Galvanic kugeza maoko. The liner uye kudziyisa of galvanic kugeza

Mashoko Familiar "-akaafukidza nendarama", "sirivha-kuifukidza", "Chrome" kana "nickel" hwakatanga hwakasimbiswa kwazvo duramazwi womunhu ano, uye vachinzwisisa kuti zvinongoerekana zvaitika. Hapana kunyange anofunga kuti mashoko aya ose kuvanza Michina kuchaita munhu kusvika padanho yebudiriro ano - electroplating.

Electroplating - chii izvi?

The electrochemical mutoo iyo magetsi ndiwo deposition chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi mugomo pose vakasarudzwa, inonzi electroplating. mumwe muitiro kwakadaro kunogona kushandiswa chero chinhu, kunyange vasiri simbi. Izvi kwaiva inokosha kuti kushandiswa kwakapararira yakanamirwa pamifananidzo mumaindasitiri siyana. With rinogona sweeten, sirivha, uye Chrome kuifukidza chero zvinhu ennobling chitarisiko dzavo kushongedza kana kuchinja kwomuviri uye namakemikari zvivako zviri pamusoro mune evasingatombonamati inoshanda (kuwedzera vapfeke nemishonga, kuwedzera kuramba nehasha vezvenhau uye t. D.). Equipment pano ndiyo galvanic kugeza.

mhando yakanamirwa pamifananidzo

Kune mhando mbiri ruzivo urwu zvave zvikuru kushandiswa kwete chete mapazi akawanda maindasitiri dzemazuva ano, asi kumba. Origin - electroforming - ndehwokuti kusika chaiyo makopi chinhu rakachengetedzwa pamusoro hukawanika idzi simbi. Chechipiri, rakajairika uye kumba uye kubasa, ndiko kupa nhete - hapana mukobvu kupfuura bvudzi dzevanhu - yokunamisa pepasi chinhu uye yakatumidzwa electroplating.

Chii yakanamirwa pamifananidzo kugeza?

Sezvo galvanic pezvakaitwa kuitika nokuda electrolysis Chokwadi, kuti vakashandisa electrolytic mhinduro uye rinokosha zvemaziso uye magetsi. Galvanic kugeza - mubatanidzwa zvikamu zvose izvi acho, asi zvikuru zvinoriumba, izvo zvakawedzera zvinodiwa, ndivo mushonga (electrolyte) , uye kukwanisa nokuti. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana pane kutaura pamusoro pokushandiswa electroplating kana electroforming kumba.

For midziyo nokuti electroforming zvadarika rwevanhu zvinodiwa izvo, pasinei chokuti marudzi aya mumidziyo ndiyo akanyatsorevesa zvose zvavanazvo kuna kunyatsoteerera kutevedzera. Vanofanira kuva zvakasimba uye mishonga kwavakarerekera kune kushandiswa mhinduro, unogona kuramba runodiwa ezvinhu chafariz (kudziyisa electroplating dzokugezera uye kutonhora anofanira kudzorwa), uyewo hwomutambarakede uye yakachengeteka kushanda. Bathtubs dzinoitwa dzakasiyana nezvinhu.

Nzira kuongorora yakanamirwa pamifananidzo dzokugezera

Nemhaka ano uchishandisa nguva pane mikana mitsva kuongorora electrolyte yaishandiswa electroplating kwacho. Zvakafanira kuti pave muitiro, zvikuru yunifomu uye rakasimba unhani zvakanaka. Analysis kuti electroplating dzokugezera munyika chipo ezvinhu anogona kuitwa kushandisa makemikari physico-namakemikari nzira. Kana yechipiri, iyo photometric zvidzidzo, polarographic, amperometric uye potentiometric nzira kuti ape zvabuda nani kana kuziva Kuronga electrolyte.

Kudzivirirwa galvanic Matangi

Chimwe nezvinetso electrochemical pezvakaitwa - ndiyo kudzivirirwa Matangi kubva kukuvadza zvinokonzerwa electrolyte mhinduro (asidhi kana alkali) umo electrolysis kunoitika. Kana bhati yakaitwa yokusava zvinhu zvakadai mapurasitiki, hapana dambudziko. Asi ichi zvinogoneka chete pana bhuku duku. Kana isu kutora maindasitiri kugadzwa, ipapo electroplating maindasitiri mhinduro mudziyo rakagadzirwa nesimbi. Muchiitiko chino, pane kudiwa kuvadzivirira kubva:

- kwaaita kugadzirisa kuti inopa upenyu hurefu basa;

- simbi ngura, anosika kufanira kuchena vari kugadzirisa;

- kusarurama uye kuchinja yemagetsi munda.

kudzivirirwa kwakadaro kunogona kupa electroplating dzokugezera lining kuitiswa polymeric jira zvinhu achishandisa mhepo inopisa nomoto.

Kuita musha-yakanamirwa pamifananidzo dzokugezera

Achida kuti kwakakurudzira hukawanika mumba mako kana garaji zvikuru zvizhinji. Asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti izvi hazvisi njodzi. Inokuvadza uye putika vapor, kungatikanganisa uye kunyange chepfu zvinogadzirisa, kushandiswa magetsi kunoita kuti zviome mumaonero vakachengeteka. Asi nokuda tumabasa akadai mhangura yakanamirwa pamifananidzo, Chrome yakanamirwa pamifananidzo, nickel ra bhati duku zvinhu zvinogona inounganidzwa kubva kugadzirwa. Uye kunyange iyi, rinokosha zvinofanira kuitwa:

- yokugadzirisa mudziyo anofanira kuva chandagwinyira, mishonga enyika uye dielectric;

- zvaida kufefetedza;

- pamberi yakakwana uwandu mvura yakachena - nyore muitiro zvinoda kushandiswa anenge mashanu crow;

- pamberi mudziyo uye nzira neutralizing tsvina liquors uye effluents.

Nyore pachake yakanamirwa pamifananidzo bhati riite ngachibikwe epurasitiki magaba, akagura kuti chivharo kubva pamutsipa uye muedzo mativi anowedzera zvinhu. Next, ari rusvingo chekawo-kure chinzvimbo, vanopfeka kana motokari hwindo seal. Danho iri kubhururuka chifukidziro tichibatsirwa piyano ndedzechokwadi kune rimwe divi kanisita uye nokuwedzera clip pabutiro uye rusvingo pamusoro divi ngarava. Muromo pachifunhiro charo chokuita kuti hosipaipi chokubvisa mhute kubva - nyore pedza.

Zvino anoramba kuitwa rokumusoro chikamu mudziyo kuburikidza cutoff achazviunzira-gomba matatu kuonana tsvimbo. Tsvimbo desirably rakagadzirwa nenyere yemhangura 10-20 mm muna dhayamita, nemvumi nemasvingo nani. plyuschatsya kumigumo sepombi ivo akachera nomumakomba kubatanidza mapango pasimba rive. On tsvimbo, akaisa achitevedza kumicheto akaremberera anode ndiro uye vari chokuita zvakanaka kunobva. The nechepakati tsvimbo yakaturikwa chikamu, ndiko cathode chokuita akaipa kutungamirira. mafambiro uye voltage kusarudzwa zvichienderana Vhoriyamu nokushambidza.

Zvirongwa Homemade electroplating dzokugezera

The nyore zano yakanamirwa pamifananidzo kugeza rinosanganisira dzinokwana remapazi matatu: regadziriro chaizvoizvo galvanizing kwacho uye okugadziridza. Wokutanga ine okuchenesa, degreasing, etching uye pakuonekwa ane chinhu kana chikamu - kurovedza. Danho rechitatu rinobvumira kuunza kare zvinenge zvakazara paiva simbi kuti chinhu "chinokosha" mhando, kubudikidza passivation, uye buffing t. D. Mumwe oparesheni anofanira wakagumiswa Washing pachando uye yakachena mvura. Uye kana zvinhu akanga kupatsanurwa ne alkaline zvinogadzirisa, iva nechokwadi kuita pakushambwa, wokutanga inopisa, mvura ipapo inotonhora.

Item, izvo zvaida kuti bhachi, zvakabatana akaipa kondakita mano (cathode) uye akakotamisa kupinda electrolyte. The zvakanaka kutungamirira kwakabatana kuti electrode resimbi unhani (anode), iyo inowira mumushonga. Electrolysis kuti soluble anode (+) uye simbi iiswe pamusoro workpiece, iyo cathode (-).

Kukosha electroplating kwazvo mukugadzirwa ano

Galvanic kugeza, umo electroforming kana electroplating muitiro, zvokutenga chikero vaviri mwana mberi, uye ayo kutyaira simba. Nokuti kuonga electroplated coatings nani unhu uye mashandiro zvikamu, zvinoderedza mari inoshandiswa wavo kubudirira inonyanya yakarurama conjugation inowedzera vanopfeka nemishonga uye ngura kuramba zvawanzwa.