Izvo Russian satellites shongwe muMoscow? Monument wokutanga Satellite

Tisati tinoona chii yokuRussia Satellite shongwe muMoscow, ndiko kunzwisisa chii ndege iyi. Vaiona chakagadzirwa kwomwedzi Nyika, akasika nemaoko evanhu (akasiyana Moon, inova dzinongoitika Satellite) kutamira pamwe negwara chimiro ane ellipse akapoteredza Earth pamwe munhu geostationary muchadenga. Kuti muchina vakapinda muchadenga ichi, zvakafanira kuti ake kumhanya rakanga anopfuura ekutanga nzvimbo, asi isingasviki rechipiri nzvimbo.

Space zvazvingava nokuti chakagadzirwa satellites

Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvose hazvizivi satellites vanofanira kubhururuka muchadenga ari kumhanya anopfuura 7,9 makiromita \ s, kuti varege kuwira kudzokera panyika, asi asingasviki 11.2? Km \ s kuti kufamba munzvimbo noruvazhe. Cherechedza kuti rokutanga uye rechipiri yepasi pose nokukurumidza - chakasiyana mitumbi yokudenga zvakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, wechipiri yokubuda velocity nokuti Moon ndiye chete 2.4? Km \ s, sezvo chinhu ichi idukusa yedu, uye kuti munhu mutema buri velocity kunodiwa kuti patsanura kubva mariri napadare, anofanira kuva mukuru kumhanya chiedza. Zvichida ndokusaka makomba matema havasi pane zvakasikwa satellites, kana chokunyepera.

Monument kuti Satellite Nyika rokutanga akasimbisa gore pashure kushanda mudziyo ichi muna Moscow Metro muRiga. A nyika kuti watuma rokutanga nevanhu chitundumusere-musere kupinda muchadenga aiva Soviet Union. The kanda pacharo chakaitirwa pakutanga October 1957 kusvika weDhipatimendi Defence Research polygon "Tyr Kune", iro aizova cosmodrome "Baikonur". Kugadzirira wokutanga ndege yaiva anopfuura gumi. Akatungamirira basa chitundumuseremusere vagadziri anozivikanwa injiniya Sergei Korolev.

The rokufananidzira nzvimbo Satellite pamusoro shongwe

Monument wokutanga Satellite akasikwa murongedzeri uye muvezi V.Kartsevym S.Kovnerom. Zviri-mita nomwe endarira mufananidzo murume akapfeka semushandi, anoramba ruoko rakawedzera mudenga bhora kure nayo antennas. Chokwadi, chinzvimbo hwemabasa Satellite nderwokufananidzira, kubva kunyange nyore muchina, rekutanga Satellite kunogona rinorema kwazvo uremu. Somuenzaniso, PS-1, kuratidzwa mune sculptural boka, ndikamuyerera vanenge 84 makirogiramu, raiva hemispheres mbiri zvikuru diki (0.58 metres dhayamita). Hemispheres vakakandirwa kubva aruminiyamu chiwanikwa Zviine mumwe dhazeni kukurova matatu. Chisimbiso kupfurikidza nyore rabha chisimbiso.

Vanopfuura 1,400 kutenderera kupota nyika

ari antennas vaviri akaronga pamusoro Satellite, chimwe nechimwe chine matavi maviri 2.4 uye 2,9 metres, uye masayendisiti akakwanisa kuisa sirivha-zingi accumulative system (airema makirogiramu 50), tembiricha sensors, kumanikidzwa sensors, cabling, redhiyo, thermostat, mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka enyika kuti ndangariro uye feni. Satellite chawo paunotenderera nyika mumaminitsi 96 chete zvishoma, akaita zvinopfuura 1400 majana uye akasiya muchadenga muna January 1958. Ndizvo yokuRussia Satellite shongwe muMoscow.

The Monument ane mbiri mune rimwe guta

Kunyange zvazvo zviri nani shongwe yaitonga Soviet Union, uyewo kaviri ari shongwe pamusoro simba nharaunda iri Rostov-on-Don. Munhoroondo Russia ano, kubudirira iyi immortalized mune shongwe kuna Queen, iyo yakavhurwa 2007, October 4, zuva ramakumi mashanu gore kushanda wokutanga kubata Pasi Satellite.

Chaikosha chivezwa akashanyira nzvimbo

Izvo Russian satellites shongwe muMoscow ichangopfuura? Muna 2012, asati lääkäri-Biological Agency kunzwisisa (Federal) ndikaisa shongwe iyo inobva Satellite Kamudzira, akashanyira zvakananga muchadenga kujairwa vanhu mundege. Space zvokuchenesa wekupedzisira parudzi, kazhinji yaisanganisira tsoko, izvo dzimwe nguva "vari makambani 'dzimwe mhuka.

The Mudziyo nemhuka rairema matani 6.3

Satellites zvoutachiona zvinangwa (kutanga zvipenyu) makatanga kuva OKB-1 (Kuibyshev Branch) anenge pakarepo pashure ndege A.Gagarina muchadenga pakutanga 70-ies wekupedzisira remakore. peculiarity yavo ndechokuti pashure achiisa muchadenga vachifambira murusununguko nzira pasina kukanganisa dzidziso pamusoro hurongwa kupa migumisiro kuedza chaizvo vakachena ezvinhu ose weightlessness. The zviumbu dzino nokuyera anenge 6.3 matani, matani 0,7 chete chete Kurema midziyo pachayo uye vakaratidza ari pasi raitenderera zuva achishandisa keriya zvitundumuseremusere "Soyuz-U". Kazhinji kacho "kutumira" akanga akatakurwa kubva Plesetsk. Zvinofungidzirwa kunonyanyisa ndege nguva inenge mwedzi - Ndivo nguva ukoshi upenyu hwemhuka rutsigiro mugadziriro, pashure izvo muchina pasi parachuti gadziriro kuwanda muKazakhstan (pasi Kostanay).

Vakabatsira kutanga nzvimbo

shamwari Monument zano rakadaro wakasiyiwa netsaona. satellites gumi chete vakanga raparurwa pakati 1973 uye 1996, dzaiva muchadenga mashanu kusvika 19 Mazuva uye migumisiro zvidzidzo zvakapa zvakawanda Data pamusoro maitiro zvipenyu zviri muchadenga. Mapiyona muna 1973 iri mhando mano vava 45 makonzo, pamwe kushanda chirongwa wechitatu akasvika tsika dzakawanda. Uye nzira basa iri kuongorora rechina kwave yakaiswa rinokosha chaizvo chokwadi - mamiriro utano makonzo vaiva muchadenga mune Mini-centrifuge (chakagadzirwa giravhiti), zvaiva nani zvikuru kupfuura mamiriro vasara makonzo aiva akasununguka kuwa. Pakupedzisira pakanga kuchinja tsandanyama, yakawedzera fragility tsoka. Saka, muna ano dzakawanda nzvimbo chechitima vanhu maawa mashoma pazuva kupedza panguva yokurovedza muviri kuderedza zvinokonzerwa weightlessness pamusoro muviri. Uye zvose izvi kwave kuwanikwa nokuda nemakonzo.

How kusarudza mu "muchadenga kunoongorora"?

"Bion" - Satellite mumwechete munhevedzano mano, iro rave pakanatsiridzwa pasi purogiramu inokosha, kutanga wechitanhatu run. Pano, kuti muchadenga kunoongorora akatanga rhesus tsoko, izvo aifanira kupedzisa magadzirirwo muchikepe, sezvo mhuka dzakanga yekudyidzana yakakura uye akangwara kupfuura yapfuura kwemarudzi. Zvinogona vamhan'ari vakasarudzwa muna Sukhumi chevana. The muchadenga kunoongorora vakatora chete varume vaduku, kusarudzwa akatora nzvimbo pamakore matatu, pashure iyo makore maviri akanga apedza kudzidzisa. Tsoko vaidzidziswa kusamuendesa zvakasiyana mabhatani, chinoramba chichingorerutsa mitemo uye levers, zvichienderana anonongedzera pamusoro chiedza bhodhi. Semunhu chinokurudzira, vakapa rosehip Kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, izvo vakanwa kuburikidza rinokosha kamwene. Macaques mumwe vakaiswa takaparadzana yomukati Kamudzira zvingangoita Tarisana kuburikidza chaiwo mahwindo.

Kubva wezvaizogona vanhu makumi maviri, kurovedza kare panguva Baikonur akawira chete hafu gumi macaques, izvo zvakananga panzvimbo vakasarudza vaviri uye kupa zita iri earufabheti. Saka, muna nzvimbo rokutanga primates wakashanyira Abrek uye Bion (1983). kanda ichi raiva pfupi zvikuru, maawa mashanu chete, sezvo mumwe macaques akasunungurwa paw uye akabvarura musoro electrodes, iro chikamu rave muchibereko muuropi. Satellite akabudirira aburuka uye pashure rokuchinjwa wokutanga Tsoko muchadenga kunoongorora vakaenda kurarama usamo.

Next akapinda muchadenga Proud uye True (1985), uye ipapo ruffling Sandman (1987). kanda uyu akanga asina kubudirira chaizvo, sezvo ruffled vasunungurwa rokudzora mugadziriro, mukuwedzera, kuti hurongwa akaputsa zvitengeswa zvinovaka muviri kuti primates. The kwomwedzi aifanira kuchengetedza mangwanani, uye kumhara zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo, nokuti chinhu akagara yechando Masango Yakutia. Inenge ose muchadenga kunoongorora, kusanganisira achiri uye makonzo, makonye, newts, nhunzi akapona, kwete chete rombo nehove guppies. Sandman akatora vatame make, Fidel Castro, kuvimbisa iye mupenyu akanaka uye nokukudzwa Cuba.

All akadzoka vakachengeteka, asi ...

Chokwadi Kamudzira pamire panguva Monument "Bion"? Moscow akagashira mugove Satellite, uyo akatora mugove wechina run. Inside bhora wechokwadi, dzakapoteredzwa shongwe akafanana namapapiro, muna 1989 vachimbundira muchadenga Macaque Zhakonya uye Anonetsa. Tevera nzendo muna 1992 uye 1996, akatora nzvimbo pamwe kutora chikamu Inoputsika uye Ivashov, uyewo cartoons uye Lapicque azvaitwa. Vose vakadzokera zvakanaka, chete cartoons akanga kare takatondeswa kuti tife munyika nokuda kusashivirira kuti yokutindivadza, zvaakaita pashure kutiza panguva pakuvhiya. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Crawshaw akararama kwemakore akawanda Ndadzoka kubva muchadenga, uye Lapik anogara usamo muna Adler. Vanovabudisa vose zvavo kutiza, pamwe nemamwe marudzi 37 emhuka akabvumira kuti ndiratidze mukana dzevanhu refu kugara muchadenga. Ndizvo yokuRussia Satellite shongwe muMoscow, Volokolamsk Highway, Kuvaka 30, Kuvaka 1.