Latin nokuti Beginners: arufabheti, girama muchidimbu uye mazano nokuda tsika

The mutauro Latin, kunyange vaiona akafa, akadzidza uye vakashandisa munyaya zhinji mabasa evanhu: mutemo, mushonga, pharmacology, zvipenyu. Huwandu ruzivo aifanira murume anoenderana application uye pakupedzisira chinangwa, asi chero zvakadaro zvinokosha kuziva zvinokosha. In bepa iri isu funga mubvunzo kuti akaita kosi "rechiLatin Beginners". Alphabet, girama ongororo uye mazano pamusoro tsika - ndiwo shoma inodiwa kubatsira vari kuzvipira kudzidza.

Alphabet uye phonetics

Kubva apo kutanga kudzidza mutauro Latin? For beginners, zvakakosha, pakutanga kwezvose, ruzivo earufabheti. Zvinosanganisira 24 tsamba. Yakavakirwa zveBhaibheri pamusoro vanyatsodudza dzibatane uye approximated kuti fungidzira ezita vaRoma vekare. Pasi riri transcription yeRussian.

Pane zvimwe zvinhu zvavo kuverenga.

The nzvanyira ini verenga se [a] uye [ka] pamberi mavhawero, h - aspirated, L - achiitirwa moyo sezvakaita French y unorira [uye]. Letter C ari kuverenga se [N] e, i, y, kwavatumwa, oe kana [kuti] kuti, o, u uye magumo mashoko. S Ruzha [va] pakati mavhawero, X - ne [KC].

Diphthongs verenga sezvinotevera:

1. kwavatumwa - [b]
2. oe - [O]
3. au - [Kadha]
4. EU - [EU]
5. AND ch - [X]
6. NGU - [NGV]
7. ph - [F]
8. qu - [Q]
9. kusapindirana kweropa - [P]
10. fung - [t]
11. ti-- [yeWatchtower]

madudziro emazwi

Kuti kuverenga shoko, unofanira zvakanaka kuisa madudziro emazwi, iyo kunoenderana nezvenzvimbo mavhawero uye mabhii. Nzvanyira rinonzwika, akavapindurawo, akakamurwa:

• pfupi (akazivisa nokukurumidza) - A, E, ndikati, Aiwa, U, Y;
• refu (akatambanudza mu madudzirwo) - A, E, ndikati, Aiwa, u, ȳ.

Mabhii ndiwo:

• rakavhurika - mugumo nzvanyira;
• up - mugumo nzvanyira.

Nyaya iri rokutanga mabhii, kana shoko riri disyllabic (pazuva rokupedzisira mabhii haina nokusingaperi kuisa). Kana shoko rinoumbwa matatu kana kupfuura mabhii, kunetseka iri rechipiri mabhii kubva kumugumo, kana zviri refu, uye wechitatu, kana zviri pfupi.

girama

The kosi "rechiLatin Beginners" kunosanganisira girama zvinokosha. In Latin, nhengo dzose kutaura vari rakakamurwa modifiable (pazita, chipauro, shoko rechiito, nhamba, chisazitasingwi) uye chisingaperi (PARTICIPLE, Zvireva mwene, conjunctions, interjection).

With girama kuzvidzora kudzidza zvinofanira kugadziriswa kubudikidza zvinoyamura, iro rine mhinduro kurovedza kuzviongorora. Zvinokurudzirwa vaite vakawanda kurovedza inobatsira kuti michina unyanzvi vanoshandisa zvivakamutauro zvivako, uye somugumisiro, mashoko akafukidza acharangarirwa kwenguva refu.

tsika

Kudzidza arufabheti uye girama zvishoma nezvishoma asingavaki pusa Mutauro unokura, izvo gare gare kunofanira kusashanda kana kuverenga magwaro. Panguva iyi, pachava mashoko matsva kuti shanduro izvo achada Collegiate Dictionary Somuenzaniso, huru Latin-Russian. Kana uchiziva Chirungu, unogona prioresti Elementary Latin Dictionary uye Oxford Latin Dictuonary. Zvinokoshawo kuva ega, uye nguva nenguva kudzokorora mashoko akabuda kwaari.

Kuverenga - yokupedzisira pavaipfuura kosi "rechiLatin Beginners". Panguva iyi sandara, Zvinokurudzirwa kuverenga magwaro akadai:

1. Fabulae Facilies.
2. L atin Reader.
3. De Viris Illustribus.
4. The Latin Vulgate Bible.

Zvishoma nezvishoma kudiwa omesa basa uye kutama kubva pakuverenga nyore kunzwisisa pasina duramanzwi. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, zvakakodzera kosi "Assimil", Schola Latina Universalis uye forum kuti vadzidzi Latin, apo dzaungadzidzire kutaura uye kuwana mazano kana chinhu haasi pachena.