Mabhuku remakore rechi19 kuRussia, vamiririri mabhuku mirayiridzo

Mabhuku remakore rechi19 yokuRussia iri chokuita kukurumidza maruva tsika. Manyukunyuku uye anokosha ezvakaitika kare pezvakaitwa zvinoratidzwa usingafi mabasa evanyori uye vadetembi. Nyaya iyi kuna nhengo Golden Age mabhuku Russian uye chikuru mirayiridzo iyi kumwedzi.

munhau

Mabhuku remakore rechi19 yokuRussia yave nokuda kwounyanzvi mazita makuru akadai Baratynsky, baba, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, Fet, mutauro, Tiutchev. Uye kupfuura zvose, Pushkin. Near munhau kwakaratidzwa iyi. Pamusoro pokumuka Russian prose uye nhetembo kwakakonzerwa uye Patriotic Hondo 1812, uye rufu mukuru Napoleon, uye kugadzira upenyu Byron. nyanduri Chirungu, uyewo French mukuru, kare vakatora pfungwa echimurenga pfungwa vanhu Russia. Kumukira Decembrists uye hondo wokuRussia-Turkish, uyewo Zvisaririra rechiFrench Revolution, kuparadzira mumativi ose Europe - zviitiko zvose izvi zvava anowedzera simba yakanakisisa pfungwa okusika.

Paaiva kumadokero nyika kunze ari echimurenga sangano vakatanga kubuda uye nemweya rusununguko uye kuenzana, Russia akasimbisa simba rayo monarchical, kubata Decembrists uye kudzivisa kumukirawo. Hazvaikwanisa kuramba pasina pfungwa vemifananidzo, vanyori uye vadetembi. Mabhuku kwezana remakore rechi19 muRussia - kupangidza ndangariro uye zvakaitika yepamusoro strata munzanga.

classicism

Vachitungamirirwa aesthetic ichi kunzwisisa zvinoyevedza manyorerwo, izvo zvakabva Europe, tsika yechipiri yezana XVIII remakore. The chikuru zviri izvozvo - zviri rationalism uye zvaidiwa kuzviomesera canons. Kwidza nyaya yekare siyana uye nhungamiro Matatu Vanhu siyana uye classicism remakore rechi19 kuRussia. Zvisinei, Literature, mune ichi unyanzvi werudzii pakutanga remakore vakatanga kutora nzvimbo yavo. Classicism zvishoma nezvishoma kutsiva mirayiridzo akadai sentimentalism, romanticism.

Tenzi romubati mashoko akatanga kusika mabasa avo Genres itsva. Vakava nevakawanda mabasa sezvinoita kare yokufungidzira, nyaya kudanana, ballad, ode, nhetembo, nzvimbo, kwouzivi uye rudo mashoko.

realism

Mabhuku remakore rechi19 kuRussia hanya ne zita Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Pedyo thirties basa rake zvakasimba chinzvimbo chepamusoro chaizvoizvo prose. Zvinofanira akati kuti muvambi ichi mabhuku kufamba mu Russia anonzi pashure Pushkin.

Venhau uye satire

Zvimwe zviratidzo European tsika muzana remakore rechi18 nhaka mabhuku remakore rechi19 kuRussia. Muchidimbu, unogona kuziva huru zviri nhetembo uye prose ichi nguva - satirical uye journalistic. Nomuitiro tsanangura uipi hwevanhu uye utera kwenzanga kuonekwa mabasa evanyori akasika mabasa avo forties. Mumabhuku kutsoropodzwa zvakanga Kwapera kwatemwa mabhuku kuitika, kuunganidzwa vanyori satirical uye journalistic prose. "Natural chikoro" - raiva zita iri zvinoyevedza werudzii, riri Zvisinei, anonzi "pachikoro Gogol." Other vamiriri ichi mabhuku kufamba - Nekrasov, Dal, sydäntä, Turgenev.

tsoropodzo

Dzematongerwe enyika "rwokuzvarwa chikoro" akaratidza mutsoropodzi Belinsky. Pokufumura uye zvachose zvakaipa vava misimboti vamiririri ichi mabhuku kufamba. A maitiro chinhu mubasa ravo vava evanhu. Genres Major - rondedzero, magariro uye zvepfungwa yokufungidzira uye nyaya munzanga.

Mabhuku remakore rechi19 yokuRussia yave rakavapo pasi pokudzora mabasa shamwari siyana. Yakanga iri yokutanga chikamu ichi remakore, paiva kuwedzera mune journalistic mumunda. A rakakura nezvainoita mabhuku muitiro une Belinsky. Uyu murume aiva nemano anoshamisa kunzwa enhetembo chipo. Ndiye wokutanga kuziva tarenda Pushkin, Lermontov, Gogol, Turgenev, Dostoevsky.

Pushkin uye Gogol

Literature 19-20 remakore Russia zvaizova zvakasiyana, uye zvechokwadi havana kudaro kujeka pasina vanyori izvi zviviri. Vaiva chaizvo kwakabatsira kukura prose. Uye vazhinji okunze kuti chakaunzwa mabhuku, vakava dzenhoroondo dzemunharaunda. Pushkin uye Gogol kwete chete kuva nhungamiro akadai realism, asi akasikawo hachizi zvitaera itsva hwokudhirowa. Mumwe wavo - mufananidzo "murume muduku", iro gare gare yambokurukurwa kwete chete mabasa nevanyori Russian, asiwo dzimwe mabhuku, regumi namapfumbamwe uye emakore maviri.

Lermontov

nyanduri uyu aivawo rebei simba pamusoro pokumuka mabhuku Russian. Mushure zvose, ndicho kusikwa chinhu chakadai somunhu "gamba nguva." With ake chiedza ruoko, yava kwete mabhuku, asi muupenyu paruzhinji. Lermontov zvakare aiitawo kukura Genre ari mupfungwa yokufungidzira.

Nguva yose rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, nomukurumbira mazita matarenda unhu zvikuru, uyo aishanda mune mabhuku (zvose prose uye nhetembo). Vanyori Russian mukupera nemasere remakore, akatora pamusoro zvemashoko vamwe vedu Western navo. Asi nokuda unopinza kusvetuka kukura nemagariro uye nounyanzvi Russian dzenhoroondo mabhuku somugumisiro Akazova ndarayira unokosha kupfuura ipapo Western Europe. Basa Pushkin, Turgenev, Dostoevsky uye Gogol akava rutivi tsika nyika. Mabasa Vanyori Russian ava wokuenzanisira vaivimba pashure German, British uye American vanyori.