravira, akapfuma mafuta: naOmega-3 mafuta acids imomo kusvikira makumi mashanu kubva muzana kupfuura Sarimoni. Black kodhi rine zvakawanda niacin, selenium, vhitamini B12. Inobatsira vanhu vane simba zvirwere, mukuru remafuta akawandisa, vaya vanowanzoodzwa mwoyo uye kufunganya.

4. Navaga

Akakamurwa Pacific (Far East) uye North. Chokutanga mhando kunoratidzwa hombe saizi (munhu vanoyera kusvika imwe kilogram), asi chaizvo vatengi zvishoma. Pacific navaga ane rougher uye kwete sezvinoita inonaka, huya hunenge uye manune sezvo rwokumusoro, nyama. Izvi chena gungwa hove iri shoma-mafuta.

5. Burbot

Kune mhando mbiri hove burbot: tsvuku uye chena. Nani kutenga hove wokutanga mhando: pasinei ine saizi diki (uremu kusvika imwe kilogram, ukuwo chena muramba inogona kusvika huremu makirogiramu mana), izvozvo kutongoravira nani zvikuru. Kazhinji, kuti kusachinja-chinja pane nyama hove iri coarser pane kodhi. Fat zvachose vasipo (0.1 muzana).

6. hake uye hake

Very pedyo nevamwe hove neimwe zvomumvura (dzakaderera mifananidzo). In zvachose pane anenge gumi marudzi. Skin-pamwero pakavha kupendwa ruvara kubva yellowish-sirivha uye vhudzi kune mashava uye anenge dema. On kunaka nyama zvakajeka kupfuura kodhi: zvikuru munyoro, chena, nezvakanaka kuravira, runako mafuta (kusvika mana muzana mafuta).

7. Pollock

hove ichi benthic zvomumvura mune North Pacific. Kureba kunosvika mapfumbamwe masendimita, uye uremu - makirogiramu mana. Inowanikwa Asia (Bering, Japan, gungwa Okhotsk) uye American kumhenderekedzo (Monterey Bay uye Alaska). Atlantic Pollock anogara Sea Barents. nyore kwazvo kuti kubika nyama hove ichi: unogona kubika, jerk, furaya, kubheka mu foil. Rine zvakawanda zvinokosha: mavhitaminzi A, C, PP, E, B-boka, kuiisa chlorine, potassium, simbi, calcium, ayodhini nezvimwe zvicherwa. Fat kugutsikana - maviri muzana.

seflounder hove

In mhuri iyi chaizvoizvo dzoga seflounder uye halibut. Dzavo nevatengi ehupfumi havasi zvakafanana. Pakati Far seflounder ndiyo yakanakisisa yellowfin, ine rakajeka tsvuku zvimbi, zheltopolosaya, rima uye Japanese. Pakati flatfish mhuri rinozivikanwa mutauro nautical. hove aya ichazivikanwa noku elongated muviri uye zvinonaka chaizvo nyama. Kazhinji, mukati megungwa upenyu mazana kanenge mashanu flatfish mhuka.

1. seflounder

It rinonziwo gungwa huku. Nyama hove iri chena, dzinonaka, hapana mapfupa diki (kunze rizere nenyeredzi seflounder, ane mapfupa inotungamirwa vanopararira yose muviri). Fat kugutsikana - kubva imwe shanu muzana. Yakakodzerwa kukurumbira vane Sea North anoona, uyewo mune muAtlantic plaice. Izvi saltwater hove akasiyana flattened muviri uye inofadza urongwa ziso. Meat seflounder - idura selenium, mavhitaminzi A uye D, anodiwa connoisseurs dzakaiswa pazvigadziko pakubika, asi panguva imwe chete, haasi munhu wose anoda ake akasimba kwakanaka yaingowanikwa.

2. Halibut

The inozivikanwa marudzi - Zimbabwe, vatema uye halibut. Izvi jikichira gungwa hove (mafuta kugutsikana - kubva mashanu makumi maviri kubva muzana) ne chena zvinonaka uye munyoro nyama, kuva hwema munuhwi. Halibut, kunyanya Khingan - rakaisvonaka rine mafuta acids (zana magiramu ane filet - mumwe giremu kuti naOmega-3 mafuta acids), icho anoita zvishoma pfupa. Azere magnesium, potassium, selenium, phosphorus, mavhitaminzi B6 uye B12. hove ichi kuchakurinda atherosclerosis uye arrhythmia, kuvandudza ropa riyerere kuburikidza vakazorora ari arteries uye mutsinga uye kuderedza kurwisa kwavo.

pingviini hove

The kutengeswa Kukosha mhuri iyi vanotengeswa pasi mazita akasiyana. Pane Far, Kurilskoe, Atlantic (ocean), Sea Black azov-mackerel, pingviini, Tuna. Kazhinji, nyama hove idzi pane mafuta, hapana mapfupa diki, munyoro.

1. mackerel pasión

Chimwe chezvinhu mukurumbira hove Russian. Havasi vose vanoziva kuti chinonyanya rinokosha - matsutso mackerel, panguva ino, murume mafuta rinosvika matatu muzana yayo uremu, apo mafuta vanhu tsime hove ndiyo muzana matatu chete. Izvi saltwater hove rine zvakawanda naOmega-3 mafuta acids, mavhitaminzi B12 uye D.

2. Tuna

Akaparadzirwa muAtlantic mumvura, vakatakurwa pedyo akaturikidzana uye mvura pamusoro. dzinodya dzimwe hove ichi aifarira kuva nevamwe huru. Zviri thermophilic chaizvo, saka muGungwa Dema vachaonekwa chete muna July uye August. Kureba kunosvika mamita mana uye vanoyera pamusoro nehafu tani ari. Uyu mubayiro muedzo chero wehove. Kusiyanisa skipjack, albacore, yellowfin, mavara, bigeye Tuna. Nyama yakasiyana pasi mafuta tigutsikane - maviri muzana.

3. pingviini

Maererano muviri ichiratidzika Tuna, asi proportionally ipfupi. Izvi aifarira kuva nevamwe dzinodya dzimwe hove upenyu muGungwa Black zvasvika huremu makirogiramu manomwe, uye pakupedzisira - masendimita makumi masere namashanu. Pingviini, kufanana Tuna, nokupisa-rudo, saka yechando kuenda kuGungwa Marmara, uye Gungwa Black mumvura shoals shure chaizvo kwezvinoshandiswa, saka kubata munhu akadaro kazhinji zvichiita. Kusiyanisa marudzi mazhinji pingviini: Mambo mackerel pasión (wahoo), monochrome pingviini, Savary, makwapa pingviini uye nevamwe. Izvi nyama hove ndiyo chiedza muna ruvara, gobvu kusachinja-chinja uye zvinofadza rine maviri nezvishanu kubva muzana mafuta (dzakakudzingai pingviini chete ruvara ane mafuta zviri anosvika makumi maviri muzana).

carangidae hove

Pamwe pane mhando anenge mazana maviri. Kunze bhiza mackerel, mhuri iyi zvinosanganisira trevally, Vomero, lihiyu, yellowtail uye nevamwe. The bhiza mackerel pasión nyama, iro rine grayish ruvara, mafuta zviri pakati maviri nezvina muzana. The chinonaka kupfuura - desyatiperaya hove kurema, zviri zvishoma kupfuura dzose. Scad siyana mhando kuravidza uye kunhuwidza (yakashapa). Oiliness trevally - hafu chikamu pfungwa, Vomero - mumwe kana vaviri muzana, Leahy - matatu nezvishanu kubva muzana.

hove Scorpionfish

Ose mhuri iyi vari kutengeswa pasi zita "gungwa bass". Mune Atlantic, vane zvokutenga ukoshi uye vanhuwo knot Sebastes mentella (beaked shato huru) muna Pacific Ocean - dzvuku snapper. Atlantic howa ane nhanhatu muzana mafuta, anenge kaviri mafuta duku rine Pacific hove. Sea bass - chinokosha mbishi zvinhu pakubika, It unobereka zvinonaka chaizvo hove muto.

sparidae hove

Pagrus Cuban kabhu, bream, hove-Chọn, zino Scapa - vamiririri zvose sparidae mhuri. On the echiShinto, vauye pasi chete zita "Ocean kabhu." Nhaka shoma mafuta (mbiri muzana), manune uye munyoro nyama. An Kunze tichitarisa mafuta tigutsikane chete Scapa, nyama yayo rine manomwe gumi muzana mafuta. The manakiro anoyeuchidza mumiririri sparidae kabhu. Dourado anonziwo gungwa kabhu uye gilt-musoro bream. Chitarisiko izvozvo zvishoma kukuru, asi nyama - dzinonaka, anonhuwira, pamwe shomanana pfupa. Nokuda kuvapo unsaturated mafuta acids, kusanganisira myristic, palmitic, lauric, ichi saltwater hove inobatsira chaizvo. Kudya Dorado, muchaponesa mwoyo kubva zvinokonzerwa vakasununguka radicals uye kudzivisa paumbwe ropa.

nototheniids hove

Mune Antarctic mumakore achangopfuura, kugona dzamaoko inonaka hove - rockcod uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri iyi: yomugungwa goby, toothfish, Squam. Zvipenyu izvi vakakoresa vanhu - Toothfish (ine makumi kusvika makumi maviri nezvishanu kubva muzana mafuta), zvichiteverwa machena rockcod (masere gumi nezvitanhatu kubva muzana) The Squam (ina kusvika matanhatu muzana) uye gobies gungwa (hafu muzana). nyama hove iri mashoko chena, gobvu, huya hunenge, hapana mapfupa diki.

croakers hove

Mhuri ine mhando anosvika zana nemakumi mashanu. Pakati kutengeswa mazita evanhu kusvika pamusoro chitoro echiShinto, tiri yakanakisisa kuvazivisa gungwa Rainbow, hove-mukuru (otolith), croaker, umbrine. The hove pane zviitiko uremu kubva mumwe makirogiramu gumi kana gumi mafuta kusvika matatu muzana. Regai Avhareji nyama hove iri non-vanachandagwinyira uye kunyanya mafungu, vane guru - zvinonyadzisa faibha. nhengo dzose croakers mhuri, kunyanya umbrine uye otolith tinokosha mhando, nekuti anenge asina kunaka uye hwema mugungwa, pazuva muviri ehupfumi kufanana chetsika hove inowanikwa kure negungwa mumvura. Rainbow piroksidinom vafumi mavhitaminzi A uye E, naOmega-3 acids. hove ichi zvinovaka uye zvinonaka anodiwa vatengi uye Vatsigiri pazvokudya ndiro zhinji.

herring hove

Zvichida, pane munhu kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwake haana kudya herring. mwana wese Russian anozivikanwa kubva pauduku. hove ichi ane inokosha chaizvo zvokutenga kukosha, kunogara kunyanya kuchamhembe zvikamu Pacific uye Atlantic mumakungwa. The herring zvizhinji mapuroteni, vhitamini A, polyunsaturated kwemafuta. Zvisinei, sezvo anezvakawanda mapfupa, izvo, zvisinei, haana kurega kuwana mukurumbira mukuru pakati yevagari. Kazhinji herring akashandiswa munyu fomu. MuNetherlands, yainzi "horo" guru rakapfungaira hove, uye munyu duku - "bekling".

tsvina hove

The yakakurumbira mumiririri mhuri iyi - capelin. hove ichi duku zvomumvura ndiye anenge krugopolyarnoe kuparadzira: kuchamhembe zvikamu Atlantic (Sea Barents) uye Pacific, peArctic. dzimwe nguva vatengi kurerutsa hove duku inokwanisika. Uye nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka. Chaizvoizvo zvinofanira kuverengerwa mukati zvokudya! Ndokupi kumwe unogona kuwana zvakawanda potassium, ayodhini, yavaibvisa? Asi capelin ari chitoro havasi varidzi katsi - dzinovaraidza rudo hove ichi. It duku connective zvinyama uye panguva imwe chete yakawanda mafuta acids uye mapuroteni (anenge makumi maviri nezvitatu kubva muzana) kuti akaderera ropa remafuta akawandisa yomuropa, vachinyatsoongorora abviswa mudziyo parusvingo Dombo. Capelin inogona yakabikwa nokukurumidza, vakawanda richinaka iye anotendeuka mu vaiputa uye zvakakangwa.

In mhedziso

Marine hove, Photo uye rondedzero zvinopiwa munyaya ino - Ichokwadi, chete chiduku chikamu ose vertebrates kuti kurarama mumvura munyanza. Taitaura chete iwayo kwemarudzi kuti vatengi kunokosha. Kamwe munyika China kwainzi zuva hove. Zvino, marudzi ose ehove, kunyanya dzegungwa, rinowanika pamabwendefa edu anenge mazuva ose. iri nyore ichi akatsanangura: nyama vagere yakadzika gungwa rine zvakafanira munhu utano mafuta, amino acids uye mavhitaminzi. In ichi gungwa hove pamusoro kutsvinda zvinofungidzirwa mvura yakachena zvikuru kubatsira pariri kushanda asingadi kukanganisa kwevanhu kukanganisa zvakatipoteredza, saka vagere yamakungwa zvishoma yakasviba vane inorema nesimbi, risina ngozi kuti vanhu radionuclides uye mishonga yezvipembenene.