Kunyora kwekambani yekutengeserana: kushanda, mari, mazwi uye nzira

MuRussia, kunyoresa kwekutengeserana kunotungamirirwa nemutemo chaiwo Nha. 3520-1 yeSeptember 23, 1992. Iyo nzira inoitwa neHeral Service Service yeIntellectual Property, Breent and Trademarks (iyo inotevera inonzi inhengo yakagamuchirwa). Kare, basa iri rakaitwa neRospatent. Muchikamu chino tichakurukura kuti nzira iyi inoitwa sei.

General information

Kuita bhizimisi nemuviri unogamuchirwa kunoitwa zvakasununguka kana kuburikidza negweta. Kune veRussia vanogara kune imwe nyika kune dzimwe nyika, kana vatorwa vasiri vatorwa, mhosva dzinotungamirirwa chete kuburikidza nevanyanzvi. Kunyoresa kwekodhiki kunowanikwa mumatanho akawanda:

1. Kugadzirira kwekushanda.
2. Kunyora kwake kunyoresa.
3. Kutarisa nyaya yacho.
4. Kunyatsozvinyora pachako.

Paunenge uchitarisa chigadziro, sarudzo yakarongeka uye nyanzvi yezvinyorwa inoitwa, mushure mokunge mubvunzo wekuti kunyora kana kuramba kuita mutemo unosarudzwa. Ngationei zvakanyatsoona nhanho imwe neimwe.

Kugadzirira kwekushanda

Iyi nhanho inoitwa maererano nemitemo inokosha inogamuchirwa nemurairo weRospatent musi waMarch 23, 2003. Maererano nemagwaro aya, kushandiswa kwekunyora kwechirongwa kunosanganisira mashoko:

• Chikumbiro chekunyora, chinoratidza ruzivo rwomunhu anozvida iye pachake, nzvimbo yake yokunyora uye yekugara;
• Kurongwa;
• Nhamba yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa nenzira iyi: dzinofanirwa kuumbwa maererano neChirangaridzo cheNyika Dzose (ICGS) chakakodzera;
• Tsanangudzo.

Ndima yekupedzisira inofanirwa kutsanangura kuti chii chinonyanya kukosha kwekutsanangurwa uye nemiganhu yekuzivikanwa kwayo inosanganisira. Chimiro chinosanganisira chimiro, kuratidzwa kwezvikamu, zvinoreva sezvose uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe.

1. Nekutaura kwemashoko kusina mutoro wekusimudzira, zvinokosha kuratidza kuti yakagadzirwa sei. Kana iyo inoshandiswa mumutauro weRussia kashoma, saka unofanirwa kutsanangura zvinorevei. Kana zita iri rinoratidzwa mumutauro wokumwe, kushandurirwa kwechiRussia alphabet, uyewo kushandura, zvinoreva izwi muRussian (kana riripo) rinofanira kupiwa.
2. Nechinyorwa chekufananidzira - chakakwana kana chikasarura - chinoratidzawo zvinoreva, kana pane. Kana vamwe vakadzingiswa, chiratidzo chinofanirwa kutsanangurwa.
3. Mukuvapo kwekugadzirwa kwechiedza, zviratidzo izvi zvinoratidzwa uye zvinorondedzerwa, nguva yavo nezvimwe zvinhu zvose.
4. Mukuvapo kwezwi, kunzwika, mafirimu akasiyana-siyana nemapikiramu anofanana anotsanangurwa.

Mukuwedzera kune chikumbiro, risiti yakabatanidzwa pamubhadharo webasa rehurumende uye mutemo weboka rakazara. Zvadaro mapepa emapepa anotumirwa, anofungidzirwa uye akanyoreswa pamutemo. Mari inoshandiswa mazuva ano ndeye 8,500 rubles + 1,500 rubles yekirasi yeI ICGS, iyo inopfuura yekutanga.

Kuendesa kushandiswa

Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinoiswa mumunhu kana zvinogona kutumirwa nepositi. Mukuwedzera, chikumbiro chinotumirwa nefeksi, asi nekugoverwa kwemagwaro epakutanga munguva yemberi. Iyo pepa inotumirwa muchidimbu.

Asi chimiro chekufananidzira chinoshandiswa mumakopi mashanu. Kana ikatora mavara akasiyana-siyana, kunze kwekutsva nemuchena, mavara mashanu uye mifananidzo yakafanana yakachena uye yakachena inofanira kuiswa. Kune mamwe magwaro, kopi imwe yakakwana.

Apo sarudzo inogamuchirwa nemutumbi wakagamuchirwa, iyo inopiwa nhamba gumi-nhamba, apo mazita mana okutanga anomiririra gore, nhamba yechishanu inomiririra yezvigadzirwa zvemabhizimusi pechipfumi, uye zororo-nhamba ye serial. Munhu anokumbira anoziviswa nezvechokwadi ichi. Hazvikwanisi kuidzorera.

Chokutanga

Panzvimbo inotevera, apo sarudzo inofungidzirwa, chinonyanya kupiwa kutanga. Nokudaro, kutanga kwegungano kunosimbiswa kana ichiiswa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekushandiswa kwekutanga kwePato chikamu kuParis Convention.

Kana chiziviso chacho chikaiswa pane chiratidziro chepamutemo chakaitwa mune imwe yenyika dzenhengo dzeParis Convention, ipapo mukati mehafu yegore kubvira musi wokutanga chiratidzo chekutanga chinoratidzwa. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, munhu anenge aita izvi anofanira:

• Ratidza izvi izvi paunenge uchiisa chikumbiro kana kuti kubvuma kwaHhovisi yePentent mukati memwedzi miviri;
• Isa zvinyorwa zvinosimbisa mutemo weizvidiwa, kana kuti uzviise kumuviri wakagadzwa mukati memwedzi mitatu.

Chikumbiro chakasiyana chinogonawo kuitika. Inoshandiswa pane imwe nheyo, yakataurwa kare. Tsvakiriro yakadaro yakanyoreswa musi wawakatumira dhiyabhorosi yepakutanga, kana isina kubviswa. Chikumbiro chakagoverwa chinofanira kuendeswa kunyange kune izvo zvakasiyana zvekugadzirwa kwezviitiko kana kukakavadzana kuchikwira pamusoro pezita rezvigadziro maererano nekunyorwa kwechiratidzo chacho.

Ipapo iwe unogona kuwana chiiti chezvimwe zvinhu. Uye pamusoro pevaya vari mukukakavadzana, mubvunzo uchagadziriswa gare gare. Uyewo, chinonyanya kukosha ndechokunyorwa kwenyika kune imwe nyika yekutengeserana, iyo inoitwa maererano nesungano pakati peRussia nedzimwe nyika.

Unyanzvi hwakanaka

Rudzi urwu rwekuongororwa, iro rechipiri zita rekuti "kutanga", rinoitwa mukati memwedzi kubva pazuva raunotumira magwaro. Panguva ino, kuwanikwa kwemagwaro ose, zvinyorwa zvavo nekuteerera zvinotarisirwa nemutemo zvinoongororwa. Kubva pamigumisiro yaro, nyaya yekubvuma kana kuramba chirongwa inosarudzwa.

Unyanzvi hwokudanwa

Kuongorora kwekudaidzwa kunonzi kunoitika kunoitika mushure mekuongorora kwepamutemo. Zvadaro sarudzo inofungidzirwa kutevedzera Mutemo Nha. 3520-1. Nokudaro, mukana wekutsanangura, kukwanisa kudzivirira, chimiro uye kufanana nezvimwe zvikwangwani zvinotarirwa. Kuongorora kunoitwa maererano neMitemo, iyo yakagamuchirwa neChirongwa cheRevatent Nhamba 32 yaMarch 5, 2003.

Chisarudzo Kuita

Kunyange zvisati zvasarudzwa chisarudzo, anenge akakumbira anoziviswa nezvechigumisiro chekuongorora. Pamwe chete naye, zvinorongwa kupa zvikonzero zvezvikonzero zvakapiwa muziso. Izvi zvichafanirwawo kuverengwa kana chisarudzo chikaitwa. Zvisinei, nharo dzinofanirwa kutumirwa mushure memwedzi mitanhatu kubva panguva iyo munhu anenge apedza kubvumirwa achigamuchira kutumirwa. Hurumende inyoresa kodzero yekutengeserana uye sarudzo yakatarwa inogona kuongororwa nehurumende yakagamuchirwa munyaya dzinotevera:

• Kana chikumbiro chine chekutanga chinogamuchirwa kwekambani yezvigadzirwa zvakafanana;
• Zita ravo rekutsanangurwa kwenzvimbo yepakati yakafanana neyo yakaziviswa;
• Chimwe chinyorwa chine trademark imwechete chakaonekwa;
• Chikumbiro chemunhu wacho chakatumirwa uye chakabvumirwa nechinjuko chakaita kuti mukana wekutsausa mutengi.

Kuregererwa kwetsika

Kana kuongororwa kwezvakataurwa kunzi kwakapedzwa kubudirira, zvinoramba zvichibhadhara basa rehurumende. Parizvino, kubhadhara kwematongerwo emakambani ekutengeserana kunosvika zviuru gumi rubles. Rimwe boka pamwe chete nechikwereti chayo chichasvika mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu. Kana kubhadhara kwekubhadhara kwebasa rehurumende isingabhadharwi , ipapo sarudzo inodzingwa.

Chikwangwani chinobudiswa nehurumende yakagamuchirwa mukati memwedzi kubva pamusi iwoyo chiratidzo chekutengeserana (muRospatent dzakadaro dzakashandurwa kare, zvino FIPS inopindira mune izvi).

Ruzivo rwunopindirana nemutemo uyu uye rwunopinda muRejista rwakabudiswa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu nedare rakagamuchirwa mune rimwe bhuku rinokosha - iyo nhau.

Saka, takakurukura kuti nzira yakadini yakafanana nekunyora kwechirongwa (muRospatent kana mu FIPS - hazvina kukosha). Uye panguva ipi yandingashandisa patent? Inoshanda kwemakore gumi. Iko kunofanira kuyeukwa kuti kuverenga kunotaridzwa kubva panguva yekuisa chikwata, uye kwete kubva pazuva rawakagamuchira chiremba. Izwi rekunyora kwechirongwa, zvisinei, rinogona kuwedzerwa maererano neshoko rakataurwa nemunhu ane kodzero chete. Tsamba yakadaro inogona kutumirwa kwemakore gumi.

Normative base

Izvi zvinotevera mitemo yepamutemo ndeye mapepa anotungamirira hurongwa hwekunyora.

1. Mutemo Nha. 3520-1 weSeptember 23, 1992.
2. Mitemo, iyo yakagamuchirwa neRospatent, Nha. 32 yeMarch 5, 2003.
3. ICGS.

Pasina rubatsiro rwevanyori

Kana zvakasarudzwa kuti kubhadhara kuzvimiririra kwechirongwa ichi chichaitwa, muridzi anofanira kunge achiziva kuti pakushandiswa kwayo zvakakosha kukwanisa kupindura mibvunzo yakawanda yemibvunzo. Tinovanyorera:

1. Ko zita racho rinogona kubhadharwa sechiratidzo here?
2. Ndiani achange ane kodzero dzayo? Munhu ane kodzero anogona kunge ari IP kana sangano repamutemo.
3. Ndeipi chaiyo inosanganiswa mune urongwa hwezvinhu kana maitirwo? (Nyaya yacho inotorwa maererano neI ICGS).

Zvadaro, zviito zvakawanda zvinofanira kutorwa.

Kutanga, zvakakosha kuti uite chiyero chekuzivikanwa nekunyorerwa uye zviratidzo zvakanyoreswa kusvika panguva ino. Dzinofanirwa kuva dzepakutanga, zvisingafananidzi izvo zviri kushandiswa. Nekushandiswa kwezvinyorwa zvepamusoro zvebasa iri zvinogona kutora mazuva anenge 3-5.

Chechipiri, tinoda kuziva kuti tinganyore sei, tipei mazita akadaro uye mikana yekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhosva.

Chechitatu, kuripa mari yehurumende yekutumira magwaro, uye zvekuongorora.

Chechina, kana iwe wakaramba kubhadhara, ita mhinduro inokurudzira.

Chechipiri, kuripa mutemo wehurumende yekutumira chikwangwani.

Rubatsiro rwevanyori

Kuzvinyora kwekutengeserana kwekodzero yekutengeserana - iyo nzira inobvumirwa, asi yakaoma. Nokudaro, makambani akawanda anosarudza kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune dzimwe sangano. Nyanzvi dzinopa mazano anotevera:

• Kufambisa tsanangudzo dzakawanda;
• Ongorora mamiriro ezvinhu uye, kana zvichidikanwa, uuye nebasa racho maererano neve international classifier;
• Gadzirira zvinyorwa zvose uye upe chikumbiro;
• Kuzvidzivirira kuzvibata nekukurukurirana neyanyanzvi.

Mukuwedzera, rubatsiro mukuchengetedza chikwangwani chinobva pamakwikwi asina kukodzera kunogona kupiwa . Kana zvakasarudzwa kushanda kune imwe kambani inokosha, inotanga kudiwa kuti iite mibvunzo pamusoro payo. Kana sangano riine ruzivo rwakawanda, izvi zvichadzivirira zvikuru bhizimisi rako. Mushure mezvose, vadzidzisi vepachivande patent uye magweta vangave vasina kuunza nyaya yacho kune mhinduro yakanaka.
Mune sangano rinopupurirwa, kunze kwekuchengeteka, ichaponeswa kusvika kumavhiki matatu. Ivo vane mukurumbira wakakwirira wevako pachavo. Saka, vashandi vachaita zvose zvavanogona, uye mikana yekubudirira kwechiitiko ichi ichawedzera zvikuru.

Kunyoresa kwenyika yose kwekodhikisi

Zvinyorwa zvinogona kutumirwa, somuenzaniso, pasi pekutongwa kweMadrid Protocol uye Chibvumirano. Sangano rakadaro rine zvigaro zvinobatsira. Funga nezvazvo.

1. Chimwe chikumbiro chinogona kuendeswa kune dzimwe nyika uko kunyoresa kwekodhiki kuchidiwa.
2. Mutengo wemuiti wekutsvaga uchaderedzwa zvikuru (kusati kwabhadharwa mari yemagweta uye mari yepasi rose).
3. Mune ramangwana, kune mukana wekubatanidza dzimwe nyika, izvo zvichange zvichidikanwa kubhadhara mari.
4. Pane chirongwa chakareruka chekuwedzera kana kugadzirisa kubhadhara. Ndizvo kuti chirevo chacho chakafanana kune zviito zvakasiyana.
5. Nguva yekufungisisa rudzi urwu rwekunyora ndeye mwedzi gumi nemasere.

Inogadzirwa sei?

Ngatikurukurei muchidimbu kuti ndeipi nzira yekunyorwa kwechitendero muRussia.

1. Chikumbiro chinotumirwa kuWIPO MB kuburikidza neHhovisi rePentent reRussia.
2. Zvichitenderera nyika dzinonyorwa kudiwa, dhidhiyo inotumirwa nenzira yeshoko rekutanga kana rwenyika.
3. Mushure mekunge wagamuchirwa, kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti uone kana zvinhu zveChirangaridzo cheNyika yose zviri mukuteerera, mabasa ekunyora ari kuitwa, uye muridzi wacho anopiwa chikafu chakakodzera.
4. Uyezve, magwaro akakodzera anotumirwa kumahofisi enyika enyika dzaakakumbirwa, uye kune ikozvino kuongororwa kwekutevedzwa kwaro nemitemo yenyika.
5. Mushure meizvi, chisarudzo chinoitwa kuti chibvumire kubhadhara kana kuramba.
6. Kana chisarudzo chisina kunaka, WIPO MB ichaita zvinyorwa zvakakodzera pamusoro pekukundikana uye kuendesa mberi kune muridzi. Kana pasina mhinduro kune musi wekupedzisira unotsanangurwa munyaya ino kubva kunyika, kubhadhara kwenyika yose kunoonekwa sechinhu chakanaka.