Lysosome: marongerwo uye kushanda muchitokisi organelles

Pakati dzakasiyana-siyana cellular zvivako, mumwe chete muitiro anokwanisa enzymatic cleavage nevamiririri. It lysosome. Chimiro uye basa, kunyanya nzvimbo yaro iri rakasiyana-siyana zvinyama ichakurukurwa munyaya yedu.

Lysosome: mamiriro uye mashandiro

Shoko "lysis" rinoshandurwa kubva muchiGiriki rinoreva "kuparadzwa." Uye ane Mhedziso nemazvo rinoburitsa musimboti wacho kuenda sero organelles. Lysosomes vari nemaziso vesicles, kazhinji spherically akaumbwa. dhayamita kwavo haawanzotauri Sizes pamusoro 100-180 nm. Kunze, ivo takapoteredzwa membrane. Inside zvinosanganisira hydrolytic makemikari, izvo iumbe acidic ezvinhu. Izvi zvakasikwa zvinhu zviri zvipenyu catalysts. Ivo rikurumidze nemakemikari, asi havasi zvigadzirwa zvavo. Anoendeswa pamwe chete, lysosome - network marongerwo uye mashandiro anoita izvo akaisa kune huru basa - kukamurwa masero kuti yeimwe.

Location lysosomes

Yawanikwa lysosome sero ndohwaJehovha muBelgian kemisiti uye zvipenyu Christian of Dyuvu. Uye chiitiko ichi yakatanga kusvika 1955. Mushure musayendisiti akadzidza zvakadzama marongerwo uye mashandiro lysosomes masero. Maererano nemashoko aya, enzayemu organelles mumasero akaronga zvose eukaryotic Utachiona, zvinomera, mhuka uye hunokuvadza. Asi prokaryotic utachiona hatisi, saka havana vanokwanisa phagocytosis uye intracellular kugayiwa zvinhu.

The vamiririri siyana umambo zvakasikwa nhamba date zvivako zvinosiyana zvikuru. In chirimwa zvinenge uye hunokuvadza ndivo vakuru uye anatomically lysosomes vari vacuoles, saka kazhinji vari yakazonaka. Asi masero mhuka, nhamba yavo anogona kusvika zviuru zvakawanda digits. Chero zvazvingava, uwandu hwavo hakuiti kupfuudza shanu muzana nhamba. Zviya, chete akasimbisa chokwadi kuti nyama dzomuviri kuti mhuka lysosomes hatisi chete masero matsvuku eropa - red ropa masero.

The mashandiro ari lysosomes

Lysosome, marongerwo uye kushanda izvo kunoita intracellular kugaya, anokwanisa ichi munzira dzakawanda, zvichienderana ayo mhando. Vamwe vavo Kubatanidza pamwechete phage uye pinocytosis vesicles uye pamwe chete kuumba zvomudumbu vacuole. chaizvo basa ravo. Ndicho Implementation pamusoro intracellular kugayiwa zvinhu, kureva Sero kudya kunovaka.

Rumwe rudzi lysosomes anoshanda kubvisa vakafa masero organelles, masero kure, kana kunyange tishu zvimedu. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti organelles izvi kuparadza miviri larval zvokukura mhuka dzakadai gills uye miswe ose tadpoles amphibians. Rumwe rudzi lysosomes vakakwanisa kuswedera pemvura Kamudzira, kuita kubviswa pachavo makemikari uye extracellular kugaya.

Meaning of enzymatic siyana

Ndezvipi marongerwo uye mashandiro lysosomes, hatina kare apindura. Asi pezvakaitwa vari sei kukosha kuitwa organelles izvi masero uye zvipenyu yose? Akaumba pamusoro membranes ose ari Golgi midziyo uye kuti endoplasmic reticulum, vari aumba kubva chikuru matema dzavo. Uye kokutanga, makemikari zviri mazviri vane vakaneta.

By achideredza acidity kwezvakatipoteredza, mamiriro ezvinhu anochinja. Makemikari kwakachenjera uye votanga kushingaira vaite mabasa avo. Vanoparadza utachiona nezvimedu, uye zvivako zvisingakoshi kuti kare akazadzisa basa ravo. Kana izvi zvikasaitika, sero nyore vakatendeukira tsvina okuchengetera. Dzimwe nguva muviri inoda sero kuzvipira kugaya, izvo vaizongoguma kutungamirira ayo kwaitika. Zvisinei, izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakakodzera uye kunyange zvichidiwa. Somuenzaniso, rufu tadpole muswe masero ari padariro kwayo kushanduka kuva datya. Saka zvinhu akaumba panguva muitiro unogona kushandiswa nevamwe masero. Naizvozvo, mabasa kwakaitwa lysosomes, zvakakodzera kuti zvakajairika kushanda masero pachake uye yose muviri.

Lysosome, marongerwo uye kushanda izvo zvatakurukura munyaya yedu odnomembrannoy organelle masero prokaryotic zvipenyu. Vane woita vesicles ane makemikari anogona muchinamatira kunzwisisa makemikari.