Dzheyms Fenimor Kuper, "Pathfinder": pfupiso uye vanonyanya kutaurwa

Munyika yanhasi nashtampovat uye uninteresting munhevedzano enganonyorwa pamusoro hunhu vari kuramba kudzokera chaiwo vanhu uye nyaya kwavari: Dumas - "The Three Musketeers", Conan Doyle - "Sherlock Holmes", Cooper - "Pathfinder". Pfupiso of uchinzvera tinoyeuka mumwe upenyu. Ichi chaiyo mabhuku mangoda. Pashure pezvose, zvakaoma sei zviri zvakafanana anofadza kunyora mamwe nyaya, apo rarinoshevedzwa manyorerwo uye misoro, anosimbisa muverengi uye kumumanikidza kuti adzoke akatevedzana rokutanga enganonyorwa kuti mashoko.

Ndiani anoziva Chingachgook

Chimwe chinoshamisa kutenderera nyaya maIndia akanyora Dzheyms Fenimor Kuper. "Pathfinder, kana pamhenderekedzo Ontario" - inonzwisisika kuenderera yakapfuura yakabudiswa enganonyorwa. Bhuku rakabudiswa muna 1940 uye pakarepo akahwina mwoyo vaverengi vakawanda, kusangana zvakare dzenyu kufarira vatambi. Izvi muvhimi vakashinga Nataniel Bampo uye shamwari yake vakatendeka Chingachgook dzvuku - magamba yapfuura mabhuku maviri, "Deerslayer" uye "The Last the Mohicans."

We ndakadzidza kuti gamba anodiwa, anonyora Cooper, Ranger. The vanonyanya kutaurwa wechitatu yokufungidzira - muduku uye akanaka Mabel Dunham, akashinga ane seaman Charles kuvat, zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Munyu mvura", vechiduku uye kusarudza Dzhasper Uestern, izvo captivates ari nyore kunzwisisa uye. Uyezve, pane mbiri itsva Indian hunhu: Murwi nokupwanya Arrow uye mudzimai wake wechiduku Rosa The June.

Wonderful hunhu - hwaro rakafuridzirwa

The nganonyorwa yakaitika 1759 panguva noutsinye uye ropa French uye Indian Hondo pamhenderekedzo Lake muOntario. Uyu kwaaigara uye akarwa Ranger; Cooper Wongororo vakaramba kunzwa pamusoro hunoshamisa kunaka Indian ndima. Kunyanya vechiduku munyori, wakati kukandwa zvidzidzo ake pana Yale University akapinda basa iri Navy, akapiwa kugadzwa yake yokutanga yaiva munzvimbo idzi. Naizvozvo, pakusika ruzhinji enganonyorwa rwegungwa Chiitiko yazova colour nokuda nyaya yake.

About chii anoudza Cooper? "Pathfinder", pfupiso iyo, zvinoita sokuti, inogona akatamisira mune mashoko mashoma, zviri kuita zvinhu zvizhinji kwazvo. Saka, muna 1759, nyika chakafukidzwa nehondo ropa. Kwete hupenyu uye rufu kurwisa mauto Indian pamwe nguva hondo French. Sezvo kurwa vainyanya kunoitika mumasango, vaifamba mavari ngozi kwazvo. Kunyange makiromita mashoma mumwoyo sango mumatenhere hungada upenyu kushinga mufambi.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Ndezvipi adventures zvinorondedzerwa yokufungidzira rechitatu, Cooper? "Pathfinder", pfupiso iyo inofanira kutanga retell chii nemapfumbamwe American Mabel Dunham anoda kuenda Lake Ontario, apo nhare baba vake, anoratidza kunzwisisa ukama pakati British, French uye Indian. Munguva yakaoma uye ine ngozi rwendo Nomukadzi rinoperekedza Uncle Charles - old mukwasvi aiwanisa maIndia remadunhu- "Munyu mvura". Asi unexplored dondo migwagwa, saka sezvo vamiririri Mabel navatana gungwa mhumhi chinhu Indian vakaroorana - Warrior Tuscarora nokupwanya Boom uye wake Rose The June, saka zita nokuda kworunako kwayo uye kupfava. Gadzirira kukupfura anoenderera rwendo ...

The musangano St. Johani sana

Nokukurumidza, wechiduku muvhimi anogona hwema kweutsi moto. Ichiudza satellites rega nokupwanya Arrow kunyatsoongorora ekuona rizere mumiti. Pashure kwemaminitsi mashomanana pakuongorora, iye anoshuma kuti vakanamatira zvinhu zvavo. Ivo kubika pasi chokwadi kuti ichi mhando moto kunogona vesa murume chete chena. MaIndia kuzviita unhu zvakasiyana uye nani ouzivi masking dzoutsi. Pashure pfupi uto kanzuru kwakasarudzwa kutumira vanhu kuferefeta. Zvisinei, Mabel ave akashora urongwa, vachiti anodawo kutora zvakananga mugove kwavaizoenda. We nharo refu uye akasarudza pamwe kundosangana zvichibvira ngozi. Ndizvo zvinotisvitsa musangano wokutanga tsaru magamba F. Cooper. Ranger haina kuvanzika kwete kuvanzika - iye zvinyoronyoro kuzivisa ayo kuvapo.

Kungwarira chinyararire kuna utsi panobva, vafambi akaona diki kupishinura kuti akashanda se pakugumburwa nzvimbo varume vatatu - vaviri chena uye mumwe murume mutsvuku. Kuti ichengetedzwe kurwisa kune shamwari Send Mabel. Pashure pezvose, hapana muKristu akanaka kumbobvira kamwe mukadzi. Chokwadi, vanhu havana kufunga kuti kubata zvombo zvavo. Indian Pakuumbwa akatarisa Mabel makadzikama vadzokera ake kudya.

Kurutivi musikana akamira munhu anenge makumi mana, izvo pakutanga aitarire chakafanana musikana. Pasinei chokwadi kuti zviroto iye haadi vanomiririra akakwana murwi, murume uyu akanga serakaoma aikwanisa kwakadaro uye kubudirana pachena, saka vakatendeseka uye vane mutsa munhu kuti pakarepo akunda vavimbe Mabel. Iye pakarepo yakavimbisa musikana zvizere vakachengeteka zvavo kuita uye akatanga pachake - sana St. raJohani (saka, kunyange, uye akadana trilogy wake Fenimor Kuper "Ranger ...").

Akumbirwa baba vake

Kuona Chakashamisa wechiduku, Deerslayer akatsanangura kuti iye akapiwa zita remadunhurirwa rokuti maIndia nemano avo vanoziva zvakavanzika zviratidzo zvakasikwa. Asi Mabel akashamisika zvachose chinoshamisa zita munhu uyu. Akayeuka tsamba yababa vake, akanga nguva pfupi vasati vaenda. It ruzivo sajeni ataurwa aiva murume ane zita remadunhurirwa rokuti, iyo panguva chikumbiro chake, aifanira kuenda masango ngozi chemusikana. Uye musangano uyu atora nzvimbo.

St. Johani mhanga, Zvichakadai, akasuma shamwari dzake, vakanga Indian mukuru Chingachgook zita remadunhurirwa rokuti Great Nyoka uye unyanzvi nengarava Dzhasper Uestern. A duku yokuzviparadzanisa pamusoro Mabel pakudzidza vanodzima matatu ruzivo, akaenda hake.

mugwagwa ngozi

Terrific picturesquely akarondedzera nayo Adventure Cooper. "Pathfinder", mumwe retelling pfupi iyo zvinopinda mutongo rimwe, dzizere ose isingatarisirwi. Kwete kamwe, kwete kaviri Mabel neshamwari dzake vakanga vachiisa upenyu hwavo mungozi. Vakayambuka rwizi ngozi, ufeve dondo mumatenhere, tichidzivisa nemhizha musungo wakasiyiwa maIndia. Uye pakupedzisira, chiso nechiso pamwe ngwizhingwi American Indian rudzi - the Iroquois.

Asi nguva dzose kune kununura, Chokwadi, ndauya Nataniel Bampo. Ndiko kuti munyika yainzi sana St. vaJohani. Nemhaka ushingi uye kutsunga kwake, ruzivo nzvimbo dzakapoteredza neshamwari Mabel aigona kuenda Chirungu dzavarwi musi Lake Ontario.

Roman - kupangidza chaicho

Zvisinei, pamusoro vasvika paimba yamambo, vafambi dzedu kupinda yakatokura nhamo. Sezvo vose kure nemauto zvivako kuti havana kakawanda nevanhu kunze nyika, nhare, kana pane, ravarwi kwayo akafumurwa hadzimbotauri uye kushaya maonero chirango. It aiziva F. Cooper: "Pathfinder" inotiudza kutanga haungoerekani isingawanzowanikwi, uye kunobva kushaya vashandi.

Zviri zvakadaro tangle nokuchiva akafadza Mabel neshamwari dzake. Chaizvoizvo kubva maawa wako vari munhare Mabel yokuzviparadzanisa wavarwi wokutanga vaifungira wake mukuru Western hurumende, vachimupomera mhosva kushora. Pakutanga Old sajeni Dunham nokusatenda veracity mashoko wepabasa ake Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma kuchinja mafungiro, kubva nehanya akatendeseka seaman pamwe kunyumwira.

Uyezve, ari kunetseka nepfungwa kumupa chete mwanasikana yokuroora Natty Bumppo. Maererano naye, munhu uyu achakwanisa kuita mufaro Mabel. Zvichakadaro haana pfungwa pamusoro zvirongwa baba vake. Sajeni anofuridzira zvakasimba Deerslayer akafunga kuti Mabel anodyisa zvimwe zvakavanzika uye vakachena manzwiro vakananga kwaari. shure pakutanga chokwadi Inobvuma St. John kuti imwe shamwari yekare ambotaura. Upenyu hwake yave shoma femme fatales, pashure musangano navo Bumpo akapa ini mhiko asisiri kubvumira mwoyo wake kuti mudanane.

Ranger nevakadzi

Kuoma ukama nevakadzi Hypericum inorondedzerwa enganonyorwa pamusoro Cooper rokutanga. Ranger, pfupiso rudo nyaya kuti zvingaonekwa akapfuura shoko "anotambudzika", anoda kuramba vakasununguka uye kwete akasungwa muchato. In zvapfuura nyaya tiri kutaura pamusoro kutyira payo Dzhudit Harter - Floating mwanasikana Tom raMwari; uye jaya Alice Monroe, uyo akanga imprudence kuti zvomoto manzwiro resimbi Deerslayer. Ipapo Nathaniel akamira. Sezvineiwo ndinosarudza vakadzi upenyu husina zvakasikwa neshamwari vakatendeka.

Asi kana matambudziko Dunhema chakanga chakaipisisa, kana chete waneta kusurukirwa, St. raJohani, pakupedzisira, rikawira murudo Mabel. Ushingi uye achirema ayo anoshamisa, akafunga mikana yarinopa musikana ari manzwiro ako uye anopa rwake uye mwoyo. Disclaimer Mabel aiva chakakomba kurwadzisa kuti kuzvikudza pachake mana muvhimi. Chaizvoizvo pamuviri rudo nyaya Dzheyms Kuper. Ranger yakanga zvikuru kushamisika apo Mabel rudo kwakanga ushamwari nomwoyo wose.

The French hadzisi hope

Zvichakadaro, munhare vanotanga kuita zvinhu zvakaipa chaizvo. Achirova Arrow, mumwe Indian akaperekedza Mabel kuna baba vake, akadzosera musori yekare French. basa rake raiva kupinda munharaunda wakakombwa uye arambe Mushumo nhamba uye simba ravarwi rayo pavanatenzi vavo.

Kudivi rimwe, nezvemidzimu ichi akabvisa nokufungirana pamwe mukuru Western. Asi kune rumwe - nhare vagari vakaziva kuti muvengi asingadi kurara uye akagadzirira kurwisa. Nokukurumidza Castle kwave kuchiita kurwisa simba pamusoro chingashamwaridzana French mauto, rakanga vamutye nemhaka ushingise St. vaJohani sana wayo satellites.

Pechipikirwa chakaitwa baba vake

Zvinosuruvarisa kurwa kwakanga wokupedzisira imwe yekare Sgt Dunhema, akakuvadzwa zvokufa. Kufira mumaoko mwanasikana wake, anotora vimbiso yake - kuti chete kuroora Natty Bumppo. Kugumbuka Mabel dzomuchato kuzadzisa okupedzisira zvido tsaru murwi. sana St. Johani nemufaro mvumo yemuridzi musikana ave mukadzi wake. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvinova anoziva kuti Mabel kuzviita nechomukati. Kudzidza pamusoro mhiko, Nathaniel inosunungura musikana wake. Handiti, iye akasununguka muvhimi, uye nokuratidzwa ose muuranda zvisingagamuchiriki kwaari.

Uyewo, Ranger aona nezviso avo vakatsinhanisa pakati mukuru uye mukomana Western Mabel. Izvi pakupedzisira akanyengetedza rwomuvhimi iri yakarurama kwayo chiito. Nechekare azowanikwa kuti mukuru, Mabel kuona munyoro kusuruvara. Iye anoziva kuti St. vaJohani sana vaimuda zvechokwadi, asi nekuda undere ake havachafaniri kuedza kusangana naye.