Igumnov's house on Yakimanka. Imba yevatengesi Igumnov

Imba yevatengesi Igumnov pa Yakimanka iri kushamisika mukudenga uye kuzvikudza kwezvishongo zvake. Yakagadzirwa muzana remakore rechi19, yakange isina kuchinja kusvika mazuva edu. Nhasi, mumiriri weFrance anoramba achigara ikoko, ndicho chikonzero iye asingapindi mushanyi wepamusoro-soro.

Asi imba yaIgumnov pa Yakimanka ichiri kufambira mberi kwekushanyira, uye munhu wese anokwanisa kuwana kupembera kwayo kwakanaka nekubwinya. Chirongwa chekunze chinogona kuongororwa kana iwe uchifamba-famba munzvimbo yacho. Nyaya yezvisikwa ichataura chivako chose chezvivako.

Nhoroondo ye mansion

Chivako chacho, kunze kwechiyeuchidzo chesvingo rwekare reRussia, rakavakirwa pamirairo yaNikolai Igumnov. Imba yacho yaifungidzirwa seMoscow kugara kune muridzi we Yaroslavl Manufactory. Kunyange zvazvo Igumnov uye aiva nemari yakawanda, asi kusarudzwa kwenharaunda yechivako chitsva kwakawira pane zvisingafariri, varombo. Murume mupfumi airemekedza zvaaida nokuda kwekuti akakurira mune zvikamu izvi. Kunyangwe mabheji ayo dzimba dzakapoteredza dzimba dzaizopedza kufungidzira kweimba yakaisvonaka yamambo hazvina kuita kuti muzvinabhizimisi asiye pfungwa yacho.

Nokuti chivako chakakokwa muvakwairi we Yaroslavl Nikolai Pozdeev, pamwe naIgumnov. Achida kusimbisa simba ra tenzi, chimiro chake, tsika yakakurumbira uye yakajeka mukuvakwa kwemazuva iwayo yakasarudzwa - nheyo-Russian. Nenzira, Terem Palace yakavakwa mumweya mumwe chete. Psevdorussky style yakadanwa nekuda kwekutevedzera dzimba dzekare dzehuni.

Asingaregi mari yekuvaka, Igumnov akaraira dhinza reDutch, matare akarairwa pfiguru rekumberera ye Kuznetsov pachake.

Muchivako, sebhiza reGypsy, zvinhu zvose zvakanaka zvakaunganidzwa izvo zvaive zviri muRussia masvingo. Kubva iri hukuru hunoshamisa Pozdeev yakave yakarongerwa sepurovhinzi, zvachose isina zvinyorwa. Pamusoro pemutengi iye pachake akanga asina kunyadziswa. Sezvo akazvidzwa nekutsoropodza uye akateerera kutambudza kunyorera mumutungamiri wenheyo, muvakiriti akange asingagoni kumira ndokuzviuraya. Asi kwete kungotsoropodza chete kwakagumisa mufananidzo wacho. Imba yomutengesi Igumnov akapinda mu penny uye akapfuura chiyero chepakutanga. Mutengi iyeye pachake akaramba kubhadhara izvo zvisiri chikamu chepurojekiti yekutanga. Izvi zvakaparadza Pozdeev. Iyo chete nzira yekubuda nayo yaiva rufu.

Nhoroondo dzeimba yaIgumnov

Imba yaIgumnov yakafukidzwa nezvakavanzika zvizhinji uye nhoroondo. Izvo zvisingazivikanwi uye kusvikira nhasi ndiro nhoroondo yedhanzi. Maererano naye, mutengesi akapfuma akavakira tenzikadzi wake imba-kunaka kwakanaka kwemusikana ainge achinyengera murudo. Asi kwete iye oga ndiye kufara kwemaziso uye kufara. Fond yehupenyu hutsva, akakwanisa kugamuchira vadikani. Achitaura pamusoro pekutengesa, Igumnov akatsamwa haana kuuraya mukadzi akanaka, asi akadzivirira muviri wake mumadziro eimba. Kubva panguva iyo, zvakange zvichitaurirwa kuti usiku husiku hwemhepo yakashungurudzika musikana anofamba. Asi iye zvino anogara, mumiriri weFrance, haana kunyunyuta uye imba yaGigumnov kuBolshaya Yakimanka haifariri kuenda.

Imwe nyanzvi yekufungidzira kuti imba yaIgumnov inoda kumuuraya. Akaraira kuti aise pasi reimwe yemakamuri ane mari yegoridhe, kuratidzira hutemberi hwepamusoro. Nokuda kwekumhanyira kwakadaro kusaremekedza kuna Nicholas anenge atapwa, uye aifanira kutiza. Zvichida mutengesi angadai akawanikwa, asi kupandukira kwakaponesa hupenyu hwake.

Chinangwa cheimba mumakore akasiyana

Munhu wose anoziva kuti iye zvino imba yaIgumnov inotorwa neAmbassador weFrance. Asi yakanga isiri nguva dzose, asi kubva muna 1938. Pakutanga, chinangwa cheimba chakafukidzwa nezvivande: kana iri "dacha", kana kuti imba yekadzikadzi. Asi chokwadi chokuti yakavakwa nokuda kwezvaidiwa nevatengesi, zvechokwadi.

Kuchinja kwaidiwa kwaidiwa imba yacho uye kwakapa iyo kambani yemuchina weGoznak. Gore mushure mekufa kwaLenin, muna 1925, chivako chacho chakachinjwa nevagari vatsva. Vakanga vari vana vanotungamirira vanachiremba vakateya Institute for the Study of the Brain. Vatsvakurudzi vakaedza kupindira mukati mechiratidzo chechimiro chaVladimir Ilyich. Zvadaro mutsara we "uropi hunoshamisa" hwakabhadharwa nemasikirwo ehupfumi hwevamwe vanhu vakawanda.

Nzira yeimba yaIgumnov

Imba Igumnova inosanganiswa zvikamu zvemavara mazhinji. Zvinhu zvinorongedza: bell shongwe, mazamu, matende - asingabvumirwi pamberi penguva ino, akabatanidzwa mukati mekugadzira zvinhu pasi pemusangano wePozdeev's hand. Kunyange zvazvo chimiro chacho chakava chakaremera, asi zvisinei kuti maitiro echiRussia akanga asina kumiririrwa.

Kusiyana nechokuti Terem Palace muMoscow Kremlin yakanga yave yakagadzirwa nenzira iyi, sangano harina kutora musha musha - imba yaIgumnov. Vatsoropodzi vezvesayenzi venguva yakaratidza chimiro sevhinigrette kubva kuGreek classicism, rococo, Renaissance uye Gothic.

Iye zvino imba yaIgumnov kuMoscow inzvimbo yekuvakwa uye chimiro chemhando dzakakwirira.

Kuvaka kunze kwemukati

Mukunze kwechivako nhamba yakawanda yezvinhu zvekushongedza, izvo zvisati zvisingabatanidzi muhuvako, zvakashandiswa. Izvozvo zvakangoerekana zvisingabatsiri zvakagadziriswa kuburikidza nekuisa matanda emiti, kufungidzirwa kwekuveza kwakaitwa zvidhinha, simbi yekugadzira uye kunyange kukanda muzvigadziro zvechena.

Kunyange zvakadaro, chiRussian chimiro chiri chigadziro chemuchinjikwa muzvinhu zvose, kunyange zvazvo chivako, kunze kwechikwereti chepamusoro uye nzvimbo iyo inotungamirira, inowanzoonekwa seinoitwa muuropeji yeEurope.

Imba yaIgumnov yakachengetedza chiyeuchidzo chechigadziro, kunyange zvazvo chakatanga muna 1938, chakava nechimwe che "off-farming". Architects ndivo vaiva vokutanga kuziva kubwinya kwechivako uye vakatsvaka kuunza doro reFrench charm kukuremera kweRussia.

Interior design

Nzira huru yekufambisa iri mukati mekamuri ndiyo Empire, uye chimwe nechimwe chinoratidza zvinoreva izwi. Imba yaIgumnov yakagadzirisa hupamhi hwemweya weRussia uye yakanyatsogadzirisa nayo neklassicism. Ivan Pozdeev, hanzvadzi yaNikolai Pozdeev, akanga achibvumirana pakupedzisa imba yacho.

Chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chakanga chakashongedzwa nemashizha akaiswa. Makamuri emakamuri acho akatariswa nemahwindo makuru akaiswa mukati memasvingo. Masvingo acho akavezwa nenyanga dzenyanga dzenzou, pamwe chete naiwo pilasters.

Bas-reliefs vanoita mapuranga, mukati mairi iyo silk yakakura yakatambanudzwa kana mifananidzo yakaiswa.

Uropi hweimba yaIgumnov

ChiGermany neuroscientist Oscar Vogt akava mukuru we laboratori yekutsvaga nzvimbo dzenyanzvi muuropi hwekupedzisira Vladimir Lenin. Mukuwedzera kune Vogt, dzimwe nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakagadzirirwa mumba, avo vakashanda mubasa iri rakaoma. Mushure mechinguva laboratory yakagadzirwa kuva Institute of the Brain.

Sezvazvinozivikanwa, chokwadi chinofananidzwa pakufananidza, naizvozvo, kunze kwekunetseka kwaLenin mupfungwa yakanyanyisa, vamwe vakatanga kuendeswa kuIsi Institute, pakati pavo ivo Lunacharsky, Zetkin, Bely, Mayakovsky nevamwe vazhinji.

Yakanga yakarongwa kuti ibudise vanamambo vomuimba iri pasi peichimbova zita rokuti "Igumnov's House", kuMoscow. Pa Yakimanka, kuchinja kwenyika mumunda wemishonga kwakanga kwagadzirira. Asi kubudirira kwaive zero, nokuti Institute yakashandurwa kuva musamuziyamu, uye yakabva yabviswa zvachose.

Kunakidza changoitika

Pedyo nehurumende yemaFrance yemazuva ano muna 1979, kuvakwa kwehofisi yehurumende yakagadzirwa. Imba yakaisvonaka yemazuva ano. Nyeredzi, yakapinza, yakafanana neipiramidi, yakagadzirwa muvara rutsvuku. Ultraviolet, iyo kunyange zvakadaro yakafanana nemamwe ... Mausoleum umo muviri waLenin unosara.

Vamwe vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanobatanidza izvi zvisingaoneki zvakajeka nehafu yengano. Inopupurirwa kuti pamagumo ezana remakore rechi19 rimwe jaya rakashamiswa nehukuru hweimba yaIgumnov zvokuti akasarudza kuva muvakirwi anozivikanwa. Uyu jaya rainzi ainzi Alexei Shchusev - munyori weEndaneti mainzi Mausoleum paRed Square kuMoscow.