China: zvicherwa uye kuzorodzwa

Imwe yakakurumbira nyika munyika - China. Zviri muAsia, kureva yaro nechepakati uye okumabvazuva. Vagari vanhu vanopfuura bhiriyoni 1. Beijing ndiro guta guru, mutauro unonyanya - Chinese.

China, kuti zvicherwa zviri mined kwezviuru zvemakore uye vari zvikuru munyika, zvikuru munhu dzakabudirira nyika ine rakanyatsorongwa zvoupfumi bhora. In vanhu, hweKudenga Empire anonzi "fekitari kwenyika", nekuti vakawanda zvigadzirwa, izvo aivigirwa kunyika dzakawanda, unobva kuna China.

Power munyika huri mumaoko Communist Party kubva 1949. Zvazova mutemo pakarepo pashure kuziviswa vanhu Republic of China. Hurumende iri dzimwe masangano munyika dzakadai UN, WTO nevamwe.

muzvarirwo

Relief zviri China uye zvicherwa zviri mined, nokuda zvakaoma orography. Hurumende iri conventionally muzvikamu zvitatu zvinoti: Tibetan Plateau, Central Asian pamapani, mumupata iri kumabvazuva China.

Yaiva Tibet zvikuru amutsa Upland mapani, Highlands siyana (runonyanya nechepakati nharaunda) anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri akawanda. Heano neeSultan gomo, dzinova eHimalaya, Karakoram, Kunlun, Nanshan uye Mountains Hengduan.

Relief uye zvicherwa China yakatanga zvakasiyana. Kazhinji kune neyemitenusirwa, woita Nhongonya, karst siyana, uye watersheds. Musi Central Plains dziri mune rinozivikanwa mhiri Asia nenzvimbo dzakakwirira anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Neyamapani mapani ruoko kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, rokutora kumahombekombe eGungwa Yellow.

Kune nzvimbo mugwenga, Semi-mugwenga uye inowanzorimwa. Pane Zvakajairika chimiro ichi kuzorodzwa sezvo yardang.

Rich nevhu vanowanikwa pamapani vanomuka kuti kukwira pamusoro 1500 M pamusoro pegungwa. Zvinomera pano akafuma zvikuru. Nokuda nokuchinja zvikamu umo China iri, Mafuro akanaka payakakurudzirwa yakatsiva chando renje, uye ivo, akavapindurawo, chikatsiviwa Sub-Tropical dondo.

Climate

China, zvisaririra zvacho zvikuru kuvimba okunze, ane unozvidzora Continental ekunze. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzaitongwa nechando madutu. The tembiricha inogona inodonha 25 madhigirii pazasi razero. Munzvimbo mapani nenzvimbo dzakakwirira chando arege kuwa, zvachose kunayisa hakuiti pfuura 260 mm pagore.

Kumabvazuva Republic of China anozvikudza munhu unofadza zvikuru mamiriro ekunze. Okunze ndiko monsoonal, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yacho ine predominance pakati vakadzikama uye subtropical, vamwe - achitsva nedutu.

In yechando, tembiricha kunonyanyisa runoonekwa kusvika -25 madhigirii (North) uye 10 madhigirii (kumaodzanyemba). Mukuru kunonaya mune dzimwe nzvimbo yakafanira pakuvapo uwandu nzizi nemapopoma zvakakwana.

Madutu, tsunami, mafashamo - zvose izvi aizivikanwa vagari nechokumabvazuva China. Izvi zviitiko ekunze vari zvakajairika, uye havachisiri kutya vagari vemo. Patsime munyika, kureva mumagwenga ayo, nokuda zvimwe zvinhu okunze zvinosimuka makuru jecha dutu, izvo somugumisiro iri kune yose Japan, South Korea, uye Democratic People kuti Republic of Korea (DPRK).

Geological mamiriro

Pachikuva of China ndiro China pachayo. Zvicherwa zvikurukuru kuvimba nayo. Sedimentary butiro, iro rakaumbwa nokuda zvomumvura uye Continental sediments, vakaumba emakore akawanda. Kune vakapfuma deposits pamusoro chromium, kutungamirira, ndarama, molybdenum nezvimwe zvicherwa. Vazhinji vavo dziri mumakomo uye mapani.

Geosynclinal kunzwisisa kare akapwanyika uye akaputsa pachishandiswa kumusumudza. Pano vari mined girenayiti kuti akaumba ichangobva. China (zvicherwa vanoongwa pose), nezvi- mafuta, marasha, chromium, kutungamirira, ndarama, zingi uye nickel. Mune dzimwe nembiya dziri manyuko gasi, gaba nemekiyuri. Kusvikira ikozvino, zvisaririra zviri aumba pamusana pokuramba zvizivikanwe nemichina basa uye volcanism.

China chicherwa pfuma

Hurumende ine zvicherwa zvakakwana (kureva, mafuta uye mbishi) zvekushandisa. Nyika mutungamiri marasha kugadzirwa munyika. Panewo pfungwa pabwe, asi zvishoma kakawanda. Inogona kuwanika kuchamhembe uye kuchamhembe-mabvazuva.

Sezvo 2007 China - mutungamiriri negoridhe kugadzirwa. Makore maviri apfuura, inzwi ndokumuka kunyange kanoverengeka. Nemhaka iyi vachibudirira goridhe mugodhi kwete chete muna China pacharo, asi kunze izvozvo.

Anovandudza uye chiyero shale. Zvino pane plan pagadzirwe anopfuura mabhiriyoni 6 cubic metres kubva shale.

Zvose anozivikanwa mhando zvicherwa munyika China mune zvinopfuura 150. In iyi, 20 vavo vari kukwezva yakawanda nzeve munyika, nekuti ivo zvisinganyanyi kuitika. Huru chicherwa pfuma muna China, iyo zvishoma vachiti hazviiti - mafuta, marasha, gasi, mafuta shale, radioactive okunze, uranium exchange uye thorium.

Zvose zvenyika marasha Matura dzichiitika anenge mumwe wechitatu. Akawanda riri kuchamhembe kwenyika, kunyange zvazvo rinowanikwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo. "Coal House" mu China runoonekwa kuna Shanxi. Pano pave anenge 30 muzana nhamba. Munguva ichangopfuura, ari mamiriro akavhura nhanhatu pakukura gasi deposits. Chinonyanya kukosha panyaya iyi ndiyo nzvimbo East Sea China.

C 50s mu China Zvave akazaruka nzvimbo 350, umo mune minda mafuta uye gasi vari.

ferrous simbi

Huru chicherwa pfuma mu China - titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese uye simbi. Titanium, simbi uye manganese mhangura munokosha zvikuru. Kurema nerokuti reserves dzavo vanofungidzirwa anenge mabhiriyoni 50 matani, apo mumatanda ose manganese - matani mamiriyoni 400 chete. Vazhinji simbi iri Liaoning, manganese - muna hubei.

Zvinokosha uye rova nesimbi

Boka "zvicherwa anokosha uye kashoma" chinosanganisira zvicherwa siyana munyika. China akapfuma:

• mhangura;
• aruminiyamu;
• kutungamirira;
• zingi;
• nickel;
• cobalt;
• tungsten;
• gaba;
• molybdenum;
• mekuri;
• namavara akanaka;
• bismuth;
• goridhe;
• sirivha.

Kunze kwavari, yakawana akawanda zvinhu kungova Platinum boka.

China pokutanga kutanga munyika kwenhamba deposits zvicherwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira zvakadai tungsten, zingi, tini, namavara akanaka, molybdenum, kutungamirira, nemekiyuri. Copper kunoitika vazhinji mhenderekedzo yacho the yangtze River, uyewo mamwe mapurovhinzi (Sichuan, Yunnan).

rova nesimbi

Peoples Republic of China ane deposits nezvezvikwata vasere zvisinganyanyi kuitika nesimbi, kashoma-pasi zvicherwa, uye gumi gumi nerimwe nyore, vane dispersirovannye okunze. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti China kwakaita kushoma hunoshatisa zvicherwa iiswe zviduku zvakawanda, ukuwo deposits enyika chisingawanzowaniki nesimbi kuchena pakukura pasi pose.

Non-esimbi mhangura

Pakati 73 dzisiri esimbi zvicherwa, vasangana pano ari oga marudzi mapfumbamwe sezvo nezvaishandiswa mune simbi indasitiri somunhu feedstock. Uyewo 23 mhando avo vane chinangwa chete, chete makemikari indasitiri. Chinonyanya kukosha pakati aya sarufa, asbestos, phosphorus, gypsum uye nevamwe. Kunze kwavari, mutengo ndiwo nejedhi nezvimwe Semi-anokosha nezvibwe zvinokosha.