Complex nemarongerwo: muenzaniso mitsara. Dzemutauro dziri kunzwisisa syntactical zvakagadzirwa

In mutauro wokuRussia pane yakawanda nemarongerwo, asi avo kwakaita chikumbiro, mumwe - kuchinjwa shoko rakanyorwa kana ataura. Ivo kuridza chaiye zvokukurukura uye mabhizimisi uye kwesayenzi mutauro, vari kushandiswa munhetembo uye prose. It kunogona nyore uye kunzwisisa nemarongerwo, chinangwa chikuru iyo - zvakakodzera pfungwa uye zvinorehwa zvataurwa.

Pfungwa zvakagadzirwa dzakaoma

Vanyori vakawanda vanosarudza kutaura rondedzero mabasa ake uchibatsirwa nyore uye pfupi mitsara. Izvi zvinosanganisira Chekhov ( "Kupfupika - hanzvadzi tarenda"), Bhabheri, O. Henry nevamwe. Asi kune vanyori vanoshandisa mitongo pamwe kunzwisisa syntactic chimiro, kwete chete kubudisa zviri nani description, asiwo manzwiro kuti anounza. Kuparadzira chikuru vakagamuchira kubva kuvanyori akadai Hugo, Leo NdiTolstoy, Nabokov nevamwe.

Complex nemarongerwo - kupfimbwa ichi umo kunongova akasiyana syntactic ukama. Vanogona kubatanidzwa:

• Coordinative uye conjunctionless kutaurirana: "twemazaya echando Large zvishoma nezvishoma pakutanga akawira pakarongwa namabwe, uye ipapo akawira kurumidzei - a blizzard rakatanga."
• Asyndetic ne subordinative: "Panguva manheru, mamiriro ekunze dzakaderera hasha, hapana aida famba, kana ndapedza basa rangu."
• Mixed: "vakokwa All unyerere vakapinda horo, vakatora nzvimbo dzavo, uye chete pashure kuti vakatanga kutaura ari zevezeve sezvo musuo haana sokuti munhu vapinde pano."
• Coordinative uye omurume kubatana: "The guru dzakanaka mumeporo shizha akawira patsoka dzangu, uye ndakafunga kuti urutakure kuisa kuti muhari kumba."

To nemazvo kuvaka zvakaoma nemarongerwo, unofanira kuziva chaizvo interconnected nhengo. Kubva izvi kunoenderana inogara nyora mavanga.

Coordinative remubatanidzwa wenyika mhando

In Russian, kunzwisisa nemarongerwo anogona kuva zvikamu vakabatana pamwe chete nomumwe 3 mhando kwokubatana - coordinative, kuzviisa pasi uye asyndetic kana zvose kamwechete. Syntactic mamiriro coordinative mhando yeimwe ikashandiswa maviri kana kupfuura dzakaenzana inopa chokuita ekufambisa conjunctions.

Pakati pavo aigona hwogumisa kana swap navo, sezvo mumwe nomumwe wavo pachavo, asi pamwe chete ivo vanoumba zvinoreva rimwe sangano, somuenzaniso:

• Verenga bhuku rino uye muchaona chiratidzo itsva chokwadi. (Pakati vaitaura mbiri inogona hwogumisa, asi zvirimo vacharamba chete).
• Achisvika dutu, uye denga akazviratidza gore nerima, uye mhepo vakazadzwa mwando, uye wokutanga mhepo mututu vakamutsa muti korona. (Parts inogona interchanged, uye zvinorehwa mutongo zvakangofanana).

Coordinative chisungo kungava chimwe bhainda zvinoumba zvirevo dzakaoma. Dzinozivikanwa mienzaniso mubatanidzwa dzayo asyndetic chisungo.

Mubatanidzwa kushandisa intonation

Complex nemarongerwo kazhinji anosanganisa coordinative hwepedyo asyndetic. Saka akadana zvirevo kunzwisisa, zvikamu zviri chokuita mumwe chete intonation Somuenzaniso:

"Iye Wakamutsa yake danho (1): sezvamunoita, puffing, rezvipfuwo (2) kuti yemapurisa, uye ari locomotive hwamanda yasimbiswa (3)."

Pakati rokutanga uye rechipiri zvikamu mamiriro conjunctionless kubatana, uye mitsara wechipiri newechitatu ikashandiswa coordinative chisungo, vanotoda vakaenzana, uye iwe unogona kuisa pfungwa pakati pavo.

In muenzaniso uyu pane mubatanidzwa asyndetic coordinative zvisungo pamwe kwakarongeka lexical zvinoreva.

Design pamwe coordinative uye omurume kubatana

Mitongo umo chikamu chimwe chikuru, uye mumwe kubatsirwa, inonzi akakura. Panguva iyoyo kubva pakutanga kusvika wechipiri, unogona nguva dzose isa mubvunzo, zvisinei apo zviri Somuenzaniso:

• Handidi (sezvo kuti?), Pandakadzingwa akambomiswa. (Main Unit anofanira kutanga kupa).
• Pandakabhabhatidzwa hwakakanganiswa, handidi here (kana?). (The zvakataurwa inotanga omurume zvinoriumba).
• Natasha akafunga (nokuti rini?), Kuti kusiya nguva refu (sei?), Nokuti chiitiko zvakasimba kukanganiswa nazvo. (Chikamu mutongo wokutanga mukuru kuremekedza kune wechipiri, apo rechipiri - pachinhu yechitatu).

The yakabatanidzwa kuva mumwe, uye subordinative coordinative zvisungo zvinoumba yakaoma nemarongerwo. Mienzaniso vaitaura inokurukurwa pazasi.

"Ndakaona (1) kuti ndiri kumirira kutongwa itsva (2), uye kuziva izvi akandipa simba (3)."

Chikamu chokutanga ndicho chikuru pachinhu wechipiri, sezvo inesungano omurume chokuita. Chetatu navo coordinative chisungo achibatsirwa mubatanidzwa uye.

"Mukomana akanga akagadzirira kuchema (1), uye misodzi akazadza maziso ake kare (2) kana suo rakazaruka (3), saka kuti rinogona mberi pashure (4) amai."

Chokutanga uye mutongo rechipiri zvakabatana coordinative chisungo achibatsirwa Union "uye". Chechipiri, rwechitatu norwechina zvikamu nemamiriro rinobatanidza kuzviisa pasi.

In kunzwisisa syntactical zvakagadzirwa mazano zvavakaudzwa umbwa vanogona kuva kwakaoma. Funga muenzaniso.

"Mhepo vakanongazve, kukura pamwe ose mututu ose (1), uye vanhu vakavanda kumeso (2) uketani pavanova usapindwa itsva vakanyorerana kakawanda (3)."

Chikamu chokutanga kunzwisisa kutaura PARTICIPLE mitsara.

Types conjunctionless uye subordinating zvakagadzirwa

In Russian, unogona vanowanzoona asyndetic inopa, pamwe subordinative mhando yokukurukurirana. In mazano akadaro kunogona kuva zvikamu zvitatu kana kupfuura, zvimwe zvacho chikuru mumwe uye mamwe kuzvimiririra. Vakanga yabatana chikamu mibatanidzwa pasina kushandisa intonation. Izvi zvinonzi yakaoma nemarongerwo (mienzaniso pazasi) subordinating-asyndetic chisungo:

"Mune nguva yokunyanyisa kuneta, I kuwana chinoshamisa kunzwa (1) - ndiri (2), kuti handina nhengo izvo kuti mweya (3)."

In muenzaniso uyu, rokutanga uye rechipiri zvikamu chokuita ne chimwe chinangwa uye intonation, asi wechipiri (huru) uye chechitatu (anenge) - kunzwisisa mutongo.

"Kana zviri snowing (1), mai Kuta ini vakawanda zvameso (2), nekuda kweizvozvo ini ndisingagoni kufamba anowanzoita (3), iyo zvikuru kudziviswa kutamba nevamwe vana vari chando (4)."

In kuroorwa rechipiri chikuru ndechokuti hama kune wokutanga, asi chokuita wechitatu matauriro. Uyewo, mutongo wechitatu ndiko kunonyanya pachinhu wechina uye rinomiririra akakura marongerwo.

In kunzwisisa syntactic sechivako dzimwe zvinogona kwakabatana pasina sungano, asi panguva imwe chete kuva chikamu slozhnopodchinitelnogo zvinowanika.

The namaapuro mhando dzose dzokukurukurirana

Complex nemarongerwo, iro rinoshandiswa panguva zvose zvinoridzwa pakukurukurirana, havachamboshandisi. Shandisa inopa kufanana mumabhuku, munyori anoda kubudisa zvakarurama sezvingakwanisika mumwe zviitiko mutongo uye mabasa, somuenzaniso:

"Zvose gungwa rakange rofukidzwa nemafungu (1), kuti nzira kugungwa akava kupfuura (2), vakaputsa nomubvumo ine simba chipingamupinyi (3), uye ane vasingagutsikani muridzo mvura yaserera (4) kudzoka akarova aine rukuru ( 5). "

In muenzaniso uyu, rokutanga uye rechipiri zvikamu chokuita kuzviisa pasi kubatana. Wechipiri newechitatu - asyndetic, pakati yechitatu uye chechina - coordinative ukama, uye wechina uye wechishanu - zvakare subordinative. nemarongerwo kuoma kwakadaro inogona kupatsanurwa kuva zvirevo zvishomanana, asi vanoumba rwose, ivo zvikuru mupfungwa.

Weboka vaitaura nezvirwere zvakasiyana pakukurukurirana

Nyora dzomutauro dziri kunzwisisa syntactical zvakagadzirwa vari kupfeka chete hwaro sezvinoitwa kunzwisisa, slozhnosochinennogo conjunctionless uye mitsetse, somuenzaniso:

• Kana okumabvazuva denga rakanga musoro wachena, akanzwa kuchema jongwe. ('Anozviisa Pasi kubatanidza).
• Light maumi akarara mumupata, uye mhepo yakadedera pamusoro miriwo. (Remubatanidzwa mutongo).
• Kana Disc kwezuva vakasimuka pamusoro mujengachenga, kana nyika yose yakazadzwa machemero - shiri, zvipembenene mhuka akanokwazisa zuva idzva. (Comma anomira pakati huru uye nemataundi zvikamu kunzwisisa mutongo, uye nokuputsanya anotsaura kubva conjunctionless).

Kana isu nokubatanidza vaitaura kupinda mumwe, unokwanisa kunzwisisa nemarongerwo (9 kirasi nemarongerwo):

"Kana denga kumabvazuva akanga musoro wachena, akanzwika richikukuridza (1), chiedza mhute akarara mumupata, uye mhepo vakadedera pamusoro uswa (2), kana Disc kwezuva vakasimuka pamusoro mujengachenga, kana nyika yose yakazadzwa machemero - shiri, zvipembenene mhuka akachingamidza itsva zuva (3). "

Analysis kunzwisisa syntactic zvakagadzirwa

Kuti aite kuti kuongorora vaitaura nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana maererano, unofanira:

• kuona kwayo mhando - declarative, interrogative uye zvinokosha;
• tsvaka kuti vazhinji vaitaura, zviri nyore, uye kuwana nemiganhu dzavo;
• kuziva mhando kubatana pakati zvikamu nemarongerwo;
• dzinoratidzwa sechivako nomumwe chinogumbura (yakaoma kana nyore mutongo);
• kuti zano rake.

Saka zvinoita kuti parse chivako chero nhamba kubatana uye zvinogumbura.

Application vaitaura nezvirwere akasiyana kwokubatana

Zvivako kwakadaro zvinoshandiswa pakutaura kwezuva nezuva, uyewo nhau uye mabhuku. Vanonyanya kutapurira manzwiro uye nemanzwiro munyori pane zvakanyorwa yoga. tenzi Great, kushandisa zvakaoma nemarongerwo akanga Revh Nikolaevich NdiTolstoy.