Cottage Chekhov Gurzuf (mufananidzo)

Chekhov kuti zhizha kugara Gurzuf, ane mapikicha shongedza vatungamiriri vazhinji kuCrimea, nzvimbo outorwa vose vaya hanya Russian mabhuku uye tsika. Shanyira chinofanira kanenge kuti kuyemura dombo Pushkin uye kwezuva.

Chekhov muna Crimea

Chekhov achida Moscow uye vaifarira kugara nechepakati Russia. Zvisinei, muna 1898, vanachiremba zano munyori kushandura okunze ari drier kuvat, nekuti panguva akanga atambura kubva tibhii makore masere.

Aenda kuCrimea, Yalta, Chekhov akatenga nomunda pamusoro iyo yakavakwa maviri storey imba, iyo inonzi "White yokurenda." Muna 1899 akagarisa hanzvadzi yake namai ikoko. Mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, munyori akaziva kuti akanga aita zvakaipa nekuti vose vaiuya kuCrimea, uye vakadzidza kuti muna Yalta Chekhov mupenyu, akasarudza kushanyira naye. Pakutanga, zviri akaneta, uye pakupedzisira vakatanga ngaabve pacharo. Izvi runoratidzwa munyori tsamba kuna mukoma wake Alexander, umo anonyora kuti pane anamapako muCrimea mari dzavo, iye "akakwanisa kuvaka jeri."

Kutenga imba Gurzuf

Muna 1900, Chekhov akatanga kusangana Olgoy Leonardovnoy Knipper, uyo aiva mutambi ari Moscow Art Theater. Naizvozvo, akasarudza kutenga imba duku utiziro kwaaigona kutiza kunetsa pfungwa shamwari uye admirers. Zvikuru netsaona, paakaziva yavakatengesa wechiTatar kari Gurzuf kuti mari yakawanda pamazuva iwayo - 3000 rubles. Chekhov akashanyira imba, uye akanga anakidzwa nayo, kunyanya nokuda zvikuru maonero. Izvi hazvishamisi, sezvo refu Gurzufsky Bay ave kutorwa vemifananidzo. Zvikurukuru, yava H. Bidstrup, R. Kent, I. Aivazovsky, ake mboni marinist Mahtesyan, uye gare gare - inonyatsozivikanwa vemifananidzo dzakadaro remakore rechi20, zvakadai mabhegi, Kukryniksy, Bisti, uye vamwe vakawanda. Uyezve, zvave rakafuridzirwa Z, Mayakovskogo Michael Dudina, E. yokungoita, B. Chichibabina.

Mutsamba hanzvadzi yake Anton raved pamusoro kutora kwavo, pakuti zvino mhuri dzavo muridzi "ari Cove yose apo chikepe anogona kuva ...". Imba yacho yakanga, mumashoko ake, lousy, asi raiva dzimba ina uye yakakura neberere.

Cottage A. P. chehova Gurzuf munhoroondo

Muzhizha 1900 vaenzi veimba mutsva munyori wokutanga vaiva mai vake, hanzvadzi Maria uye mhuri mukoma wake Ivan. Zvishoma Kwapera akasvika mudzimai wake O. L. Knipper ramangwana, uye Michael Chekhov nomudzimai wake nevana. Dzimwe nguva akashanya, uye mukoma Anton Pavlovich - Alexander.

Muna August 1900 paGungano dacha muna Gurzuf kwemazuva mashoma "vakapukunyuka" uye A. P. Chehov pachake. Akatsvaka ushoma ushande kuita kwokutanga "Vatatu Sisters." Munyori vakaedza hakuna kuwanikwa kubva pamusoro wake nepakanga pakahwanda, saka zvinenge hapana shamwari dzangu vakapinda yezhizha dzokugara muupenyu hwake. Anosiyiwa vaiva I. chete A. Bunin uye Vera Komissarzhevskaya. In Gurzuf Anton akapa yakakurumbira mufananidzo pamusoro mutambi chete chakanyorwa. Kana Bunin, zvakaitika musi Chekhov kuti zhizha kugara 1900, uye muchirimo 1901.

Under kuda munyori, rakanyorwa nokuda August 3, 1901, zvivako munzvimbo Gurzuf afa aiva kutama wake O. L. Knipper. Aida imba ino uye vakapedza gore pane chirimo. Kusara yaiva nemakore hondo chete. Tinozivawo kuti panguva Civil War akawana utiziro imomo vemifananidzo 'Kachalovskaya mapoka "izvo kuzoona kumaodzanyemba kweRussia. Gare gare, vaenzi vaiva Gurzuf dacha S. Richter, I. Kozlovsky uye O. N. Efremov.

Last nguva O. Knipper akasvika kuMoscow muna 1953, uye 5 Makore akazotevera, iye akatengesa Gurzuf dacha mifananidzo Meshkov. Rakanga ipapo yakatengwa neDare Union of Artists. Mumakore perestroika, nokutanga pamusoro O. Efremov imba yakadzorerwa muchimiro umo maiva AP Chekhov.

ekisiposha

Museum of Chekhov kuti zhizha kugara Gurzuf kubva 1996. The vashanyi kwamagwaro, rine zvikamu zviviri. Mune rimwe kamuri reimba unogona kuona zvimwe zvinhu uye magwaro enzvimbo Chekhov uye O. L. Knipper, uye wechipiri - pamwe Exhibits vakazvitsaurira kuna nhoroondo yakakurumbira kutamba "Hanzvadzi Three". Photos akauya prototypes pazvinhu ayo, makopi mapeji manyoro, wokutanga bhuku, uye vakaparadzana Shanduro 1901.

Kufarira pakati vashanyi vari mapikicha kuratidzwa kwe kutamba iri Moscow Art Theater muna January 1901 uye nhengo dzayo. Ari miziyamu unogona kuona zvokushandisa chaivo uye vatambi diki zvinobatanidzwa. Uyezve, zvinhu akaratidza zvimwe inoshandiswa pakutsigira zviri kutamba "Vatatu Sisters" Nemirovich-Danchenko 1940.

The pashoo, yakatsaurirwa kuna shamwari uye mhuri nhengo munyori wemitambo

Muna 1999, munyika imba-miziyamu A. P. chehova Gurzuf akapa nevashanyi mapikicha, vanodhirowa, zvinyorwa nezvimwe chokuita nemhuri munyori. Nhasi, ipapo unogona kuona reproductions pamusoro Portraits ose Anton Pavlovich, izvo zvakaitwa nomukurumbira Artists. Pakati pavo vane mabasa Levitan, O. Braz (kupenda basa neDare Tretyakov Gallery muna 1898), V. Serov 1902, uyewo mufananidzo pamusoro Chekhov achiri muduku, akasikwa 1884 nomukoma wake Nicholas. The miziyamu uye zvisingawanzoitiki, zvishoma-anozivikanwa mifananidzo, izvo kwemakore akawanda akaramba ari mumatura eimba-miziyamu muna Yalta munyori wemitambo.

Kudzokera ikoko

Chekhov kuti kugara muchirimo Gurzuf (kero. S. Chekhov, 22) iri zvakananga pamahombekombe. From Yalta (kubva bhazi) kuti ikoko nyore nenzira mbiri:

• By tekisi №106 kuti kumisa "forogo", ipapo - netsoka nenzira yacho embankment. Unofanira kuenda pamusoro kiromita.
• By tekisi №31b, pedyo Gurzuf. Get zvakakodzera pakupedzisira chemabhazi. Ipapo iwe unofanira kuenda 200-300 m, vachitevera nzvimbo zviratidzo.

Cottage yakazarukira vashanyi kubva April kusvikira mangwanani November, musi upi zuva, kunze Monday uye Chipiri. Telephone Museum: 36-30-05.

Mari zvizere tikiti - 100 rubles, uye revashanyi, zvinosanganisira rokuongorora yokumunda chirangaridzo chivanze uye Bay, tinorasikirwa 50 rubles ..

Chekhov kuti zhizha kugara Gurzuf: wongororo

vashanyi vakawanda kare akashanyira museum of munyori, tenda kuti inzvimbo kuti kunokosha kushanyira vaya ari pazororo mu Yalta. Chokutanga, vashanyi vanopemberera zvinoshamisa mumhepo kuti anotonga mumba uye pachivanze chake, uyewo mukana kunakidzwa yakaisvonaka gungwa maonero. The chete drawback, iyo inogona kuverenga wongororo kusiiwa evashanyi zvichikurukurwa forum, ndiko kuti Chekhov kuti chokugara muchirimo Gurzuf rakavharwa musi Chipiri, uyewo akavhara dzakawanda pagore. Pane nguva dzose yakatsvikinyidzana, saka hazvibviri kuongorora zvose Exhibits kukurukurwa nyore.

Zvino kuti munoziva apo Chekhov kuti zhizha kugara Gurzuf uye sei kuti ikoko, saka panguva yezororo iri Crimea achakwanisa, saka kutaura, aiva mueni munyori mukuru, mabasa izvo anotamba anopfuura remakore regai achiburuka kubva padanho mumakondinendi ose.