Magnetic Levitation: zvayakaita, unhu uye mienzaniso

Sezvatinoziva, Panyika, nokuda magetsi kuitira nyika, pane rinokweva munda, uye hope kwevanhu kwagara kuikurira angambosvika. Magnetic Levitation - izwi zvikuru naka kupfuura kureva ose chokwadi.

Pakutanga, zvinoreva tsvagai kukwanisa zvinoshamisa kukurira giravhiti uye kutama vanhu kana zvinhu zviri mumhepo pasina nenhumbi. Zvisinei, zvino, rokuti "rinobva levitation" atova zvikuru zvesayenzi.

Dzakabudirira dzakawanda itsva pfungwa, izvo kwakavakirwa chiitiko ichi. Uye vose vari refu chivimbiso izwi zvakaisvonaka mikana ichiita mabasa akawanda kushandiswa. Zvisinei, kuti rinobva levitation rinoitwa haisi zvemashiripiti mazano, uye kushandisa chaizvo chaizvo nokubudirira mune wefizikisi, kureva kuti inodzidza rinobva minda uye zvose zvine chokuita navo.

Vakasvimha dzidziso

Pavanhu kure sainzi, pane maonero kuti rinobva levitation runotungamirirwa kutiza magineti. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi izwi iri raireva kuti akurire giravhiti nyaya uchishandisa imwe remagineti. Mumwe zvachiri ndiro rinonzi magnetic kumanikidzwa, zviri chete rinoshandiswa "hondo" pamwe yepasi kukwezvana.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kana giravhiti kuminyuka chinhu pasi, kuti rinobva kumanikidzwa chinotungamirwa kuitira kuti vamutye nemhaka nawo negwara - kumusoro. Saka pane levitation magineti. The Crux pamusoro Implementation pamusoro dzidziso iri kuti kunofambira mberi Munda kusagadzikana uye asingauyi pfungwa pane imwe nguva, saka kuti zvinobudirira kurwisa kukwezvana asingagoni zvikuru. Saka, zvinodiwa webetsero zvinhu izvo kupa simba remagineti Kugadzikana, saka magineti levitation chinonakidza akanga dzose. Sezvo stabilizers nzira yakasiyana anoshandiswa nayo. Most zvose - Magetsi kuburikidza superconductor, asi pane zvimwe mumunda uyu.

Technical levitation

Chaizvoizvo, rinobva siyana rinoreva zvimwewo izwi yokukunda rinokweva. Saka, zvekushandisa levitation: kudzokorora nzira (pfupi).

With rinobva ano, isu sokuti kunzwisiswa zvishoma, asi pachine imwe nzira magetsi. Kusiyana rokutanga, wechipiri unogona kushandiswa havarongi nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana nezvinhu (mumutsetse wokutanga - chete magnetized) kunyange dielectrics. Tinosiyaniswa sezvo electrostatic uye electrodynamic levitation.

Mukana zvacho pasi pokudzora chiedza kuita sangano achiri kutarisira Kepler. A chiedza kumanikidzwa akaratidza Lebedev. The PARTICIPLE inofamba nenzira chiedza tsime (Manyiminya levitation) photophoresis inonzi akanaka, uye negwara - kunaka.

Levitation mhepo, kusiyana Manyiminya iri zvikuru kushanda pazuva chipo ruzivo. Sezvineiwo, mashoko "piro" - mumwe mhando yayo. The nyore airbag akawana chaizvo nyore - mutakuri substrate uye muzvizhinji kuti mumakomba akachera kuburikidza navo, compressed mhepo ikaridzwa. Panyaya iyi, mhepo vachasimudza simba haaiti Kurema yacho, uye iye Rinoengerera mudenga.

Last nesayenzi panguva iyi nzira - levitation kushandisa acoustic mafungu.

Ndeipi mimwe mienzaniso rinobva levitation?

Vaoni vaifungidzira inotakurika mudziyo kukura nebhegi kuti vaizova "levitate" munhu anodiwa mirayiridzo pamwero chinokosha. Sayenzi atora imwe nzira inoshanda zvikuru uye noitika - akasikwa chitima chinofamba pamusoro rinobva levitation.

History Supertrain

Nokuti pfungwa murwiyo, achishandisa Linear injini, kudare (uye kunyange patented) injiniya German uye muvambi Alfred Zeyn kekutanga. Uye zvakaita muna 1902. Pashure paizvozvo, pave remagetsi kuturika nezvitima vakapakata navo, akazviratidza nenguva: 1906 Franklin Scott Smith akapa mumwe kumumvuri, pakati 1937 uye 1941. anoverengeka patents pamusoro chete nyaya yakanga Hermann Kemper, uye gare gare kuti Briton Eric Leyzveyt akasika munhu kushanda kumumvuri pamusoro injini zvizere kukura. Munguva 60s uyewo vaiitawo kukura yakawana Hovercraft, waiva kuva Wekumusoro soro-nokukurumidza chitima, asi haana, nekuti nemhaka yokushayiwa mari muna 1973, basa rakanga rarambidzwa.

Makore matanhatu chete gare gare, zvakare muGermany, yakavakwa rinobva levitation chitima, nerezenisi kuti mutakurwi senga. The njanji, vakaradzikwa Hamburg, aiva kureba isingasviki kiromita, asi pfungwa akafuridzirwa munzanga kuti chitima iri kuvhiyiwa uye mushure pashoo, ndine kutakura vanhu 50,000 kwemwedzi mitatu. Kumhanya kwayo, nezvinodiwa ano, haana zvikuru - 75 chete km / h.

Kwete Fair, uye vezvokutengeserana maglev (saka vakatumidza chitima, uchishandisa magineti), shuttling pakati yendege uye kuchiteshi muBirmingham kubva 1984, uye wakanyarara pambiru kwemakore 11. Kureba kwakanga kunyange chiduku, 600 chete m, uye kurovedza pamusoro web kusvika 1.5 cm.

Japanese version

Mune ramangwana, iyo hype pamusoro rinobva levitation chitima muEurope kwakaderera. Asi kuguma 90 wacho vari kushingaira kufarira imwe nyika yakadaro yepamusorosoro kufanana Japan. Ndima yayo iri waveswa vamwe vakanaka zvakawanda nzira, iyo vanobhururuka maglev utilizing Chiitiko kuti rinobva levitation. Vanopinda imwe nyika uye nokukurumidza zvinyorwa wakasiyiwa nezvitima izvi. Wokupedzisira vavo vakaratidza sipidhi inodiwa anopfuura 550 km / h.

Humwe tariro

Kudivi rimwe, nezvaanogona dzavo dzinokwezva maglev zvakasimba kufambisa: maererano Masvomhu ose theorists, vaigona kuva pedo remangwana overclock kusvika 1000 makiromita paawa. Pashure actuates ane simba rinonzi magnetic levitation dzavo kuchititadzisa chete mhepo nemishonga. Naizvozvo achipa kunonyanyisa aerodynamic chinotsanangura murwiyo uye anoderedza zvikuru rova zvayo. Uyezve, nokuti kuti havafaniri kubata pengarava, ari kusakara pamusoro nezvitima vakadaro anononoka zvikuru, izvo zvemari kunobatsira chaizvo.

Chimwe ndinoiitawo - achidzikisa ruzha chaizvoizvo: asi Maglev kufamba anenge chinyararire pamusoro kwakajairika nezvitima. The bhonasi hazvina kushandisa kwavo magetsi, saka achidzikisa nezvainoita zvisikwa uye zvakatipoteredza. Uyewo, rinobva levitation chitima anokwanisa kukurira steeper neyemitenusirwa, uye anobvisa kudiwa nokuisa kuchiteshi mutsetse pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda zvikomo uye nemadzinza.

Application mu Energy

No zvishoma kunakidza inoshanda wezwi anogona kunzi kushandiswa kwakapararira rinobva mabheyaringi anokosha nodes zvigadziriswe. kugadzwa kwavo anogadziriswa dambudziko chinokosha kutanga zvinhu kusakara.

Sezvaunoziva, ari chaiwo mabheyaringi kusakara nokururamisira nokukurumidza - vari kuramba kusangana yakakwirira zvemaziso zvinorema. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, tinofanira kutsiva zvikamu izvi zvinoreva kwete chete mamwe mari, asi yakakwirira ngozi vanhu vanoshumira mashandiro. Magnetic mabheyaringi vari kukwanisa kushanda nguva zhinji yakareba, saka kuti kushandisa kwavo rakakodzera chaizvo chero mamiriro akanyanyisa. Zvikurukuru musimba zvenyukireya, mhepo kana zvigadzirwa Mazinga, achiperekedzwa pasi kwazvo / kumusoro tembiricha.

ndege

The dambudziko sei kushandisa simba rinonzi magnetic levitation, mubvunzo anonzwisisa unomuka: apo, pakupedzisira, achaiswa yakabereka uye pasi mberi vanhu yakazara ndege, izvo achashandisa simba rinonzi magnetic levitation? Zvechokwadi, anecdotal hwokuti kwakadaro "UFO" ariko ikoko. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Indian "Vimana" yekare nguva kana kare pedyo nesu nguva reshiyo Hitler "diskolety" kushandiswa, kusanganisira nzira kuronga remagetsi chikwidzo. Vakapona vanoita mifananidzo uye kunyange mapikicha yaivapo yokutevedzera. The mubvunzo unoramba: sei kuisa pfungwa dzose izvi zviitike? Asi zvino kunyanya chine musoro prototypes mu vavambi ano hazvipindi. Kana pamwe zviri vachiri akavanzika mashoko?