Formwork - ndiko ... How kuti formwork?

Formwork - chivakwa zvinosanganisira dzakawanda. chinangwa chavo yakananga - kusikwa monolithic zvinogumbura. Saka kana uchizopa kuvaka imba, kuti chikamu nheyo, iyo ichava pamusoro pevhu, zvinoda formwork. Ngationei kuti chii, ndedzipi mhando dzakasiyana uye sei kuti yepamusoro formwork kuti hwaro amaoko avo. nditende, ichi achakwanisa kuita wose acharatidza yakafanira kushingaira.

Formwork uye mhando yayo

Takatodzidza afunga kuti Nheyo yakasimba uye aiva mumwe STRUCTURAL chimiro, zvinokosha kuti vavake shuttering. Zvino ndinoda kutaura pamusoro wake maonero. Pari zvino pane chete maviri: bvisika uye non-bvisika. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana formwork mugadziriro Somuenzaniso, kambani "KRAMOS" - http://www.kramos.ru/opalubka/. Pasinei norudzi formwork vanofanira kuchengeta nyore shoma, asi panguva imwe chete matambudziko anokosha zvikuru, mukuru pakati pavo - kugamuchira uye abate pose kwokudzvinyirira kwomunhu kongiri, apo haana kuchinja chimiro chayo. Inadmissible chokubuda kongiri kuburikidza chidziro, uyezve, formwork anofanira kukurumidza uye nyore kuvakwa. Ngatitorei kunyatsoongorora, pamwe maonero ayo uye kuona zvakanakira uye zvakaipira chimwe nechimwe.

Yatarwa uye bvisika formwork

Unogona kuona kubva rokuremekedza, kuti pashure hunowedzera mamiriro anova chinokosha rokuvaka nheyo. mhando iyi formwork - chivakwa yaigadzirwa chinyorwa nezvinhu. Vane nyore uye kutsanya kuisa. Sezvo zvinhu akashandisa Chipboard, fiberboard kana esimbi puranga. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvine musoro kushandisa styrofoam. Tichataura pamusoro gare gare. Kune zvakafanana zvinogadzirisa, Somuenzaniso, chengarava hwaro nesimbi kana asbestos pombi. dhayamita wavo ari kuwanda 150-200 millimeters. The pachena anobatsirwei mukurumari. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya muzviitiko apo aishandisa chengarava hwaro uye kongiri-rakanyorwa. Uyezve, formwork kwakadaro - ndiko kushaya zvimwe nyika nemabasa, uyewo kukosha kuisa ebetsero mabheyaringi uye spacers. Kana bvisika zvivako, saka hapana kutaura chinokosha. Mushure achidira nheyo nokuita formwork iri namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye bhodhi kana plywood anogona kushandiswa mune mimwe mhosva ipi.

Metal zvivako: zvakanakira nekuipira

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinodhura zvinhu kuti kungashandiswa kubudisa formwork ndiyo simbi. Pachirehwa machira anoverengeka millimeters mu ukobvu kazhinji, ndiko zvakakwana kurwisa mauto kubva panheyo. Just aida kutaura pamusoro zvemashoko chisarudzo chakadaro. Chokutanga, hazvina kukwanisa zvakabaya simbi pepa sezvaunoda. Nokuda ichi zvinokwanisika kuchinjira aida chimiro nheyo. Chechipiri, ichi ndicho chakanakisisa mvura, izvo chete unogona kufunga kuti nheyo dzako. Chimwe chinokosha - zvinokwanisika kuti weld nheyo chisimbiso kusvikira pamatanda. Kubva ichi kanoverengeka anowedzera STRUCTURAL simba. Asi iwe unofanira kushandisa yakasimba kana zviuno hwaro. Kana zvazvakaipira, ndiyo imwe chete - mutengo.

Fixed timbering kubva kuwedzerwa polystyrene uye kongiri zvinogadzirwa

Chokutanga ndinoda kutaura pamusoro chesamende zvigadzirwa. Chisarudzo ichi chaiva zvishoma isingadhuri pane kushandiswa sesimbi machira, asi mutengo hakusi kongiri Slabs uye diki, saka mari zvichabviswa akanzwa. Zvisinei, nokuda zvichiita kuchinja pakukora chesamende, unogona kuderedza kudyiwa nekongiri iri hwaro, naizvozvo, kunze zvishoma. Asi pano dambudziko ndeichi: Chokutanga, mahwendefa rinorema kwazvo, uye chepiri zvakakodzera kushandisa mamwe spacers sezvo zvinhu kwete monolithic. Kana munhu zvinhu zvakadai polystyrene, rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo formwork haisi kare, asi akatotanga akawana mukurumbira zvikuru nokuda kwayo kushanda. Huru nani iri nyore peungano. Blocks zvikuru nyore vasiyana yechigarire, uye pakati pavo abate nokuda simbi kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo. mhinduro akadaro akanaka nokuti, nemhaka yokukosha akaitwa monolithic zvinogumbura, nheyo inotengwa kwete chete zvakakwana sandara, asiwo Qualitative (kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye zvakanaka uye mvura).

Kuti shandisa ubvise nheyo?

Strip hwaro kusvikira nhasi ichaongororwa chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha nzira kuwana hwaro chivakwa ramangwana. The musimboti pano nyore. Kune jecha mabhegi, zvinonzi akazara wakagadzirira screed uye vakaumba gadziriro chisimbiso. pashure chete ichi zvinoitwa nokudira kongiri. Asi chii nani kushandisa formwork? Kuchava kukodzera chero mhinduro Somuenzaniso, kuvaka polystyrene furo, simbi, kongiri, uye zvichingodaro. N. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinoita kwete kushandisa chinhu, unotofanira akachera mugoronga. Asi zvakasimba asina akakurudzira kudaro, uyewo pezvingazoitika, kupfuura nezvimwewo. Maererano nenhamba, kazhinji chakasungwa yemapuranga formwork. Izvi kunonyanya kukonzerwa low mutengo waro kugadzirwa, uye kugadzwa pachayo zvikuru kutsanya.

Classic yemapuranga formwork

Pasinei chokwadi kuti nhasi pane zvakawanda zvitsva uye nemamwe zvayo zvekushandisa maitiro, zvinhu, vakawanda vaida womuti hurongwa. Izvi imhaka zvinhu zvakawanda. Chekutanga, mutengo. Nhasi pane mukana kutora formwork Rental, uye mwedzi kudzoka. Asi kunyange kana iwe chete kutenga puranga, hazvingaiti kuti ucharasikirwa, nokuti unogona kushandisa kwavo mune ramangwana. Somuenzaniso, unogona kuisa uriri zvakafanana chivakwa. Chimwe parameter chinokosha, nokuti ndiko kupa kupfuura ichi zvinhu - kushanda. Kana kumwe chinhu tumiti kana, Ukuwo, havana zvakakwana zvipenga chigadzirwa, zviri nyore chaizvo kugadzirisa tichibatsirwa jeko kana nenyundo zvipikiri. Somuenzaniso, plywood formwork kushandiswa ceilings. Hazvisi zvakachipa chete asiwo akavimbika kwazvo.

Kuita dzavo maoko formwork

Mabasa ose inoitirwa mumatanho dzakawanda. Ngatitange chaizvo kutanga chete. Tinofanira kuita zvose pasi basa. Pashure pakuverenga pasi STRUCTURAL mitoro basa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kusiya anenge 1-2 masendimita nzvimbo pakati formwork uye nheyo. Zvakafanira kuti nyore kugadzwa. Mune ramangwana, iyo chinhu azere pasi. Negorongawo inofanira kufukidzwa jecha (nejecha pamutsago). Zvadaro pane kongiri screed, izvo zvinokosha kuderedza kurasikirwa zvinhu panguva vachikanda. Kana kuda kugadzira pasi chisimbiso pematanda, ipapo anofanira nomuzvanza pasi Panguva iyi. In yechipiri kutotanga tichaita tote formwork. Kutanga gadzirisa zvose zvinhu, uye chete ipapo mberi zvakananga kuvakwa.

Chichatara, achisimbisa uye kugadzwa

Chokutanga, unofanira kuita marongerwo. Pashure paizvozvo, apo kuve makona formwork muchipinda hoko diki (yemapuranga). Vanofanira zvakananga kutsigira mamiriro. Zvadaro, uri pre-dzaona kukura, vachiwirirana mapuranga. Pano monolithic formwork zvinodiwa sezvo zviri nyore kuisa yakafanira kugadzira zvinhu. Nhovo zvipikiri, screws uye screws wanamatira pamatanda. Saka, chokwadi, akaumba pamatanda. Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Panguva yakawanda kureba iri formwork kana nemabhuku makuru akadurura kongiri zvakafanira kusimbisa chivako. Izvi zvinoitwa pachishandiswa spacers, izvo panzvimbo increments pamusoro 70-90 masendimita. Pane imwe mhinduro: kudhonza pakuvaka panhengo, asi muchiitiko chino, zviri mberi kushandiswa nhovo vari upfumi achava kwakaoma, sezvo vachatitaka mumakomba mapuranga. Panguva chokugadza unofanira kunyatsofunga kuongorora wehunyambiri mamiriro, izvo unofanira kushandisa chivakwa revarombo. cheap car insurance All vane achichisonera panguo. Kuti aite izvi, kukodzera chero nzira iripo. Kana kure pakati zviviri formwork zvinhu zvichava anopfuura 4 neMM, zviri pachena kongiri leakage.

Maitirwo kukarukureta?

Asati shuttering misha ichavakwa, inofanira dzaona. Izvi zvinoitwa kuziva dzinonetsa parameters. Somuenzaniso, funga zvikuru munhuwo yemapuranga formwork. Saka, bhodhi ine mwero kureba 6 metres, mumwe Ukobvu 25 millimeters uye wakafara makubhiti 100-150 mm. The mukomberedzo rokuvambwa inofanira kugoverwa 6, ndiro kureba bhodhi, uye kukwirira - kusvikira upamhi. Migumisiro vakawana kuti ngazviwande uye iwe chigadzirirai nhamba. Paavhareji, paavhareji cubic mita zvinotora mm anenge 42 kusvika 100 yakafara purangazve. Kubva musi uyu, zvichaita kupedza zvuru 5-6 rubles por bv. To izvi zvose zvinofanira kuwedzerwa, uye mutengo struts uye nematanda kuti STRUCTURAL chisimbiso. All pamwe chete mari vanenge 10 zviuru rubles. Somuenzaniso, zvachose formwork kubva rakawedzerwa polystyrene anofanira dzaona mazvikokota. Pano Nhoroondo chinobviswa nheyo urongwa. Kana pane kunzwisisa mitezo mizhinji, mari ichava anenge akafanana kana kutenga simbi machira. Kuwedzera pane zvataurwa, zvakakodzera Haazombokanganwi kufungawo mari consumables: zvipikiri, screws, Fittings, spacers, etc.

Unofanira kuwana woita chimiro? kwete dambudziko

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pasina rounding havangagoni kuita, uye ichi ndicho pachena. The esimbi Nhoo kana neinventarnaya yemapuranga bhodhi rinogona kushandiswa mashoko. Kana uchida kuvaka nyuchi, tinofanira kutanga kusika munhu T-Maumbirwe nokuwedzera mumabhuraketi. Musakanganwa kuti Vanoiroverera pamwe chete. Asi zvinhu zvose zvikuru kuoma kana uchida kuwana hakuna Square uye kumativi chimiro. Pano zviri nani kushandisa bhodhi. Unofanira kutaipa navo panheyo Upfu. Chokwadi kuti mbiru formwork kukurira yakakwirira chaizvo mutoro, saka Zvinokurudzirwa kuti wakasimba zvakagadzirwa. Kuti vaite izvi, mushure ose 50-80 masendimita vanofanira kushandisa ukama uye hoko kusimbisa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvine musoro kutsvaka akagadzirira-yakaitwa pepuranga. Kana iwe uri rombo, uchawana rakakodzera dhayamita uye tinogona kuponesa kwete mari chete asiwo dzenyu tsinga.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu zviri yakakodzera?

Chokwadi, unogona kushandiswa kwete chete bhodhi, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko ichi ndicho chete chisarudzo chakarurama. Kana uchida kuzomisa formwork simba shoma, asi woita chimiro, shandisa epurasitiki. Perfect mhinduro nokuti kuvaka setende, asi hapana zvimwe. Material zvakanaka hwakakungwa, kunyanya kana zviri zvishoma kupisa. Asi, zvino zvakare, ipapo shoma simba. Somuenzaniso, nokuti plywood formwork - zviri zvakare kunaka, asi zvakanaka kana zvimwe kunosimbisa bhodhi. simba rayo riri zvishoma kupfuura kuti mapurasitiki, asi zvakadaro zvinangwa zvakakura, ichi hachisi chinetso. Kana simbi machira, vanogona kushandiswa panenge kwese. Asi zvinoita zvishoma pfungwa shuttering kuti ceilings zvesimbi. Takudzai pano vari diki, uye uwandu hwaro, zvakare. Asi mari jira kushamisika hachifadzi iwe. Kana isu kutora simbi machira uye kushandisa kuti mbiru kana uko yakasimba chaizvo zvinhu kunodiwa.

Vamwe dzinokosha

Pano tiri nemi, uye akatarisa sei kuti formwork, uyewo chii zvinhu zviri nani akakodzera kuti kuzadziswa imwe chinangwa. Sezvaunogona kuona, hapana zvakawanda guru, Chikurukuru - zviri kutevedzera mitemo shoma dzinokosha. Chekutanga, zvinokosha mari yakakwana kuteerera akagadzira simba, uye chepiri hatigoni kukanganwa pamusoro hunyambiri mamiriro, sezvo kwakakosha. Somuenzaniso, paaisika wechikamu formwork nokuda kweDzimba rwauya zvakawanda sandara, zvine musoro kuti kuchera zvishoma muvhu pakati bhodhi. Saka uchawedzera simba uye kudzivisa skewing panguva kudira kongiri. Kana iwe usiri kushanda pamwe zvokunze masvingo, hazvina zvakakodzera kushandisa machira simbi, rinongova safunga. Kakawanda formwork akasikwa kubva plywood kana mapuranga, izvozvo kunobatsira chaizvo uye zvakakodzera.

mhedziso

Zvino kuti munoziva zvakataurwa formwork. Ichi chinhu pasina zvisingabvumirwi chero chivakwa kuvakwa mari. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pane chikuru kusarudza zvokuvakisa, kuvakwa musimboti inoramba zvakafanana.

Zvakanaka, ndizvo zvose kuti zvingaonekwa akati sei kuti ari formwork nemaoko avo kubva siyana nezvinhu. Kana uchizopa kugara muimba ino, ngwarira panguva mumatanho zvose. Chokwadi hatidi ipapo "no" munyonga uye nyorova masvingo kana makona nokuti wakanga haakudzwi verticality, kana kuti zvinhu zvakaipa raishandiswa.