Magirazi anotadza kuona?

Vamwe vanhu vanoda kupfeka magirazi nguva nenguva. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana: mumwe munhu asinganzwisisiki mavari, mumwe munhu anoseka, mumwe munhu haadi chiso chake chakagadzirwa nemirazi. Kunyange zvakadaro, mubvunzo hausi kungoita chete aesthetics uye kunyaradza. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti magirazi anonyanya kuonekwa kana achipfeka nguva dzose.

Muna 2013, migumisiro yekudzidza muNigeria yakabudiswa. Inenge 65% yevadzidzi vari muchikamu chekuongorora vakafunga kuti magirasi anokuvadza utano hwemaziso. MuPakistan, pfungwa yakafanana inobatwa ne69% yevanhu, muIndia yeKarnataka - 30%. MuBrazil, kunyange vanachiremba vanofunga kudaro. Pane chikonzero chekuti pfungwa yekuona here?

Vanhu vanofanira kupfeka magirazi kunyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri - hyperopia uye myopia. Chirwere chekutanga chezviitiko zvakawanda chinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwehutano. Pazera remakore makumi mana-50 vanhu vakawanda vanoona kuora kwekuona, kunetseka pakuverenga, somuenzaniso, muchiedza. Kukwegura kunokanganisa hutano hwemajeri eziso, zvichiita kuti zvisike zvishoma, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kugadzirisa apo mararamiro kune chinhu chinoshanduka. Iwe unotenga kutenga magirasi ekuverenga, apo iwe usingakwanisi kubvumira maoko ako kuti atame bhuku kana menu kubva kumeso kusvika kumuganhu unoda.

Zvisinganzwisisiki, migumisiro nemigumisiro yenguva refu yekupfeka magirazi hainzwisisiki. Maererano nehutano huripo, kupfeka magirasi ekuverenga hakubatsiri maziso. Sei vanhu vakawanda zvakadaro vachigutsikana nezvakasiyana?

Tingafungidzira kuti kuvimba kwegirazi kunowedzera nenguva, nokuti lens iri kuwedzera kuora mwoyo. Vanhu vanowanzotarisa magirazi, vachigumisa kuti ivo ndivo vanokonzera kutadza kuona, pasinei nokuti ukama hwakadaro hunenge husipo.

Kubva pamaonero ezvenguva refu, hazvina basa kana munhu akapfeka girazi kana kwete. Zvisinei, kana akatarisa maziso ake mukuverenga, pangave nemusoro kana kusuruvara mumaziso.

Unoona kuora kwekuona kwakaipa here? Dambudziko rekugadzirisa kwakarurama

Apo patinotendeukira kune vana, mubvunzo uchave wakasiyana. Kana vabereki vachiri vaduku kumwana kusina kukwana kutora magirazi kana kusatora zvachose, pane zvichava nemigumisiro.

Kwenguva yakareba yakatendwa kuti nekusafungisisa, zvakanyanyobatsira kupfeka zvisikwa zvegirasi, kubvira pakuwedzerwa kwemaziso eziso, uye, nokudaro, kuora kwemaonero, kunonoka. Tsananguro iyi yaiva nharo inotevera: kana munhu akapfeka girazi akasarudzwa maererano neyakagadziriswa, zvino kana achitarisa pane chimwe chinhu chiri pedyo, ziso rinoedza kutambanudza, uye izvi zvinofanira kudzivirirwa.

Migumisiro yekudzidza kwakaitwa muMalaysia muna 2002 yakaratidza kuipa kweiyo pfungwa. Yaiva nevana 94 vakawanikwa vaine myopia, vakagoverwa mumapoka maviri. Mune rimwe boka, vana vakasarudzwa magirazi maererano neyepepeti, mune rimwe boka - risina simba kudarika zvakakosha. Pakutanga kwekudzidza, zera revana raiva kubva pa9 kusvika kune gumi nemana. Kwemakore maviri, kureba kwemaziso ebiso kwakayerwa mushure mokunge zvimwe nguva. Chidzidzo chacho chakaratidza kuwedzera kwekuona nekuwedzerwa kukuru kweziso revana pavanopfeka magirasi asina simba.

Yakabudiswa muna 2011 Kuongorora kweCchrane (idzi tsvakurudzo dzakagadzirirwa nesangano rezvepasi rose revanachiremba vakakodzera - Cochrane Collaboration) zvidzidzo zvevana vanorwara ne "myopia" vakapedzisa kuti zvakanaka kupfeka zvakakodzera, kwete kusimba magirazi.

Ichangobva kuparidzirwa, iyo yakanyanya kuresa munhoroondo yemakumi maviri nematatu yekudzidza kwekukurumidza myopia inotaura nezvezvakasiyana. Muna 1983, muFinland, chidzidzo chacho chaisanganisira mapoka mashoma evana vasingafungi, akaparadzaniswa nezvimwe zvikamu. Boka iro vana vaiverenga vasina magirazi vakaratidza migumisiro yakanyanya kusimba, kuora kwekuona kwakanyanya kuitika kune avo vaigara vachipfeka magirazi. Makore matatu gare gare, vana vose vakapiwa mazano okupfeka magirazi nguva dzose. Pazera remakore makumi maviri, kwakanga kusina kusiyana pakati pemapoka.

Maererano neyakakurumbira ophthalmologist, magirazi anonyatsosarudzwa haagoni kukuvadza utano hwemaziso.

Chokwadi chiri pachena kune munhu wose ndechikonzero nei mwana asina maziso asingaoni anofanira kupfeka magirazi. Nokuti Maziso ake ariwo pasi pekudzidza, kusarudzwa kwegirazi dzakasarudzwa zvinogona kukonzera kukura kwe amblyopia, iyo inonzi "meso ane usimbe", sezvo retina yakashaya ruzivo rwekuwana mufananidzo wakajeka uye wakarurama. Uyezve, vakaona kuti magirazi akaenzana kune chiremba anowedzera kuverenga nekukurumidza nekuderedza mukana wekushungurudza.

Asi ngatishandirei kune vanhu vakuru. Iyi nzvimbo haina kunzwisiswa. Zvakazoitika kuti hakuna munhu akaitisa zvidzidzo zvakadaro kusvika ikozvino.

Maererano nechirembachire weMorfield Ophthalmologic Hospital muLondon, Purofesa Anant Viswanathan, hakuna hutsvakurudzo, sezvo pasina zvikonzero zvepfungwa zvekufunga kuti magirazi anoparadza maonero.