Chronometer - ndeiyo mashandiro kana zvakarurama - kuti kuremekedza madzimambo

munhu wese chinhu chisipo. Imwe mari, kufunga uye agoda mumwe, utano rechitatu. Asi chii chinoshayikwa zvose zvinonyatsoteerera - zviri nguva. Ndokusaka vanhu nguva dzose aida kukwira aine mudziyo hwaishandiswa vachakwanisa zvakarurama kuverenga nguva rationally kushandisa navo.

Zvisinei, vakawanda maawa mashoma okutanga vakanga vasingavimbiki zvikuru uye novimba dzezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu. Asi kamwe kwakanga yagadzirwa mukuru-zvakarurama Chinoshandiswa kuyera nguva - chronometer. Ndiyo zvinoshamisa kuvamba, oddly zvakakwana, vanokanganiswa kwete chete upenyu vanhuwo zvavo. Nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa mudziyo ichi chokutanga yakabatsira vakwasvi kuti nani kufamba yakakwirira makungwa.

Chronometer - chii ichi?

Shoko "chronometer" rinobva wemishonga maviri echiGiriki okuti: "nguva" (chronos) uye "nechiyero" (mita). zvinova pachena kuti chinangwa chayo kubva zita mudziyo - kuyera nguva. Mune mamwe mazwi, mumwe chronometer - murindi asi hwakavimbika zvikuru, akakwanisa kuramba kushanda zvose ezvinhu uye kuchitonhora, uye achitsva nezuva.

Nyaya chronometers

Chronometers havana vokutanga zvokuimba wachi. Zvisinei timers vasati vari pfava chaizvo uye kutyora nyore pasi ezvinhu ipa zvakatipoteredza. Uyezve, kunyange chaiye ezvinhu nguva wachi wakatanga "nhema".

Asi kuti zvose zvakachinja muna 1731 apo mumwe watchmaker British Harrison akazogadzira chronometer zita. kuvamba Izvi kukosha kwazvo kukura mugungwa zvenyika. Sezvo Harrison mudziyo akaramba kuratidza nguva zvachose chaiyo chero mamiriro, zvinobatsira kuti vashandi kuziva Longitude, uye ipapo Coordonatele muchikepe.

Pasinei kwayo kudhura, iro chronometer yava kazhinji kushandiswa ngarava uye pamusoro pokumuka aeronautics uye ndege.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Harrison magadzirirwe zvokuti akakwana kuti mumakore dzinoramba anenge kuchinja. The chete chakatsiva zvimwe zvinhu chronometer kuti kupfuura ano, chiedza uye hunogara.

Marine chronometer

Kugadzirwa Harrison (asati ari remakore rechimakumi maviri vakatanga kutsiva nyore uye isingadhuri gungwa kufamba wachi pamwe Kudzikamiswa uchishandisa Goldstone sekristaro resonators, uyewo GPS) kwave chakavimbika kupfuura chishandiso vengarava, saka vanokwanisa kusarudza nzvimbo yavo.

Kazhinji, zvose zvomumvura chronometers vane fanana mwero kuvakwa. The rinokosha (kunyanya emapuranga) muviri pakuiswa clockwork. Nokuda Hull chimiro here chero mamiriro ezvinhu chronometer rakaitirwa munhu chinjikira chinzvimbo. Housing kwakarinda yokurinda mashandiro pakuona tembiricha kuchinja, uye kuchinja nzvimbo midziyo.

Chronometer wristwatch

Nokugadzirwa mukuru-zvakarurama wachi, vanhu vakawanda vakatanga kufungidzira kuti zvakafanana kumba. Pahwaro nokugadzirwa Harrison vakatanga kuti rusvingo uye tafura Goldstone wachi nokuda musha. Papera chinguva, mabikirwo akaderedza mashandiro nokusika chiningoningo chronometers, saka zvakakodzera kuti vakabatikana vanhu vanoitirwa ose wechipiri kwavo uremu goridhe.

Sezvo kwaiva dzokurinda pamwe zvakarurama chronometer, akapfuura akawanda emakore. Nhasi, mumwe kambani nokuzvidzora pamusoro kuti pagadzirwe dzokurinda ane kwayo mudzinza yokutevedzera pamwe chronometer. Pasinei neizvi, rakarurama uye kupfuura yepamusoro, sezvingatarisirwa, ndiko timepiece Swiss.

Uyezve, zviri Switzerland vari mubasa vachiongorora Watch kufamba pasi pose aikwikwidzana musoro chronometer. Kwemaawa ava akatanga kushandiswa ISO 3159-1976 yepamusoro mureza.

Ndinoziva sei kana kuti kutarisa chronometer?

Kuva yakarurama kwazvo nenguva yeko wose anorota. Uye kunyange zvazvo vazhinji chiningoningo nenhumbi kuti kuyera nguva kunoratidza kuti pane chronometer maawa, pane kunze. Naizvozvo, unogona kutarisa kunze pachavo kana mune zvakakodzera nenhumbi.

Kuti tione zvakafanira kuti chokwadi kana pane wachi iri yakachena bhatiri mairi kana kuti havana hwakatangwa refu, kuti arege kunokanganisa kuchena kuedza. Next unofanira kuisa zvakarurama nguva. Pashure paizvozvo, wachi anofanira kushandurirwa kune imwe nzvimbo pasi raundi uye kusiya sezvo vakadaro kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Mushure expiry pakati wachi dhayira kuti pafiripi uye kusiya mumwe maawa makumi maviri nemana. Zvino unogona bvunza nguva chaiko. Kana mazuva maviri vasiri mureza chinzvimbo wachi vakatanga "nhema" chete +/- 8-12 masekonzi - a chronometer. Nokuti tsika huru - kwomuzvarirwo maawa.

Unogona kuedza musha rokuongorora uye nedzimwe nzira. Somuenzaniso, akusungirire wachi pamadziro - maawa makumi maviri nezvina inowanzotorwa chinzvimbo, uye zvakafanana vakutarisire. Zvinogonekawo kuti kutarisa tembiricha. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti wachi havafaniri kuva yakareba kuchitonhora madhigirii anenge masere pamusoro zero, uye vanopfuura makumi maviri nemashanu inegumi.

Chronometer uye Chronograph: chii musiyano?

Achitaura wachi, vakawanda kazhinji kunyonganisa pfungwa yakafanana zvakadai Chronograph uye chronometer. Uye kunyange mashoko akafanana chaizvo, mutengo vari yakatosiyana.

Kana timepiece - yokurinda chaiwo akaitwa munhu mashandiro kuti zvakarurama kuratidza nguva ipi ezvinhu, kuti Chronograph - duku yokuwedzera dials maawa pamwe zvionera zvigadziriswe. Dzimwe nguva chronograph kuratidza kuzvitsaurira nguva kana aiendeswa ruoko wechipiri.

Anopfuura mazana maviri namakumi mashanu apfuura kubvira ipapo, chronometer yagadzirwa. Kubvira ipapo, haana kufanana zvakakurumbira nepagungwa bhizimisi, kunyanya nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa GPS-wekushandisa. Zvisinei, ayo anoshamisa zvakarurama yasara kuzochinja. Saka, vanhu vazhinji vachiri kufunga kuti kushandisa wachi Swiss pamwe chronometer uye nguva dzose chaizvo kuziva nguva.