France Religion. Communication Culture uye chitendero muFrance

France - nyika rusununguko rwokunamata. The inonyanya kufarirwa chitendero pano - Catholic Christianity, chiIslam, chiJudha. Maererano ongororo yakaitwa muna 2010, 27% kuti French vanhu vanodavira kuti Mwari ariko, 33% vakati vanobvuma nokuvapo hwesimba kana hukuru uchenjeri imwe mhando, uye 40% vakati havana kutenda kana Mwari kana paine mweya womunhu, hapana simba. Panyaya iyi, France anogona kunzi chimwe chezvinhu enyika inoti. Asi tsika uye nokutenda munyika iyi zviri pedyo nepedyo. Saka chitendero chikuru muFrance uye nei ikoko vamwe? Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

nhoroondo zvayakaita

Mumakore chemakore France inoramba rimwe munyika idzodzo European apo pfungwa kwainzi chitendero yeRoma. Kubvira panguva Karla Velikogo uye pamberi kuwedzera Protestantism muzana remakore rechi16, mamiriro ezvinhu akanga chimwe chezvinhu simba pamusoro kondinendi apo dzeRoma, kunze chinyakare siyana, ndiye oga kukosheswa chiKristu. In France, akasimbisa kutenda Catholic, apo mune dzimwe nzvimbo Europe, kusanganisira England, Switzerland, nhoroondo Netherlands, vakawanda Germany uye dzekuma Scandinavia, hunodzorwa dzakasiyana-siyana Protestantism.

Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1798 chitendero France akaunzwa pasi neHurumende nechinangwa vachengete echimurenga mweya. Yemamongi nzanga havasisipo. Asi muna 1801, Napoleon akanyorerana chibvumirano muVatican, panopinda zvemukereke rukaporeswa.

Chitendero muFrance muzana remakore rechi19

Munyika dzakawanda ichi remakore, munyika mubvunzo iri pamutemo vaitirei Catholic mamiriro. Asi muna 1905, chiitiko chikuru chakaitika nokuda iyo chitendero muFrance mukuvamba kwezana remakore rechi19, kwave kuchiita kuchinja - paiva kuparadzana yechechi uye mamiriro. Kubvira ipapo, pasinei nokuti yeRoma vakarega kuva chitendero chikuru munyika, yeKaturike, maererano Constitution, yava chete nevamwe vakawanda nemasangano echitendero. Richangobva kuumbwa rokunyika Hurumende akapa vagari vahwo kodzero dzechitendero sarudzo. Uye nhasi munyika ino awana akasununguka dzeRoma pamwe Protestantism, chiIslam, chiBuddha, chiJudha uye kwokunze ezvitendero.

chitendero nhasi

The chitendero chikuru France - dzeRoma. Asi nhasi, pasinei nokuti chitendero ichi pamusoro munharaunda muzvinhu zvenyika achine vatsigiri kupfuura dzimwe, apo vakawanda French vanhu vaiona pachavo Catholic, akapfuura. calls pachake isingasviki hafu yevagari nhasi. Zvakabuda ongororo yakaitwa muna 2011 kwakaratidza kuti 45% kuti French vanhu vanozviti vaKristu, vakawanda vacho vari Catholic. Panguva iyoyowo, 35% havazvioni kuti chero chitendero, uye 3% vanozviti Islam.

Number dzechechi vomuchechi, maererano pachena ongororo nderimwe rakadzika kwazvo munyika. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye 5 chete% yevanhu, uye chete 10% nevaya vanozviti vaKaturike nhasi kupinda minamato yechechi. Asi, pasinei neizvi, tsika France achiri zvikurukuru Catholic, kuti kusimbiswa kutaura dzavo rapfuura musoro wehurumende Sarkozy.

Secularism - "repakona" ehurumende?

Secularism zvino nezvenzvimbo "repakona" mamiriro yokuzvitonga France. Tichienzanisa United Kingdom kana United States kukosha chitendero muupenyu neHurumende nzanga kwazvo duku. MuUK uye US enyika kakawanda kuronga misangano vechitendero, mifananidzo navo pamutemo yemichato, uye vazhinji National zviitiko zvinokosha uye mabasa pakurukurwa mhemberero yechitendero. Asi France zvakasiyana. inofananidza Public ari muzvinhu zvenyika, kunyange kana ivo vanozviti vaKristu (ndiko kuva zvishoma akakurumbira pakati nhengo hurumende panguva ino), kuedza nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana kuti kuhwanda yokunzvera meso upenyu hwechitendero hwavo.

Ndima Special - ruwa nharaunda yeAlsace

Mudunhu nharaunda yeAlsace uye rwaMoselle ukama pakati pehurumende uye nechechi mumwe kupfuura nharaunda yose France, zvisinei Zvinotaurwa kubatana Republic. Pano vapristi vanogamuchira ehurumende mari, uye murayiridzo echitendero pachena muzvikoro kunotodiwa. The University of muStrasbourg ane yezvouMwari fakaroti, chete voruzhinji yunivhesiti kuFrance.

Protestantism

Protestantism, chimwe chitendero wokuFrance, ine nhoroondo. KuMiddle Ages, shoko pamberi yakaonekwa, vagari vazhinji rwezasi-vokumadokero France zvasiya yeRoma uye vakatamira mhando vemanyepo Christianity, aizivikanwa Catharism. Kutenda yechiPurotesitendi chakagamuchirwa muna dzakawanda munyika panguva Yokuchinja. chitendero ichi, kunyange zvazvo asina mwoyo, asi hazvirambidzwi. Muna 1598, Korol Genrih IV kuti, pachake aimbova muteveri Protestantism, uyo akamanikidzwa kutendeukira kuchechi yeRoma kuva woumambo France akasaina mutemo pamusoro Nantes. Maererano gwaro iri, Calvin, rinozivikanwa Huguenots, akavimbisa rusununguko rwokunamata uye rwehana. nzvimbo dzakawanda France, kunyanya vari kumaodzanyemba, ndokubva akatendeukira kuchiPurotesitendi, uye maguta akadai La Rochelle, vaiva bastions chikuru chitendero munyika, iri pamutemo vaiona muKaturike.

Kutsauka uye Revival of Protestantism

Asi muna 1685 imwe mutemo yakaguma kubudikidza Louis XIV, izvo zvakaita kuti hombe kuenda kumwe kuti vaPurotesitendi kubva kuFrance. Chitendero muFrance muzana remakore rechi17 yakanga vamwe rakati nyangarara. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vateveri vanenge hafu yemiriyoni dzidziso iyi akabva munyika uye vakagara UK, North America, Switzerland uye Netherlands History. Protestantism sechitendero muFrance muzana remakore rechi18 afa King Louis XIV akatanga vamutsidzirwezve zvishoma nezvishoma mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Uye pakuguma rechiFrench Revolution, akanga pamutemo somumwe dzakawanda yaivapo zvitendero. Today Protestantism nzvimbo kuripo munyika, asi kupfuura zvose vateveri sangano rechitendero ichi chinogona kuwanika nharaunda yeAlsace uye kuchamhembe Franche-Comté kumabvazuva kweFrance uye Cevennes kumaodzanyemba.

Iziramu

Chimwe chitendero French - Islam. No nhamba chaiyo, asi maererano ine kufungidzira, vanhu 6 kusvika mamiriyoni 7, kana vanenge 8% vemo vaMuslim. Chetatu kwavari, zvishoma anopfuura mamiriyoni maviri, chengetai tsika dzechitendero. Enzanisa: munyika kurarama mamiriyoni 10 vanoita makatorike. Ruzhinji vaMuslim muFrance - vatama kubva North Africa, kureva, vana avo vakambogara unoriumba misha - Tunisia, Algeria uye Morocco.

Maererano kutsvakurudza kuti nyanzvi Samira Amghar, muFrance mune pakati 12 kusvika 15 zviuru Salafis, kana kukuru vaMuslim, asi chete chiduku chikamu migove pfungwa anonzi Islamists. Kubvira 2000, nyika akatanga nesimba kuvaka chechi, uye ikozvino kune vanopfuura 2000. Ivo vari kunyanya mu pasi-anokosha zvikuru maitiro. Panyaya dzidzo, pane 30 vaMuslim, Jewish uye 282 8485 Catholic zvikoro muFrance.

Communication Culture uye chitendero

Culture uye chitendero muFrance nguva dzose anga zvakanyatsobatana. On unyanzvi nyika iyi iri kunetseka kwazvo vechiKristu uye Catholic tsika yacho. In Ages France kuti mukuru mapurani hurongwa havana nhare dzoushe, asi zvikuru machechi, uye dzimwe nguva chechi diki. Akanakisisa vemifananidzo uye mhizha vaishanda pakusikwa murals nadaltarnyh Kushongedzwa Stained girazi, akaveza nemasango zvivezwa aiendeswa mukati uye kunze kushongedzwa machechi. In mabhuku anogona kazhinji kuwana kumbotaura chiKristu. Yakakurumbira rondedzero mu French, "Rwiyo Roland" - nhoroondo huru kurwisana vaKristu uye Saracens, akatungamirirwa Roland, muzukuru yaKesari Karla Velikogo. Zvakawanda Ages mabhuku kwave rinotsigirwa mune tsika dzechitendero, somuenzaniso, zvakakurumbira kuMiddle Ages ngano Celtic. On basa nomukurumbira Vanyori kukanganiswa zvikuru nechitendero France, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa nemabasa Fauré, Sezara Franka, Widor uye Berlioz.

In mhedziso, tinogona kutaura kuti munyaya ino vaionekwa chete zvitendero zvikuru. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti vari pane zvakawanda. Mumwe kunamata kunokanganisa kwazvo upenyu tsika France uye anowana admirers yaro munyika ino.