Mangup Kale: sei kuti ikoko? Mangup Kale - Photo

Mangup-Calais - hwekare bako guta, iro riri makiromita makumi maviri kubva Sevastopol. Kubva 6 kusvika 15. waiva guru weutungamiriri pakati Theodoro. Ekupedzisira aidzora kumaodzanyemba-yokumadokero kuCrimea. Kare, Mangup Kale ndicho chikamu chikuru Ages guta muchikamu ichi Peninsula.

nzvimbo

Ruins, kamwe muridzi kupfuura nharaunda mumaguta ekare, vari pamusoro pegomo Mangup. Gadzirai Uyu maviri-zana-mita-neshongwe dzakakwirira mumipata majestically pamusoro matatu (Jan-Dere uye Ai-Todorsky uye Karalezskoy) zvakarurama chitsuwa.

rwenze Mangup kumativi nhatu mumawere rinoguma. Urefu mune dzimwe dzavo pfungwa iri mamita 70. North materu dombo guru unotemwa vatatu zvakadzama nemipata. Pakati pavo Kapu Dere, Gama-Dere uye Taban-Dere. Mhiri kwemupata ingasvikwa netsoka kana nemotokari. In mumipata vanokura Deciduous uye coniferous miti. Panewo nemiti.

Pakati nemipata ina bhachi (protrusion). Akafanana hofori minwe akatambanudza kurutivi rwokumusoro. Eastern Cape akadana Tekshli-mudariki (Leaky). Hunodzurwa nokuda mumapako chose. Next pazviri - Cape Elli-Burun (vhuvhuta). Zvino raiva Chufut- Choargan-mudariki. mamwe zita rayo - Cape Stormcaller muJudha. The westernmost protrusion - Chamlou-mudariki (Pine).

protohistory

Chokwadi chokuti guta Mangup-Kale (Crimea), vatsvakurudzi havazivi chaizvo rakaumbwa. Maererano Zvakafukunurwa pa nzvimbo yaro nzvimbo yevanhu kugarwa kwayo atova emakore okutanga munguva yedu. Yaiva enyika neechiuto chikuru muzinda zvechiKristu. On rwenze Mangup aiva muguta Pontian rainzi Priscian.

Vanhu vaigara munyika yakanatsa nzvimbo 3., Kwakachengetedzwa pedyo maererano Chersonesus. Izvi kunosimbiswa zvimwe zvinhu pana iyoyo. Saka, pano takawana amphorae enzvimbo mukupera Roman nguva, uye mari yemhangura, yakagadzirwa paitonga Arcadia.

Dzinenge umboo hunotsigira kare nguva munhoroondo hugota rakapotsa vasipo. Unknown uye mazita ayo vatongi okutanga. Pane kufungidzira kuti machinda kutonga Theodoro, vaiva Armenian velmozhnomu Gavras yekare.

The Ages kumwedzi

Kubva muzana remakore rechi15. uye kusvika 1434 panotangira ari Theodoro weutungamiriri akanga akangwara uye nesimba Prince Alexei. Akapa kuwana zvebhizimisi gungwa Lanes, kudzorera chiteshi Calamita.

Muzhizha 1475 pamwe vokuTurkey navo Tatars vakatanga kukomba Mangup-Kale. Vavengi akagarwa nepfuti, izvo panguva iyoyo zvakanga zvakanakisisa. Isu vari zvombo ari Turkish mauto uye pfuti vakabviswa ngarava. Kana vanogara muguta, ivo kungovimba ushingi hwavo uye impregnability wakakombwa masvingo. Zvisinei, pashure penguva yakareba kukombwa, ivo vanotsigira nhare Mangup dzakamanikidzwa kuzvipira. The vokuTurkey akaparadza rakundwa guta, kupukutwa kwemisodzi vanenge vose vaigaramo. Mangup Kale yakava chikamu Turkish dunhu. Up kusvikira muzana remakore rechi18. mukati masvingo nenhare ake aiva uto revarwi varidzi itsva. Yakanga kune musoro Mangup Kale vokuTurkey akatizve, zvinoreva "nhare".

Muna 1783, muCrimea akanga yakatora kuRussia. Panguva iyi, nebani asiya vagari ake okupedzisira. Uye kubva ipapo Nhongonya kamwe simba hugota uye guta guru ndopazvaperera.

Panguva Great Patriotic War, vokuGermany vakatumira Mangup matongo rwendo. Chinangwa chacho chaiva asimbise kungoda Aryan kwakabva Germany vanhu. On dzasara masvingo zvevakomana Mangup Kale achiri zvinogoneka kuwana vakasiya varwi Wehrmacht siginicha yangu ndichipa vanhu.

mugwagwa

Cave guta Mangup-Calais iri kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva musha Krasny Mayak. Kubva munharaunda iyi naye makiromita mashanu.

Kuguma pfungwa rwendo wako Mangup Kale? How kusvika ichi kubako guta? Kuti aite kudaro, nemotokari kumusha Krasny Mayak kana Zalesnoe. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nebhazi kubva Bakhchisaray kana Simferopol "Western." Next, unofanira kutevera munzira, iyo anomhanya mune southerly negwara. Kubva ipapo, chete pfupi pamusoro mudhamu rakagadzirwa nevanhu, vachafanira kuruboshwe kurutivi musha Haji Salah. Asati musha uyu hamungandiurayi tsvina mugwagwa. Of Haji Salah uye achamuka ari rwenze Mangup yayo rwokuchamhembe. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti unoenda kumusha ari akabhadhara.

Pane zvimwe zvaungaita. Kubva yemapurisa, "chechi5 kiromita", riri Sebastopol, unogona kusvika mumusha Terovka. Mberi nzira anotevera mugwagwa T-0105 munzvimbo easterly divi. Mujinga Mangup muhwezva kwaanoda kuchamhembe. Pano zvakafanira kuenda naye, uye, pashure guru rokubvisa, kutanga kukwira pamusoro Mangup kubva kumaodzanyemba kwenzvimbo yakatenuka.

Anokwira pamusoro rwenze

Mangup Kale anogona kuonekwa nokuenda pamusoro joists Taban-Dere Dere kana Gamam. More zvinyoronyoro Simukai mumugwagwa, riri kurutivi rwezasi. Pamusuo ebani, unogona kunakidzwa nokuva mumawere kubata mumapako, waimira kuti kuzvidzivirira zvinangwa.

Mumaminitsi 40 pashure kutanga yaikwira danda Gama Dere muhwezva kuchatungamirira neshongwe, iyo hwaponeswa kwazvo. Kubva nzira yake anokwira steeply kurudyi yakatenuka pomupata, uye kunosvika mumhenderekedzo kuzvidzivirira masvingo. On mundima guta ingasvikwa kuburikidza buri. Mumazuva akare panzvimbo ino, ingangova, paiva suwo.

View kubva rwenze

Saka iwe vasvika vavariro rwendo rwenyu uye akapinda nharaunda yekare Mangup-Kale. The mepu vanofanira kutora navo, kubatsira kuzasi ndokupi. Kumavirira kwemupata kunogona kuonekwa nzvimbo duku kuchamhembe apo pakapinda Sevastopol kubva inoyerera mariri ari Black River. Heano matongo wakakombwa Kalamita.

To rworuboshwe unogona kuona siluetti reshongwe kamwe zvaiva hugota Chembalo. Kuchamhembe kwemupata chirefu mawere Eski-Kermen, izvo enda kure zvikomo kumisha iri pamusoro pavo.

Kumira chiso kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, unogona kuona hwakakura siluetti pamusoro Chatyr-Dag. Nderake pamusoro chikuru akatevedzana Makomo Crimean.

Tour of Plateau

Nyika iyo guta rakanga rakavakwa pamusoro ane elongated kumabvazuva-kumadokero fomu. Plateau iri nyore kuoneka, kudura wakavezwa mudombo mumapako uye matongo masvingo kamwe dzakakwirira chete neshongwe.

Mangup muna 5-6 emakore. iri munharaunda rokumusoro muguta. Raiva pamusoro Tekshli-mudariki. Zvishoma Papera, guta rakanga kuwedzerwa. Dzimba rumwe promontories. Nzvimbo iyi iri yepazasi guta. Kunyange pashure yaigarwa panotangira Taban-Dere. Vaiva basa raanoziva nzvimbo. Kusvikira pamugumo weguta yakaramba isingagarwi kuvapo Pine bhachi chete. Akashumira Mangup Kale kupembedza nharaunda.

Matongo guta rekare

Mangup Kale (ona pazasi mufananidzo) anokwazisa vashanyi pa Cape Tekshli-mudariki ungwandangwanda wenhare. Yaiva yakakwirira chaizvo rusvingo kuzvidzivirira mhando, akavaka kumabvazuva chikamu chikomo kumavirira. Pagedhi pane matongo rechivako. Construction akagadzira kokupedzisira muzana remakore rechi15. To musi, zvakakuvadza zvikuru. On yomukati divi chivakwa unogona kuyemura mhami musuo uye hwindo mawindo, iyo yakashongedzwa rakasiyana ibwe kuvesa. Pano, pakuvaka yakafanana zvikuru muzinda pane yamambo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti raiva dzokugara ramachinda Mangup.

Kwete kure pasuwo ndivo zvasara imwe chechi octagonal yakavakwa rechi8 remakore. Uye kumabvazuva rusvingo Leaky Cape-akaiswa casemates mubako. Izvi, nyore rinooneka unoenda huru pasuwo reguta. Chete bako imomo uye kubva kumavirazuva kuruware. Vakanga zvakakodzera kuti varove muvengi kumusoro, kana iye anozodzidza eguta. Munguva rugare, nebako raishandiswa zvinangwa zvoupfumi.

Pakati kuhondo casemates pakati rokumabvazuva kuruware bako chechi raiva, izvo akashanyirwa ne kutsigira wenhare. The Nzira kuti rwenze mumupata Belbek dzinodzorwa pamwe yokurinda. Aiva chaipo kumagumo cape. Pedyo neshongwe rakavakwa yemauto rezasi chikamu iyo akavezwa mudombo. Top, yakavakwa namabwe, hazvina rakapona kusvikira nhasi. Mujinga reshongwe riri mukova, shure uko pane manera yaienda huru chakagadzirwa bako. Pairi unogona kuenda pasi, kuenda sezvo vaifungidzira mune imwe mujeri pevhu.

In kumaodzanyemba kwemupata ndiyo vakawanda mumapako. Vamwe vavo vaiva mumachechi echiKristu. Kumavirira Gamam Dere matanda anogona kuwanika pamusoro zvasara paMuzinda okupedzisira vatongi Theodoro. A kure pfupi kure vari matongo chechi yechiKristu, yakavakwa mukukudza vasande maviri - Helena uye Constantine.

Vacation mumakomo kuCrimea

Ndinoyemura uye kuongorora matongo mubako taundi riri pamusoro rwenze Mangup - haisi nyaya zuva rimwe. Nokuti vaya vane chido kugara kuruoko enhoroondo pfuma kwenzanga yose uye zvakawanda kuyemura kunoshamisa runako pezvawakaita, mujinga pahotera yakazaruka. Zvinotora vashanyi gore rose.

zororo Great "Mangup-Calais" (zita hotera) achakupa zvose zvokurarama. Pane anopiwa ane optimum mubatanidzwa mabasa uye mitengo. Uyezve, zvinoita here kugara kure nematambudziko ezuva nezuva uye kumhanya-mhanya muguta.