Glass Industry Worker Day muRussia - November 19

Zuva nezuva, vanhu anofarira zvibereko basa vashandi magirazi kugadzirwa. Zvino mashoko zvava chinowanzoitwa uye zvakapararira, uye kutenga imwe nemidziyo zvakagadzirwa negirazi, hapana kushamiswa, uye nokuyemura anongova mutete zvikuru oumhizha. Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti pane imwe nguva panzvimbo dzose vanhuwo hwindo girazi jira rakafukidza bovine dundira kana ganda burbot. Mica hwindo-sill vaiva kureba muumbozha uye godo, tisingatauri glassware, iyo aikoshesa shoma. vatenzi Ancient kazhinji vaifanira kubhadhara zvakavanzika vakadaro vanongogara kwatiri magirazi wayo.

Glass Industry Worker Day

MuRussia, nyanzvi zororo glaziers kwete wotaura musi November 19, zviri zuva rokuberekwa Mihaila Vasilevicha Lomonosova, musayendisiti mukuru Russian. Akakwanisa kusika rakasiyana michina kuti kugadzirwa porcelain mass glazes mavara, iyo yakashandiswa kubudisa muzvizhinji kuti waMosesi mifananidzo. Kuripa yake yakafanira kuti musayendisiti hunoshamisa Russian, kubva 2000 Day of girazi indasitiri kupemberera zuva rokuberekwa kwake.

Nzira Yokurara Glass

Kunyange chinyakare murume akashandisa girazi dzinongoitika mavambo, chakagadzirwa obsidian uye tektites zvimwe zvokushandisa nyore uye nezvombo - arrowheads namapfumo, mapanga, scrapers uye choppers. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pagadzirwe regirazi, kufanana nezvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji netsaona, uye isu chikwereti ichi kumadzitateguru avo kuti kubika uye kugocha zvehari kufanorongwa pachoto mujecha muhunza. The tembiricha munguva combustion matanda uye mashanga yakanga yakakwana itye jecha yakatanga. Iye hwakakanyiwa padurunhuru kuumba rinoonekera guru. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nemigumisiro pamusoro nzvimbo remaguta ekare nevhu makate zvenyaya kuri pachimedu panhivi uye pasi.

Nhoroondo girazi kugadzirwa

Glass, akaziva panguva matongo Zvakafukunurwa muIjipiti uye kumaodzanyemba Iraq, anoratidza kuti sevaSumer vaIjipiti rekare makore anodarika zviuru zvishanu akapfuura nyanzvi unyanzvi kuita zvishongo uye waMosesi rinoonekera. Zvisikwa vatenzi yekare akasiyana chaiyo nyasha, asi havana segirazi.

Glassmaking akagashira dzakakurudzira zvikuru kukura hweRoma. Articles zvakagadzirwa negirazi vava shasha chinokosha hwekutengeserana aiva rinobatsira kwakabatsira kukura kwayo kugadzirwa. Alexandria, waiva pasi Roman protectorate, rakava chikuru muzinda regirazi kurimwa panguva. Wizards vakakwanisa kuita zvinhu pachena muna girazi gadzira, kuwedzera vekare Recipes veIjipiti manganese oxide. Achizarura akazvipira kuti kure-kure zuva, anogona vanoti musoro "paZuva girazi bhizimisi akare."

Glass akatanga zvinowanzoshandiswa mapurani: The ichikosha pamusoro yakasvibiswa negirazi. KuMiddle Ages, mhizha European nyanzvi kugadzirwa sandarara rinoonekera. Ivo Varidza negomba rectangular chimiro uye aifanira kubhedhenura vaiguranye haubereki sandara machira.

An mupiro kukuru kuti kukura girazi indasitiri akaita Venetian vanatenzi. Vakashandisa mubasa ravo zvose noungwaru zvigadzirwa nguva. Pfungwa "Venetian negirazi", pachako anotaura pamusoro unhu uye kudiwa zvigadzirwa izvi. glassmaking zvakavanzika zviri pedyo kurindwa saka vashandi vokune dzimwe kushandisa zvachose wairambidza. Gare gare, zvose huru kugadzirwa rikashamiswa kuti kuchitsuwa Murano. Uye kusvikira nhasi, kushanyira Italy, vashanyi vanoedza kutenga zvibereko yakakurumbira Murano girazi.

girazi Kugadzirwa muRussia

Archaeological Kucherwa dzinoratidza kuti watenzi Kievan Rus 'uyu aizivikanwa unyanzvi girazi rokuita, asi chiri raanoziva, kufanana nevamwe vakawanda, akarasika mushure nechisimba eMongolia.

Glass Industry Worker Day achiri kure richiti, asi muna 1630 pakava regirazi fekitari mumusha Dukhanino pedyo Moscow, uye muna 1669 vakatanga kugadzirwa girazi zvinodiwa yamambo iri chirimwa muna Izmailovo. Velikiy Petr anokumbira akanakisisa vatenzi European, uye girazi nyaya Russia anotanga kukura nokukurumidza. Pane zvakawanda wehurumende-nazvo uye pasiri mabhizimisi kuti kugadzirwa girazi, uye amai Russian vari zvakakomba makwikwi Europe.

Chokwadi, Zuva girazi indasitiri kana asina vakapemberera, asi mhizha edu haana kushanda ichi maduku uye kugona zvachose yekare unyanzvi. The inozivikanwa musiki nedhaimani muenzaniso ari muchimiro zvinomera uye chando Zubanova akudzwa magirazi nyaya Russia. Uye guta Gus-Crystal akava chiratidzo uye kudada Russian sekristaro kugadzirwa.

Glass Industry Worker Day muRussia

Nhasi, ari indasitiri iri kukura nokukurumidza. Yakabereka uye nyanzvi akasiyana-siyana mhando zvigadzirwa, gore negore kukura zvezvipfuwo kugadzirwa ndiyo 10 kusvika 12%. Maererano nenyanzvi, zvipfuwo girazi indasitiri iri kusimukira zvinobudirira uye zvinokosha chezvinonhuwira munyika zvoupfumi zvinogona. girazi indasitiri mushandi Day rinopembererwa mu mabhizimisi yakatarwa zviitiko uye Concerts, izvozvo rinopembererwa vanhu vose vane basa rimwe nzira kana mumwe chokuita girazi.

In St. Petersburg, November rechi19 gore kare akabata chinhu pashoo hwakatsaurirwa unyanzvi glassblowers. Tarisa zvakaisvonaka basa ravo kunokwezva vanhu vanobva munyika yacho yose.

Tinoziva kana Zuva girazi indasitiri It vachipemberera Russia, uye nomwoyo wose vachikorokotedza vanatenzi vedu ano yavo nyanzvi yezororo.