Irina Antonova: biography, nzira yekusika uye mhuri

Hupenyu hunogutsikana nehumene, uye humwe hunoyemura pamusoro pake, hunogona kuzvikudza ... Irina Antonova, aimbova mutungamiri wePushkin Museum, ane kodzero yekuremekedzwa nevamwe vanhu nokuda kwezviito zvavo mumamiriro aya akaoma.

Short biography of Irina Antonova

Irina Alexandrovna akaberekwa musi waMarch 20, 1922 muMoscow, mumhuri yevanoda zvikuru maitiro. Kunyangwe zvazvo baba vake, Alexander Alexandrovich, aimbova mutongi, aingova magetsi chete, rudo rwake rwemitambo rwakaratidza kuva ruchida uye rwakapfuudzwa kumwanasikana wake. Kubva kuna amai vaIda Mikhailovna, muimbi mu piyano, akagara nhaka rudo rwemimhanzi. Baba vake vakanga vasakweverwa kunzvimbo yemitambo (iye akatotora chikamu mumitambo yemamiti), asiwo kugadzirwa kwegirasi, iyo yakabva yave yekuda kwake.

Kuonga basa idzva rababa, Irina Antonova nevabereki vake kubva muna 1929 kusvika muna 1933. Akararama muGermany, kwaakadzidza chiGerman zvakakwana kuti averenge maGreek echiGiriki mune zvepakutanga. Mushure mekunge vaNazi vasvika pamasimba, mhuri yaAntonov yakadzokera kuSoviet Union.

Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza, Irina akapinda mu Institute of History, Philosophy uye Zvinyorwa muMoscow, zvakavharwa apo hondo yakatanga. Irina Alexandrovna akapedza kudzidza kubva kuvanesiki uye akazoshanda muchipatara muhondo yose.

Mushure mehondo, Irina Antonova akapedza chikoro ichi muchiMoscow State University, kwaakaendeswa kune imwe, uye panguva imwe chete akatanga kushanda uye kudzidza paPushkin Museum, panguva iyo pakanga pane dzidzo yepamusoro. Specialization Antonova - Italian art of the Renaissance.

Muna 1961, semuongorori mukuru mumusimamende, akasarudzwa kuhofisi yemutungamiriri wayo, uyo akatora makore anopfuura makumi mana.

Mudzimai - Evsei Iosifovich Rotenberg (1920-2011), munyori wenhau dzakaitika kare uyo akashanda kwenguva yakareba paIsi Institute of the History of Art Studies, Doctor of Science. Mwanakomana waIriina Antonova - Boris - akaberekwa muna 1954. Paakanga ava nemakore manomwe, akarwara, uye pashure pacho haana kuzodzoka zvakare. Iye zvino anongotamira ari muwiricheya chete. Uyu mutoro unorema kune vose amai, kwete chimwe chinhu-uye Irina Antonova. Mwanakomana Boris ave arwara kwemakore anodarika makumi mana.

Shanda mu museum muma1960

Anenge nguva yake yose, Irina Alexandrovna akazvitsaurira kumusimamende, iyo yakanga isiri nyore panguva yekupererwa, apo unyanzvi hwaitaurirwa chete mukukudza pfungwa dzepati. Kugadzirisa, uye kunyanya kuronga zviratidzo mumusitamende yeWestern art, zvaida kuti uve noushingi apo mutemo wekutsoropodza wakashanda munyika.

Basa rayo mumakore makumi matanhatu nemasere rinogona kunzi kushinga uye hutsva, sezvo hutsika hweWestern, kunyanya mazuva ano, hwakanga husiri mune chikwereti chevakuru veSoviet. Mumakore iwayo, zvinopesana nemafungiro ehurumende yeCultural Furtseva uye sangano rezvematongerwo enyika, iye akaratidza zviratidzo zvakasimba sekuratidzira mabasa naTyshler, Matisse. Nechiedza chake chechiedza, manheru emimhanzi akatanga kuitirwa musamuziyamu, umo Stravinsky, Schnittke, Rachmaninov akaridza, uye hutungamiri hweSoviet hauna kuvada.

Kunyange panguva iyi, iye akaudza Vipperov Readings, akazvitsaurira kumudzidzisi wake uye uyo aimbova mutungamiriri wesayenzi wemu museum, Vipper BP

Pushkin Museum mumakore makumi manomwe

Irina Antonova akava murume uyo aive pasi pehutungamiri hwahwo zvakare kugadziridza zvizere kweimba nekutaridzirwa kwakaitwa.

Achitenda kwaari, zvisati zvaitika kare zvakaratidzwa panguva iyoyo - mune imwe imba mabasa ekunze nevekune dzimwe nyika akaiswa. Vashanyi vaigona kuona nekuenzanisa basa, somuenzaniso, Serov naRenoir panguva imwe chete.

Muna 1974, Irina Antonova akasimbisa kuti mifananidzo yeWestern European artists kubva kune yakambosanganiswa nevatengi veShitkin naIvan Morozov vabviswa mumatura ekuchengetedza uye vakaratidza. Vakagara muchitoro kwemazana emakore uye, nokuda kwaIrish Alexandrovna, ivo vakagoverwa makamuri akadzorerwa paimba yepiri yeimba yePushkin Museum.

Mukupera kwemakore makumi manomwe, kushamwaridzana kwakanyanya nemamamamusimusi uye zviratidzo zvekuMadokero kwenyika zvakatanga. Kutenda nebasa rakagadzirwa naIrina Antonova, matungamusi eMetropolitan (New York) nedzimwe nyika vakakwanisa kupa mabasa evanamwari vakuru kune vateereri veSoviet.

Museum mumwaka weperestroika

Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu nemakore makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu akaendeswa kune imwe nzvimbo ne Irina Antonova Pushkin Museum. Mifananidzo yemifananidzo yakatanga kutora nyika yose. Nokudaro, chiratidziro che "Moscow-Paris" chakaziviswa chiitiko chezana remakore rechi20, sezvo chaiva kokutanga kuti Kazimir Malevich, Kandinsky nevamwe vanyori vairatidzwa, izvo zvakarambidzwa muUSSR.

Pamwe pamwe nezviratidzo Irina Alexandrovna akakwanisa kushanyira nyika dzakawanda, akasangana nevanhu vakakurumbira ikoko, vamwe vaine mukana wekufamba nemapurisa emudiwa anodiwa Pushkin Museum: Mitterrand, Rockefeller, Chirac, Juan Carlos, Oppenheimer, Mambo naMambokadzi weNetherlands.

Kukwezva vanhu kumusamamende, aifanira kubudisa pfungwa itsva nguva dzose. Saka, pfungwa yekubatanidza mimhanzi nehutano hwakanaka yakagadzirirwa kuita basa rakafanana rokusika raAntonova uye Richter "December Evenings."

Vaimbi vepamhanzi vaitamba muimba dzechirongwa, izvo zvakaita kuti zvive zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nemaonero evanhu vemunyika yose uye muhurumende yeSoviet kuongorora basa remu museum mumararamiro enyika.

"Schliemann's Gold"

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyangadza zvakaratidzwa zvePushkin Museum of Fine Arts ndechekuratidzwa kwakaitwa muna 1996 "Gold of Troy". Vakawanda vekuMadokero uye veimba vepayenzi vaifunga kuti chiratidziro ichi chakasvibiswa nehupenyu hwake. Antonova Irina akapomerwa mhosva yekuvanza chokwadi pamusoro peTroy ndarama yakatengeswa kubva kuGermany muna 1945, iyo iyo Soviet Union yakanga yataura kare yakanga isina chokuita naye.

Kunyarara munhoroondo yeSoviet kwakanga kwakanyanya kudarika, asi kazhinji tsika dzezvekare dzakadzokera kunyika yekwavo. Saka zvaiva nemabasa kubva kuDresden Gallery semuenzaniso.

Icho chokwadi chokuti goridhe rakabviswa kubva pamagetsi ekuongorora vanhu kwaiva chiratidzo chekuzaruka kwehurumende itsva yeRussia.

Anniversary yemu museum

Muna 1998, zana remakore re Museum of Museum Alexander Pushkin rakapembererwa nemukana mukuru. Muna 1898, Nikolay II akanga aripo pakuiswa kwebwe rokutanga. Mhemberero iyi yakaitika paBolshoi Theatre uye yakaratidzwa nekambani huru yevanonyanya mimhanzi, vaimbi nevatambi.

Kutenda kumutungamiriri wayo, Pushkin Museum yava imwe yezvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru "nzvimbo" dzekutsika, saLouvre, yeHermitage, yeMetropolitan, Prado, British Museum nevamwe.

Pushikin Museum in the new millennium

Nekutanga kwezana remakore idzva, musamuziyamu yakatanga kuchinja zvakawanda. Saka, akawedzera kuvonga Irina Alexandrovna. Panharaunda imomo maiva nemamamuziyamu matsva - mafungiro emagariro, makosheni ega, Vana's Center. Asi, maererano nemutungamiriri, izvi hazvina kukwana. Tichifunga kuti kukohwa kwePushkin Museum kune mabasa anopfuura 600 000 emifananidzo, iyo 1.5% chete inoratidzwa muimba dzekuratidzira, kuvakwa kweguta remuziyamu remuziyamu kunoda basa rakazara.

Imyuziyamu iyi yakagoverwa mari, kuitira kuti munguva inenge ichange yava kukwanisa kuva guta chaiyo yehudhi netsika.

Mhuri yaIriina Antonova

Mhuri duku, zvisinei, yakanga yakakosha kwaari, kunyanya Boris Antonov, mwanakomana waIriina Antonova. Aive mukomana ane tarenda, aifara nekubudirira kwevabereki vake, akaziva nhetembo dzakawanda nemoyo, akakurumidza kusimbiswa. Mumazuva iwayo, apo mwana wekutanga akaberekwa nevabereki vanopfuura makumi matatu, zvaifungidzirwa kuti yakanonoka.

Mwanakomana waIriina Antonova akarwara pazera remakore manomwe. Mushure meizvozvo, sezvaanozvibvuma, matambudziko ose nenhamo zvakatanga kuonekwa kune yake duku uye isina basa.

Kurapa nevana vakanakisisa vanachiremba havana kubatsira, uye nhasi Boris inobatwa nechecheyairi. Irina Alexandrovna anotarisira kuti pachava nomunhu anozochengetedza mwanakomana wake apo asingasviki. Nhasi Antonova is 93, asi izvi zvinoshanda, zvakasikwa uye zvine chinangwa mukadzi achiri kushanda.

Iye zvino ari purezidhendi wePushkin Museum uye anoenderera mberi kuita zvekushingaira muupenyu hwake. Iyewo ari nhengo yevanopa mazano kumutungamiriri weRussian Federation.

Merit

Nhasi, Irina Aleksandrovna ane mabhuku anopfuura 100, anoshanda mumusitamende, rupo rukuru mukuvandudza tsika dzenyika. Pamusoro pemabasa ake akapiwa Mutemo weOctober Revolution, " Red Banner of Labor", "For Service to the Fatherland", 1 uye 2 degrees, iye ari nhengo yakazara yeRussia neMadrid Academy, ane Mutauro weFrance weMutungamiriri weBhizivo uye Zvinyorwa uye zveItaly "Nezvikomborero".

Akanga asiri iye chete mutungamiriri weimba huru yemu museum, asi akadzidzisawo paIsi Institute of Oriental Languages muParis, paDhipatimendi reArt Studies kuMoscow State University, uye paInited of Cinematography.

Kwemakore gumi nemaviri, Antonova akanga ari mutevedzeri wemutungamiriri wenyika yeConus of Museums paUNESCO, uye iye zvino ari nhengo inokudzwa. Pamwe pamwe nemasikirwo akasiyana-siyana emunyika iyi nhengo inogara iri juri rekukwikwidza "Independence".

Munguva yake Irina Aleksandrovna anogara achienda kuimba yemitambo, makontikiti, kuenda kumasikisi. Muitiro wekuenda kaviri pavhiki kumitambo yemitambo kwaari apo mwana akaiswa nevabereki. Anonyanya kuda ballet, mimhanzi, yemitambo, anofambisa nemufaro. Yaiva imotokari iyo Irina Antonova yakadana nhare yake.