Gumilyov Lev Nikolaevich: pfupi Biography

Mwanakomana maviri vadetembi akakurumbira aiva Lev Gumilyov. Biography, upenyu pachake uye nhaka ichi dzakaitika zvikuru kuti vanhu vakasiyana-siyana. Hazvina chinozikamwa zvose somunhu uye somwanakomana guru vadetembi. Pano zvikonzero zviviri kuzivana navo pedyo.

Gumilev Lev - Russian wenhoroondo, ethnologist, Dhokotera Geographical uye Historical Sciences. Ndiye muvambi dzidziso emadzinza uye vanhu somunhu biosocial mhando. Leo akadzidza ethnogenesis, bioenergy kwayo kuzivikanwa, yaakakudanirai passionarity.

Origin uye muduku

October 14 1912 muna Tsarskoye tiiviste akaberekwa Gumilev Lev Nikolaevich. Brief Biography ake kunoshamisa chokuti vabereki vake vaiva mukuru Russian nyanduri A. A. Ahmatova uye N. Gumilev. Gumilyovs muchato vakarambana muna 1918, uye ipapo mukomana aigara naamai vake, ipapo mbuya vake Bezhetsk. Zvinozivikanwa kuti ukama hwake netsa Andreevnoy agara zvakaoma. In mufananidzo pazasi - Lev Gumilyov kuvabereki vavo.

Dzidzo uye Kusungwa muhondo

Leo, muna 1934 akapinda Leningrad State University, rorusununguko History. Zvisinei, pashure pegore rokutanga akanga rokutanga asungwa. Nokukurumidza Lva Gumileva akasunungurwa, asi haana vanokwanisa kudzidza. Nechekare pamusoro 4 th gore muna 1938, akasungwa zvakare kuti kupindira kwemagandanga sangano mudzidzi. Gumilyov akatongerwa makore 10 mumisasa. Gare gare, mugumo wake munyoro. NdiTolstoy anofanira kushumira-gore 5 mazwi muna Norilsk. Shure panguva iyoyo, muna 1943, akanga basa Turukhansk uye pedyo Norilsk. Zvino Gumilev akaenda mberi. Iye akarwa kusvikira mukukunda Gunners Anti-ndege. To Berlin akauya Gumilyov Lev Nikolaevich. Brief Biography of musayendisiti, sezvaungaona, kwete chete kwakaratidzwa kubudirira pasango kare.

Kudzivirirwa wokutanga chinyorwa

NdiTolstoy muna 1946 vakapfuura kwokunze bvunzo paUniversity, uye ipapo akaramba dzidzo yake panguva Institute of Oriental Studies, apo akadzidza mu chikoro. Miteva ake chinyorwa akanga agadzirira, asi muna 1947, mumwe musayendisiti, akanga adzingwa sangano nokuda kwezvaizosarudzwa magazini "Leningrad" uye "Nyeredzi", vakagamuchirwa nokuda Central Committee of CPSU (b). Ichi chisarudzo mhosva okugadzira zvinhu Anny Andreevny Ahmatovoy. Pasinei zvose nezvinetso, NdiTolstoy achiri akakwanisa adzivirire chinyorwa chake achitsigirwa Leningrad academia.

kusungwa itsva

Muna 1949 Gumilev LN Brief Biography yake Akasungwa zvakare, sezvamunoona, rakazara kusungwa. Akasunungurwa chete muna 1956, uye panguva imwe chete zvakazara rehabilitated. Zvakaitika kuti ne mhosva haawaniki nezviito ENU. Total NdiTolstoy akasungwa 4 nguva. In yose, aifanira kupedza kumisasa Stalin kwemakore 15.

Doctorate dissertations uye mabhuku Gumilyov

Kudzokera Leningrad, Gumilyov akawana pfupi basa iri Hermitage. Muna 1961, iye vakabudirira akadzivirira ake doctorate chinyorwa pamusoro "Ancient vokuTurkey VI-VIII emakore.". Vaongorori akatora basa iri Institute of Geography, riri panguva nenzvimbo rorusununguko Leningrad State University. Pano iye aishanda kusvikira pamudyandigere, kwakaitika muna 1986.

Geographic doctorate Gumilev Lev kudzivirira muna 1974. Zvisinei, kuti advertising Commission dzaisafarira dhigirii ake. Unoratidza basa Gumilyov "Ethnogenesis uye biosphere Nyika" airambidzwa muzvizivise, asi rakanga akaparadzirwa samizdat.

Chete muna 1959 akatanga vanoshingaira kubudisa Lev Gumilyov. Biography uye basa rake harisi netsaona vari kufarira zvikuru madenderedzwa zvesayenzi. Zvaanazvo zvinopfuura 220 mapepa, kusanganisira monographs akawanda. Mugore post-Stalin nguva maonero Lva Gumileva akatsoropodza mumabhuku yepamutemo, asi ndatova pasina kutambudzwa pamusoro pake. Chete mukutanga 1980s. aibuda mabhuku ake rikaguma zvishoma. Lvu Gumilevu aifanira kureva nyaya yacho Central Committee. Akanyora tsamba pamusoro kurambidza mabhuku avo. D. S. Lihachev nevamwe vanyori nguva chaimutsigira.

upenyu Personal

Shoma enganonyorwa vakapona nekuti upenyu Lev Gumilyov. Biography, mhuri nevana - zvose vaifarira Fans ake. On upenyu Leo NdiTolstoy pachake, isu hatingazvirumbidzi kupinda mashoko. Zvisinei, chinonyanya kukosha zvinhu zvinofanira kucherechedzwa. Muna 1967 akaroora Gumilyov N. V. Simonovskoy, yokudhirowa (Makore oupenyu - 1920-2004). Akasangana naye June 1966. The Vaviri akararama pamwe kwemakore 24 okuberekwa, kusvikira pakufa Leo NdiTolstoy. Maererano zvinofungwa nevamwe, muchato akanga akakwana. Wife Gumilyov akatsaurira upenyu hwake hwose. Iye akasiya yekare denderedzwa neshamwari uye basa. Pakusarudza NdiTolstoy kuti simba rake chido varege kuva nevana: makore 46, uye iye apo mudiwa wake - 55.

The ukama Slavophiles uye vezvourudzi

Gumilyov zvinoshamisa kuwedzera mukukurumbira kwakaitika pambiru-kweSoviet. mabhuku ake zvakatobudiswa huru dzeChechi. Political maonero musayendisiti, yaakanga kwakunoitwa redhiyo uye terevhizheni dzeredhiyo, munyaya ake vose Anti-Western uye Anti-Communist. Izvi zvinomuita chiratidzo Anti-liberalism. chinyorwa NdiTolstoy nezvemweya "necheSalvic-Turkic symbiosis" akanga akasimudza Russification pakupera kwezana 90s. vanhu ava vane mafungiro kuti zvinofungwa masayendisiti ari joko Horde wacho, asi nenzira, chokwadi. The pamusoro nharo rokwidzwa nenzira Slavophiles sechipiriso kururamiswa kwenguva itsva dzematongerwe yeRussian wehurumende. Vezvourudzi Turkic vanhu vagere USSR, akataurawo NdiTolstoy vake. Kwavari, Gumilev Lev akanga mubvunzo simba.

"Dzidziso ethnogenesis" uye sayenzi

Gumilev vaiona pachake "wokupedzisira Eurasian". Kunyange zvakadaro, iye akasika "dzidziso ethnogenesis" nowenyika Eurasianism chete zvavo nemashoko. Kubva nemaonero ane sainzi, kufanana kare, vakafunga kuti musayendisiti haagoni kunzi munhu dzidziso. Zvisinei, Gumilev Lev akataura zvikurukuru Soviet zvekushandisa intelligentsia, uye kwete vamwe vanyori venhoroondo dzekare. Pakazosvika hwokugadzira intelligentsia akakura kutendiswa kuti nhoroondo Soviet Union - ndiwo mudziyo anoparadzirwa, kwete sainzi, kuti falsified. NdiTolstoy kwakaita nhoroondo pfungwa akamutsa chokwadi remasayendisiti sezvo asina nekusimbiswa. Zvisinei, kuti "dzidziso ethnogenesis" mumaziso mafeni kubva ENU havazotadzi. Leo mutongi nezvenhoroondo nemaonero sayenzi zvepanyama vavo intelligentsia nesayenzi vaiona zvishoma kudzimika pane ruyamuro.

The chikuru zvokudya dzidziso ENU

Lev Gumilyov akavaka dzidziso dzake okuti "madzinza" - rudzi zvipenyu zvipenyu. Vane nguva vechidiki, pakunamata uye kukwegura. Gumilyov vaisanganisira emadzinza madzinza zvakananga kwete chete mapoka, asiwo enyika, zvechitendero uye kunyange unyanzvi. Aidavira kuti kubva pakuzvarwa kusvikira pakufa, zvinotora makore anenge 1200-1500. Maererano musayendisiti wacho pfungwa chidzoke idzva madzinza ane pamusana "vaneshungu zvairatidza", iro chinokurwadzai kubva muchadenga nemwaranzi. Kune vamwe vari "nopindirana" kune mumwe, uye varipo vakandishora. Kuwedzera utano, pane "chimeric" achinyengera madzinza, parasitic zvinenge vamwe. Healthy vanewo ukama siyana ne nzira okunze ezvinhu uye "ukoti nzvimbo" uye zvinosiyana zvichienderana unhu.

Gumilev akasika dzidziso yake, vachiedza kunzwisisa sei, kuMiddle Ages uye kare muna inowanzorimwa Great akacherechedza undulations uye dzinza kutsanya kwendangariro. Zvechokwadi, kazhinji vakanga, nenzira imwe kana mumwe, chokuita kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. Saka, kune dzimwe kanganisei unobatanidza masayendisiti nzvimbo uye ethnos kwakarurama. Kunyange zvakadaro, "Pfungwa ethnogenesis" akarasika kutendeseka pakati zvichizoita mhedziso Gumilyov basa dzinongoitika zvinhu. Shoko rokuti "passionarnost", vaiva pedyo Lev Nikolayevich, vakatanga kurarama upenyu hwavo. Masayendisiti akahushandisa kureva chepakutanga dzinza kwekuratidzira. Zvisinei, zvino, ichi izwi hachisi chokuita Gumilev kuti "Pfungwa ethnogenesis."

June 15, 1992 muSt Petersburg, akafa Lev Gumilyov. Biography, mhuri uye nhaka musayendisiti vave muchidimbu mibvunzo nesu. Zvino munoziva, saka kuti akava akakurumbira kwazvo mwanakomana zvikuru zviviri vadetembi Russian.