Mapoka anorimwa zvirimwa. Mienzaniso anorimwa zvirimwa mazita

Kwenguva refu vagadze zvakakwana pedyo chokuita kasvisto dzevanhu. Kune mamwe marudzi kuti vakadyarwa vanhu pachavo, kutarisira mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, uye ipapo kukohwa. Asi zvakasikwa pane mhando zvinokura pasinei nemabasa evanhu. Kurimwa zvinomera, vane mazita anopiwa pazasi, muri zvikuru kukosha vanhu. Ndiani mhando re muchikwata ichi? On ichi, uyewo chii zvinomera zviri cultured, gare gare munyaya ino.

Vhuṱanzi

Mapoka kurimwa zvinomera, izvo achaiswa pasi apa, zviri akura nomurume kuti chikafu mhuka purazi, zvokudya, maindasitiri, somushonga nezvimwe pakugadzira zvinhu, uye zvimwe zvinangwa. Maererano worusere reShanduro International Code pakati Nomenclature, nhasi vakaziva mumapoka matatu umo kuparadzana rinoitwa pasi kufunga kasvisto. Izvi zvinosanganisira, zvikurukuru, zvinosanganisira chimiro, boka uye Grex (nokuti orkideat). Vakazozvinzwisisa zvose kubva mhando dzemusango. Muchiitiko chino, aishandiswa selection, hybridization, kana magene ouinjiniya nzira. Kana kutsvaka mhando mhuka kuti ruminant zvirimwa zvinomera uye kushandiswa kwawo yaizotevera, akaumba dzidziso nzvimbo matangiro agricultures. Saka, Vavilov akapfupikisa iripo ruzivo, akazivisa 7 zvikuru nzvimbo. Zvakakodzera kuti boka kurimwa zvinomera, kusiyana mhando yomusango, havasi dzinongoitika chiwedzerwa munyika dzine (nharaunda).

Nadzurudzo akasiyana-siyana dzomusango

Somugumisiro ruminant mhuka tsika vakatanga kupa dzakakwirira Goho itsva okunze kana ivhu itsva - mumamiriro ezvinhu kujairika kwavari. Somugumisiro, dzimwe mhando zvachinja zvokuti ikozvino zvakaoma kuziva madzitateguru avo. Kuti uvandudze negoho agricultures vanhu vakatanga kushandisa fetiraiza. Panguva iyoyowo, akatakura pakurwisa tupukanana nokushandisa zvipembenene uye fungicides.

Anorimwa zvirimwa. Mienzaniso. kupatsanura

Kune mapoka anorimwa miriwo zvinotevera:

1. Decorative (Rose).
2. Zviyo uye bota (semuenzaniso, gorosi, chibage, mupunga).
3. Bhinzi (soya, bhinzi, nezvimwewo).
4. The shuga (shuga bhiti).
5. Krahmalonosnye (nembatatisi, rinotapira mbatatisi).
6. Fiber.
7. Oilseeds (sunflower).
8. Fruit (maapuro, Pears, chihenge).
9. Vegetables (fennel, magaka, madomasi).
10. Cucurbits (vise, visi).
11. Rinodhaka (Poppy, kofi, tii).

tsananguro

boka chirimwa takatsunga maererano maitiro zvakasiyana. Vakawanda kushandiswa kupatsanura maererano chinangwa chimwe-siyana zvoupfumi. Somuenzaniso, pane mapoka mishonga, uchi, värjäys, Kukosa, zvokudya, zvokudya, maindasitiri zvirimwa nezvimwe zvirimwa. Sezvo kusiyana kupatsanura ichi (zvishoma yakakodzera uye, naizvozvo, kashoma kushandiswa) kunogona kuva kuparadzana maererano zvinhu chipo mariri. Muchiitiko chino, kusiyanisa Somuenzaniso, alkaloidosoderzhaschie, belkosoderzhaschie, zhirnomaslinichnye uye nevamwe. Uyewo aiwanzoshandisa uye zvakavhenganiswa kupatsanura: pamwe zvokudya, mishonga, zvokudya, kure sezvo oilseeds, fibrous, Spicy-zvinonhuwirira mapoka anorimwa zvirimwa. Zvisinei, zvine musoro uye dzakachinjwa zvachose gadziriro anoonekwa kuti Classified maererano bazi musimboti.

Kuparadzana maererano kurima Mazinga

Nyanzvi anozivisa mapoka anorimwa zvirimwa kubudikidza mhando kurima: kukura muchero, kurima miriwo uye munda basa. Saizvozvowo, pane muchero, miriwo uye munda mhando. The yokupedzisira, akavapindurawo, akakamurwa mudzi (radish, twakadai, bhiti), shizha (lettuce, sipinachi, makabheji), zvibereko (wemagaka, domatisi), hunde (asiparagasi, kohlrabi), Mabumba (gariki, hanyanisi). Somunhu subgroup rinokosha muzviitiko zvakawanda vanoonekwa kuravira (Kwezvinonhuhwirira) chirimwa miti (parsley, dhiri). Tubers muri tubers pamwe dzinodyiwa mhando. Pakati chikafu chikuru anofanira kunzi mbatatisi (mu Europe), mufarinya yams (mu Africa).

munda giredha

Ichi boka miti rinosanganisira zvirimwa (bota - rye, gorosi, bhinzi - nenyemba, soyabhinzi, pizi, nechipiriso mhando - mhunga, Buckwheat, mudzi muriwo (turnips, beets), tubers (mbatatisi), kugadzira (hemp, neshinda donje .), mafuta (yemasitadha, nzungu, sunflower), zvokudya zvirimwa (chemombe, apila) mune zvimwe zviitiko, munda chizenga vise mhando zvinosanganisira nhanga, visi, vise, asi kazhinji yamunenge nezvacho pavo yoga tsika kana format. miriwo madzinza. Maererano nenyanzvi, rakakodzera uyewo yoga govera giredhi somushonga (valerian, foxglove, etc.), zvinokosha mafuta (elavender, dzekorianderi), uyewo mifananidzo chaiyo (shag fodya).

muchero mhando

boka iri unotora zvokurima, iyo kupa muchero manune. Ivowo, akakamurwa ibwe muchero (apirikoti, puramu, Cherry), pome muchero (Quince, peya, apple), michero (currants, mastrawberry, mahabhurosi, mastrawberry). In chete boka, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinosanganisira Citrus zvibereko (orenji, ndimu), nati (Hazelnut, womuarumondi, walnuts). dzimwe nguva chibereko dzinounzwa subgroup subtropical mhando. Izvi zvinosanganisira, kunyanya zvinosanganisira medlar, mutamba, muonde. Pedyo michero uye bheri inokurukurwa kuti zvirimwa zvakadai akamuka hudyu, buckthorn nezvimwe vitaminonosnye.

bota

Mugore rose boka munda zvirimwa ezviyo vanonzi inokosha. Pakati zvikuru nevanhu mhando zvinofanira kucherechedzwa mupunga, gorosi, rye, oats, chibage, mapfunde. Izvi tsika iri zvakasiyana Data kugara pamusoro-makota matatu arable kunyika yepasi kuti. Gorosi rapera zvinenge kose; ndiwo chingwa mukuru kuti munhu kungonyanya ose zuva. Part wokukohwa, mukuwedzera, rinoshandiswa kuti kufudza. No chirimwa kukosha anonzi Fig. Munyika Asian riri kuonekwa zvokudya sadza. Mukereke automatic, kupura, semuenzaniso, gorosi nokubatanidza, zviyo vakachiwana wakachena. Tichikwanisa anokwana zviyero, murume zvinoenderana navo kuunganidza uye nezvimwe zvirimwa, dzakadai soyabhinzi, zviyo uye nevamwe.