Chii vanotenga simba currency?

The vanotenga simba mari - cho currency chero nyika. Kunoratidza uwandu nenhumbi (kana mabasa) pasi kuitika pamwero mitengo uye tariffs, inogona kutengwa pagungano chairema currency.
The klassiske tsanangudzo rokuti "vanotenga simba" anopiwa mu mabasa nezvoupfumi mu yakakurumbira basa American yemasvomhu, purofesa Yale University (USA), Irving Fisher, aiwana mukurumbira munyika dzakawanda, uyewo maenisaikoropidhiya zvose, zvemitemo, zvoupfumi maduramazwi. Mukutonga vanotenga simba mari (mari) rinoreva kugona currency kuti vakatsinhanisa kuti imwe nhamba kutengeswa zvinhu uye mabasa.

Saka, kunyange zvazvo izvi zvinoreva zviri mari dzaishandiswa vakawanda hazvo nyika. It rinowanikwa sechinhu indekisi, inova itirana unonyatsoratidza mutengo indekisi. It kunobva nemamiriro turnover uye kukosha nenhumbi.

Economic Dictionary anodudzira pfungwa sezvo nhamba mari uye mutengo mumatunhu. Kureva, yakatarwa mari pamusoro zvinhu uye mabasa kuwedzera mutengo zvinotisvitsa vasanyanye rokutenga simba neimwe mari. The chete matsamba chiripo pamusoro zvimwe zviratidzo zvoupfumi - mari indekisi mupenyu.

The vanotenga simba chero mari - nechiidzo chinokosha Pakusarudza Gengi. Kugadzwa vakaenzana mwero hazvibviri pasina ruzivo rokutenga simba neimwe mari, t. E. Huwandu pfuma inowanikwa kutenga pamusoro kumusika upi nyika iri National mari.

Kusvikira 70s remakore rechi20, ukoshi ichi kunoyerwa negoridhe. Huwandu goridhe uye kukosha kwayo currency zvave enshrined mumutemo norumwe ehurumende. Somuenzaniso, kwenguva refu, mari yakanga akaenzana 1/35 ari mutengo ane magiramu (dzakawanda chairema pakurema). The Gengi kwaibva fananidzo zviri zvendarama muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana dzeEurope.

Pari, ndarama rinoshandiswa pachinzvimbo "mutengi Tswanda", t. E. Mumwe akagadzirwa zvinhu uye mabasa. Zviri pachena kuti munyika imwe neimwe nhamba kuti kutenga zvimwe zvinhu anopedza mari siyana, zvichireva siyana rokutenga simba yomunharaunda mari. Mukuwedzera, rokutenga simba chavagari kunoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu, mukuru pakati pavo - nhamba pakati mari "mutengi rokuyeresa" uye mubayiro chaivo. Zvinonzi pakutsvaga nhamba munhu-kwemaawa vanoenderana kutengwa chigadzirwa.

The vanotenga simba Russian Ruble, maererano nyanzvi, kuwa rimwe 15-25%. Finance, achitaurwa nevanopinda hurumende bhajeti kudzikamisa mutengo mitengo, gore-yokupedzisira kudzikisa ukoshi. The kukura chairo mitengo uye tariffs, anodarika kaviri sezvo zvokudya hurumende mari. Tichifunga kuramba backlog pakati mari, kushivirira uye pensions pamusoro subsistence zvishoma tinogona kutaura kuwa rokutenga simba Ruble hakuna asingasviki 30-35% pagore.

Panguva iyoyowo, maererano vaongorori, mutengo nenhumbi, mabasa, uye pamwechete navo, ukuwo, uye rokutenga simba Ruble iri siyana dziri Russian Federation anogona siyana yekudyidzana (8-16 nguva). E. Chaizvoizvo yakasimba National mari rimwe chete rokutenga simba munyika yedu haako.

The Gengi yacho Ruble, maererano Central Bank, kwete asingasviki 70% mumakore 15 apfuura, richitsigirwa kunze kwenyika kuti mbishi zvinhu (kunyanya mafuta uye gasi) uye Semi-dzapedza zvigadzirwa pauri. Nokuda chii, zvino, akaita akazivisa upfumi? Nokuda nezvokukura chitoro mitengo. In vose vanotongwa Federation mumaindasitiri dzakawanda pane donhwe mukurima uye kubudiswa ezvokutengeserana zvigadzirwa, asi achifumira mitengo pfungwa anofungidzirwa kuva upfumi.

Kudzorera pakuenzanisa "mutsigiro nomudonzvo, kudiwa" iri chinhu-mari pamusika, hurumende inofanira kuva mutemo containment kuwedzera mari nerubatsiro uye zvinoita kugadzirwa (sezvo, somuenzaniso, muna China pakutanga usapinde kuchinja). In ezvinhu enyika constraints zvemari, mutemo vakadzinganiswa nyika yedu kubva 1991, zvinoderedza goho, mumwe inorwara dzinongoitika mbishi zvinhu kunze kwenyika yakawedzera panguva nokurasa mitengo, iyo inosvitsa mberi pokuwa kugadzira zvekutepfenyura hwenyika.