Gungwa chaiyo namakava (mufananidzo)

Ndine chokwadi vazhinji vakanzwa, uye mumwe akaona pikicha uye zvegungwa. Zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda funga kuti vave nhema, rudzi "chinokatyamadza nyaya". Zvinonyatsoita here? Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya nyaya yedu.

Prehistoric zvegungwa

Tinotanga kukurukura yedu sumo mhuka kuti akanyangarika kubva redu. Mamiriyoni apfuura, chihombe zvegungwa vaigara pakadzika namakungwa mumakungwa. Mumwe wavo - dakosaurus. marangwanda ake vakatanga yakawanikwa Germany. Zvadaro vakawana kumbonyanya huru nzvimbo - kubva Russia kuArgentina.

Dzimwe nguva anofananidzwa ane garwe ano, pamwe musiyano chete kuti dakosaurus yakasvika makubhiti mashanu pakureba. pameno ayo simba uye shaya vakapa vaongorori chikonzero chokudavira kuti chaiva chikuru zvomumvura zvikara nguva yaro.

nothosaurus

Izvi zvegungwa ndivo dakosaurus zvishoma duku. miviri yavo haapfuuri kureba mamita mana. Asi nothosaurus zvakare raiva muedzo chinorura uye nehasha. zvombo Its chikuru vakanga kunze rinotungamirirwa mazino. Zvokudya mhuka kwaisanganisira hove uye Squid. Masayendisiti vanoti nothosaurus kurwisa kubva vavandire zvavo. With kwayo kwakanaka muviri zvinokambaira, ivo vanoverevedza kusvikira mugodhi chinyararire vakarwisa uye akadya. Nothosaurus pliosaurs vari pedyo nehama (rudzi yakadzika-gungwa zvikara). Kudzidza zvisaririra, zvakava pachena kuti izvi zvegungwa vaigara Triassic munguva.

mozazavry

Ndivo chaiyo zvegungwa. Chikara rinosvika munhu kureba gumi mamita. Vaigara pemvura nyika iri Cretaceous munguva. Musoro hofori musoro akafanana ari garwe ano, pashaya dzavo Vakanga vakabata mazana unopinza kwemeno. Pamusana chikara ichi aigona kuuraya kunyange makachengeteka kuchengetedzwa vavengi.

10 tyisa zvegungwa

We akaudza iwe pamusoro mashoma mhuka prehistoric. Ita zvisikwa izvi vanogara pasi pemvura munyika nhasi? Zvakaratidza, hungu. Uye kunyange kana vasina kufanana hombe sezvo madzitateguru avo, asi vanogona kukonzera chitarisiko chavo, kana musavhunduka, imi pamwe kunetseka. We nezveupenyu kuti 10 zvegungwa.

Pike blennies

Nepo hove ichi haana kushamisa muromo wake, hazvina kudaro uye anomira pakati vanhuwo vagere pagungwa, kunyange zviri chinoshamisa, wakafanana mutana, rakawunyana pamatama. Asi zvinokosha kuvhura shaya, izvozvo pakarepo inova zvinotyisa romugungwa wakagadzirira kumedza zvose yose kuti vachasangana munzira.

Izvi kuva miganhu. Huge muromo Pike blennies kushandiswa kudhumhana ane rudzi, kunyange hondo kurwira kundima, kana kuti, kuti mvura nharaunda, zvakawanda sezvinoita kudhumhana pamusoro parachutes maviri.

gungwa flycatcher

Pakutanga, zvinoita sokuti zvisikwa izvi vakauya kwatiri vachibva kune imwe nyika.

Zvisinei, pane. Vanorarama pakadzika canyons muCalifornia mumvura. Tunicates (zita wechipiri) - zvikara, chitarisiko chavo nowenyika Mbeswa dzinobata nekudya tupembenene flycatchers. Vanorarama mukati megungwa, midzi nechepasi, vakamirira vakanyangira zvinenge swims pedyo zvavo luminous akazaruka shaya. Paakangowana pedyo, tunicates pakarepo akadzvinya naye. nzira iyi kunovhima haabvumiri zvisikwa izvi kuti wo finicky nezvezvokudya.

Tunicates, akafanana omuchadenga siyana, vane inoshamisa pfuma bereka pasina iyo boka richitora mazamu nevamwe vanhu - ivo kubudisa vose urume uye mazai.

Fish, kurwisa vapasi

Representatives Astroscopus guttatus - ichi ndiyo zvikara zvegungwa chaiyo. Zita The chechipiri chisikwa ichi - mavara stargazer. Zvaizoratidza sokuti zita remadunhurirwa rokuti ichi angava wehove ipi neipi diki nemaziso makuru, asi chisikwa ichi hakukodzeri rondedzero iyi.

Ane kwete chaizvo chitarisiko, nedzakaita stargazer vakawanda nguva pagungwa pasi, akavigwa mumadhaka, uye tarisa pasi zvose zvinofamba kumativi. Ane meso muviri chinokosha anosunungura ane zvemagetsi mutariri.

madhaka-gulper

chisikwa ichi ndera saccopharyngiformes, yokuzviparadzanisa lucheporyh hove. Zvave dzakashandisa kurarama mumvura yakadzika. Muchirwisa colour ane hombe muromo madhaka-gulper muviri zvinoita disproportionately duku. hove izvi regai nechikero, zvimbi, dzinoshambira dundira, pyloric zvinoshandiswa, ventral uye caudal zvimbi. Vazhinji mapfupa dehenya vari kuderedzwa kana anyangarika chose. Vakapona marangwanda zvakaoma kuenzanisa neavo vemamwe marudzi, kuti asimbise ukama. Little kufanana kuti muramba furaya saccopharyngiformes leptotsefalami inoratidza zvimwe "ukama" pakati zvipenyu izvi.

moray

Idzi huru dzomugungwa unozvidzinga uye ruchiri kukangaidza panguva imwecheteyo. Vanogona vachikura makubhiti matatu uye vanoyera makirogiramu anopfuura makumi mashanu. A dhaivha pamwe ruzivo kumbobvira pedyo morays. Uyu aiva nengozi hove dzinodya dzimwe. Vanorwisa semheni. Zviitiko kufa kubva kurwiswa dzavo. Chitarisiko chake akafanana nenyoka. Asi ngozi nhema kwete morays muchetura ikaruma, vaidavira kare. Pakarepo chikara ichi kunogona kubvarura nyama yomunhu, uye zvokuti munhu dhaivha afa, kubuda ropa.

Fish Drop

List 10 chinotyisa zvegungwa yakadzika gungwa hove inoramba kusiyira. Close-akaisa zvishoma maziso uye muromo guru vane chakaunyana makona kufanana chiso chinopunyaira murume. Hove anorarama mukudzika kusvika rimwe nehafu makiromita.

Externally, ndizvo shapeless nebundu mondo. The arambe achirema womuviri uyu ari zvishoma duku kupfuura arambe achirema mvura. Nokuda donhwe ichi kufamba madaro marefu, pakuparadza zvose dzinodyiwa mu nzira dzavo, pasina kushandisa yakawanda.

Vatorwa Maumbirwe muviri uye kushaya pamwero vakaisa mhando mungozi kutsakatika. Kurarama nemhenderekedzo Australia uye Tasmania, hove kazhinji kudonhedza muwisira utava hove, uye vakatengesa kuva chirangaridzo.

Kumbomira caviar, inodonha refu rigere mazai, uye ipapo kunyatsoongorora vatarisire furaya. Ari kuedza kuwana kwavari dongo uye kure nenzvimbo pamusoro udzamu. Hove kunodzivirira mwana wake, kuona yakachengeteka ake, uye inobatsira kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Zvakasikwa, hakuna dzinongoitika vavengi, asi, sezvambotaurwa, anogona netsaona inodonha, pamwe chete algae, apinde richikurukura vehove.

hove Guncha

Zviri chisikwa rinowanikwa kali River (pakati Nepal uye India), kufanana zvakabikwa nyama yevanhu. kurema kwayo ndiko 140 makirogiramu. Per munhu anogona kurwisa kwete chete panzvimbo yatisingaonekwi, asiwo huru vanhu. Zvinonzi kupanga kwevanhu nyama Guncha akatanga kuona nokuda ... tsika munhu pachake. Kwenguva refu, kali rwizi rakashandiswa veko kuti "makuva" zvitunha. Ubatanidzwewo zvinopiswa zvitunha mushure Hindu vazorova dumped murwizi.

Stone hove, kana synanceia verrucosa

Ichi chimwe chezvinhu noshamisa uye ngozi mhuka. Synanceia vaiona imwe chepfu munyika. Kazhinji anogara nekorari kumboongororwa. The zvakakwana Kufanana ne ibwe anobvumira kuti kuramba substantially imperceptible kusvikira nguva haina akapindira pamusoro. danho iri zvinogona wokupedzisira. Stone-hove ane simba chaizvo muchetura, saka kwayo kuruma kazhinji anova zvinouraya. kudhaka zviratidzo zvikaramba kwemaawa, zvichiguma vanhu kufa muna zvinotyisa kurwadziwa. Mushonga haako.

Uyu werewolf ngozi dzinogona kuwanikwa panzvimbo isina kudzika kwemvura Indian uye Pacific nyanza, uyewo muGungwa Dzvuku, nemhenderekedzo Indonesia, Philippines, Australia, Marshall Islands, Samoa uye Fiji.

Rauaga

payara ichi aizivikanwa Vampire hove. Dzimwe nguva Anonziwo hove-imbwa. Zviri veropa kuti kuonekwa zvikuru ngozi kupfuura PIRANHA. Muviri chisikwa zvishoma kupfuura mita. Rauaga anogara South America uye Venezuela.

zvisikwa izvi veropa ndivo ngozi kwete chete nokuda kwevanhu venyama. Fish Vampire - zvimwe chete nemhuka vakakwanisa kukurira piranhas.

Angler (monkfish)

Makungwa, uye nyanza vagere mumwe zvisingawanzoitiki mhuka yakadzika-gungwa, rine yakaipa nechitarisiko - monkfish. Zvinonzi zvakare kunzi angler. Nokuti kokutanga "chikara" zvinowanikwa 1891. Hapana chikero hove, uye nzvimbo yaro iri rakatorwa dzakashata growths uye anorovera. Muromo chikara ichi rakombwa t mamvemve ganda kuti akafanana matope. Dark ruvara anopa angler homeliness. Giant musoro uye hombe muromo mutswe kuiita mhuka zvakadzama ugliest pamusoro redu.

Dzine uye refu chichiitwa, izvo tumiti kubva musoro angler, anoshumira chiteyeso. Iyi haisi chaizvo kukanganisa hove. Monkfish unokwezva zvakatapwa chiedza "tsvimbo hove" ayo, izvo vakapakata rinokosha shwanu. Iye unokwezva naye muromo wake, richivamanikidza pachavo kutanga kuna kushambira mukati. Anglers vari chaizvo voracious. Kazhinji akarwisa nezvavakatapa, izvo dzimwe nguva kukasapfuura saizi yavo. Kana kundikana kunovhima maviri vanofa: munhu - kubva zvinouraya maronda kurwisa - kutadza kufema.

Huge zimhuka romugungwa - mezonihtevis

Izvi Squid pamusoro huru miganhu. Vari dzinoratidzwa streamlined muviri chimiro, iyo dzinovabvumira kufamba nokukurumidza kukuru. Ziso zimhuka romugungwa rinosvika 60 masendimita ari dhayamita. Kokutanga hofori ugere megungwa akarondedzerwa mu magwaro kudanana shure 1925. Ivo akaratidza kuti varedzi akawana zvikuru tentacles Squid (1.5 m) mudumbu urume whale. Vamiririri molluscs izvi (kurema dzinopfuura zana makirogiramu anopfuura mana metres pakureba) akakandwa nemahombekombe Japan. Chaiva musikana. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti akura Squid rinosvika shanu-mita saizi uye chitunha uremu mune iyi kungava anenge 200 makirogiramu.

isopods

Hunoshamisa miganhu akasiyana isopods (crayfish rakakura). In Vakazosvika kusvika 1.5 M nokuyera zvinopfuura hafu makirogiramu. muviri wavo akazadza chinjwa vanachandagwinyira mahwendefa, kunodzivirira nezvikara. Kana ngozi, hofori crayfish kugonya mukati bhora.

zvisikwa izvi kurarama kudzika 750 metres, ari oga. Mamiriro avo ezvinhu ari pedyo kuhwanda. Zvokudya nokuti isopods ndiko akaneta migodhi: minnow, kunyura kusvika pasi offal, gungwa wemagaka.