Day musayendisiti yenyukireya - nyanzvi zororo Russia uye Kazakhstan

Kubva autumn, unogona kunzwa mubvunzo: "Zuva ipi musayendisiti yenyukireya" Izvi imhaka yokuti vagari vakajaira: mazororo nyanzvi inopembererwa kwevhiki mune imwe vhiki romwedzi. Pano zvakasiyana. Presidential Chirevo (03.06.2005) tsunga chaiyo musi - 28 September. Kubvira 2008, vakabatana kuti kupemberera uye Republic of Kazakhstan.

"Rosatom"

vanopfuura zviuru 250 vashandi mazana matatu namakumi matanhatu indasitiri renyukireya pamberi zororo nemasangano vakapemberera nyanzvi zororo pamwe nesimba - maviri wechipiri December. State Corporation "Rosatom" (2007) ndiro kwenzira nemauto, iyo chinobatanidza yaro sezvamunoita:

• Maindasitiri Makambani sevhiriyeni.
• Kumbobuda nokuti kugadzirwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya.
• Research Institute of zvenyukireya yefizikisi.
• Icebreaking rengarava.

Musoro ehurumende dzesangano, Sergei Kiriyenko, kamwe gotwe Prime Minister (1998).

Day musayendisiti yenyukireya - munhu werudzii mushumo nemauto kunyika, nokuti masimba ehurumende dzesangano kunosanganisirawo nyaya yokuchengeteka zvenyukireya, kukura nesayenzi uye kuzadzika dzakawanda mitoro.

History of indasitiri

Zuva September 28 haina nokusaziva kunorondedzerwa. Date chokuita 1942, apo USSR GKO chirevo aifarirwa pakutanga uranium exchange chirongwa uye akamisa rinokosha murabhoritari. Akatungamirira tsvakurudzo Academician I. V. Kurchatov, ane zita zvino chikuru musayenzi muzinda renyukireya. Hondo kungogumira mikana yokutsvakurudza mabasa, saka bvunzo muna 1945 yokutanga yenyukireya rwaiitwa vokuAmerica. Mushure Great Patriotic basa iri kushandiswa renyukireya kuti zvinangwa zvechiuto dzave kusashanda, yaakanga kunyange akamisa chifananidzo Inter-mushumiri komiti inotungamirwa L. P. Berii.

August 1949 - ane nhoroondo musi. nguva ino yokuedzwa wokutanga yenyukireya Semey, pashure 32 mwedzi pakutanga reactor yokutanga yenyukireya. Pasinei nezvinetso makore post-hondo, Soviet Union, zvaida zvakafanana nguva sezvo United States. Day muna musayendisiti wokuRussia renyukireya rinoti munharaunda yose dzesayenzi munyaya kunoshamisa chiitiko. Ryabev musayendisiti Leo anoyeuka kuti chesekondari vakapedza kudzidza pashure August mazuva 1949, vakamhanyira wefizikisi madhipatimendi, kuti ndiitewo munhangemutange angaguma muvengi. Mumwe pavatatu vaanodzidza navo zvino kushanda indasitiri yenyukireya. Yokutanga renyukireya simba chirimwa munyika, umo atomu akaiswa pabasa murume, vakava nesimba chirimwa muna Obninsk (July 1954).

Russian renyukireya indasitiri

Nhasi, kune 10 NPP, ane kuenderana musimba chizvarwa ndiyo 18.6%. Muchikamu European chikamu Russia kwazvo 33%. The Kudeuka simba renyukireya miti - Balakovo (mapikicha kushanya SV Kirienko kunogona kuonekwa munyaya), kuKalinin (pedyo guru), Kursk uye Leningrad. Zvino pane kuvaka dzimwe dzakabatana sere munyika, matatu navasere - kunze. Russia - chete nyika tinazvo renyukireya aizi rengarava. Nokukurumidza vachakupai kushanda ane zvinoyangarara simba renyukireya chirimwa, kuvakwa iyo rinoitwa panguva reBaltic Shipyard.

Day musayendisiti yenyukireya - ndiwo mutambo avo vari kuita uranium exchange migodhi. On mumatanda zvenyukireya mafuta, Russia ari wechitatu nzvimbo munyika mushure Australia uye Kazakhstan. Muna 2015, uranium exchange kugadzirwa raiva 3000 matani, izvo akasika nyika yechipiri pakukura panyika. Pashure zvinosuwisa muna paChernobyl zvesayenzi rinotarisa dambudziko kuchengeteka simba renyukireya.

Nuclear indasitiri muna Kazakhstan

Part of Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan yave chakakosha chezvinonhuwira simba renyukireya munyika. On Ndima yayo hakusi bedzi Semipalatinsk bvunzo yacho, asi chikuru Ulba chirimwa unobereka zvinoumba zvenyukireya mafuta. Muna May 2008, President Nazarbayev akasaina chirevo pamusoro pokugadzwa nyanzvi zororo musi September 28. musayendisiti Day zvenyukireya Kazakhstan, uyewo Russia, iri kuna zvakaitika 1942. Pakusarudza ramangwana yenyukireya-isina, nyika akavhara wakashata nokudzidziswa pasi, asi anoita mugove kukura bhizimisi yenyukireya.

Kazakhstan inopa 33% of munyika uranium exchange zvinodiwa, ari mutungamiri waro kugadzirwa. Gumi makambani anoshandisa anenge 10,000 vashandi. All mune zvose, nyanzvi zororo kugadzirira kupemberera vanhu vanopfuura zviuru 25. "Kazatomprom" uye "Rosatom" vakabatana pakusikwa Center pakati zvakapfumisa uranium exchange, kupa vatengi haana mbishi zvinhu rakapedzwa mafuta. Pari, nyika hapana kushanda simba renyukireya miti, asi urongwa 2018 - pakutanga kuvakwa wokutanga chechitima.

congratulation

musayendisiti Day yenyukireya haisi paruzhinji zororo, asi mhemberero chinyakare vose akaronga kuti 28 September. Vezvenhau vakabvuma vachikorokotedza avo vaiva kwakatangira iri bhizimisi, uye ndiani ari ukama, nhasi zvakananga. Akanakisisa vashandi uye masayendisiti vanopiwa mibayiro, kusanganisira kubva World Organization Wano. Kare, kuti bhizimisi renyukireya vakapemberera kwayo 70 gore (the count anoitwa kutanga reactor rokutanga), Zvisinei kupemberera vakapfuura rinokosha pezvose. Bazi chakakodzera vakatumidza muzvigadzirwa mbiru ehurumende. gore rimwe nerimwe muMoscow yakaita gala konzati pamwe zvesimba pamusoro Pop nyeredzi, pakati zviri kunyanya dzakakurumbira Sofia Rotaru.

Makorokoto kuna musayendisiti yenyukireya vakagamuchira uye muna Kazakhstan, uko indasitiri yenyukireya ndiyo kuzivikanwa munyika. Muna 2015, yakanga inotungamirirwa AK Zhumagaliyev, vaibva Bazi Investment uye Development. Nyika ndiyo yakanakisisa iri basa rakanga paakavapa musoro Kukudzwa murimi RK indasitiri kwenyukireya pamwe award ane goridhe kana sirivha ndiro. In Russia - Kukudzwa Worker kuti indasitiri wokuRussia yenyukireya. In kukudzwa gore akasimbisa menduru akakosha paakavapa kuti vakamborwa yacho indasitiri.

ndangariro

Pazuva musayendisiti yenyukireya vakasarudza kurangarira avo vachikanganisa rokudzivirira upenyu uye utano vanhu mumazuva iwayo matambudziko zvinotyisa, umo rugare atomu riri kubva kudzora musiki kwayo.

29/09/1957 Kyshtym nenjodzi yakaitika muna kuChelyabinsk mudunhu iri chirimwa "Mayak", iro chinogadzirwa tsvina yenyukireya. Munzvimbo radioactive kusvibiswa vaiva zvitatu makuru: yacho Sverdlovsk, Tyumen uye kuChelyabinsk. Misha makumi maviri nezvitatu yakasiyiwa nevagari, uye pamusoro zvibviswe tsaona vakatumwa zvechiuto uye vagari venyika vasiri varwi. Mari mamiriyoni 20 Curie nemwaranzi choutsi

Radiation mamiriyoni 50 akashandura Pripyat akachengetedzwa monument of paChernobyl nenjodzi muna 1986, vachisiya misha vanhu 300 zviuru. The liquidators of paChernobyl mutsaona - magamba chaiyo, kudzivirira kukura zvakatowanda anotyisa dambudziko.

September 28 - zuva kuonga kwete chete vanhu ava, asi naivo nyanzvi vanovakurudzira njodzi nokushanda bhizimisi renyukireya nhasi.