Chii vakasiyana mabhuku folktale? Zvakafanana uye misiyano

Mabhuku acho dzechembere ndezvaJehovha chete Genre, saka zviri zvikuru zvakaoma kuona musiyano pakati pevairwara ngano kubva chaiko. Zvinoonekwa kusiyana vane rondedzero chimiro uye dzimwe mukati. Hwaro chero rungano nyaya chinhu chinoshamisa nyaya dzose-nguva adventures (uye dzimwe nguva Akane) huru vatambi, asi ari folklores rangano anobva chinyakare nzira, asi mune mabhuku nhoroondo iri yemunyori shanduro mharidzo.

zvavo dzechembere

Kuratidza kusiyana chaiko uye chevarwere nyaya, vanofanira kuongorora tsanangudzo mashoko. Folk ngano - ane nhaka wekare tsika iyo, kunyange embellished chimiro, akachengetedzwa cherudo ukama hwenyika (Nature) uye Human yemadzitateguru. Pane demarcated zvakajeka mutsetse pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, akaratidza mitemo inokosha yetsika uye tsika dzakanaka munzanga, akaratidza achirova zvimwe zvitupa, zvitendero uye nzira youpenyu. Rengano, chevarwere akadana, vane pachake kupatsanura yavo:

• Magic ( "Magic mhete", "Vaviri Frost", "Frost").
• Epic ( "Bulat-kuita", "Vavila uye buffoons", "Dobrynya uye Nyoka").
• Household ( "tenzi Poor uye muranda," "Mbavha uye mutongi", "anodhura zvokudya").
• Simba ( "Ivan - nyika mwanakomana uye Wonder Yudo," "Ivan - mhou mwanakomana", "Nikita Kozhemyaka").
• Satirical ( "Pop Good", "A Benzi uye Birch", "Porridge demo").

A vakaparadzana niche iri kukurukurwa kupatsanura kugara ngano vatambi kuti kuonekwa mhuka ( "Geese-swans", "mbudzi-Dereza", "Masha uye dzeAkituro"). Dzavo chidzoke nyanzvi anobatana tsika dzekare dzechihedheni uye zvaunotenda.

mabhuku rengano

Achienzanisa acho uye mabhuku rungano, unofanira zvachose kufungawo kuti ekupedzisira yakabuda zvikuru paya pane wokutanga. Kuburikidza pakatanga Kujekerwa pfungwa European mabhuku, ari XVIII remakore pane Munyori wokutanga kuverenga kubudiswa chevarwere Ngano, uye XIX remakore zvave zvinowanzoshandiswa zvetsika mabhuku rengano. Rinonyanya akabudirira munda uyu vari dzinounzwa A. Hoffman, Charles Perrault, G. H. Andersen, uye, chokwadi, hama Grimm - aiziva Classics of Genre.

Kufanana nokunyora mabhuku uye chevarwere dzechembere takatsunga ndechokuti zvose pevairwara motifs inodzokororwa, nguva dzose aripo zvemashiripiti unhu, asi mune mabhuku kukura pebindu, kusarudza vanonyanya kutaurwa iri zvachose akaisa kuti munyori kuda. Uyewo yechipiri yezana XIX remakore mabhuku rungano zvinovawo pedyo chaizvo nyaya pfupi uye kunyange enganonyorwa. Muenzaniso mukuru inogona chigadzirwa nevanyori Russian: A. L.Tolstoy uye Pogorelsky uye European: S. Lagerlef, Wilde uye L. Carroll.

Total. zvavo tsika

Achienzanisa zviri zvavo uye mabhuku rungano, achizoripa ngwariro chaiyo achabatira netsika yemunyori ngano, kubatanidza pamwe achabatira:

• Writers vanoshandisa mumabasa avo Aisanganisira ngano vavariro (yetsika uye tsika muedzo - ndiedze protagonist, kuvapo mhuka-vabatsiri, kunoshamisa kwakabva vacho, kuvenga kwake mainini mwanasikana wokurera, etc ...).
• Maererano anoremekedzwa National folklorist V. Ya. Proppa, vanyori vanoshandisa chetsika, nomuzikamwi kubva pauduku mifananidzo musimboti kutaurwa vanoita zvimwe kushanda (antagonist, protagonist, mubatsiri ari protagonist, nomupi kuti chipembenene-Tsoko zvakabiwa chinhu lzhegeroy).
• Mumashoko aro zvisikwa nguva uye nzvimbo nyaya zvakasikwa maererano nemitemo sanyorwa pamusoro upenyu hwaAbhigairi zvavo kwenyika nzvimbo - naka, dzimwe nguva nokusingaperi: Kure Kure Away umambo, shabby dugout chitsuwa Buyan , etc ...
• Kushandisa nhetembo kutaura intakes: katatu nokudzokorora, kugara adjectives, kutukana payakavakirwa dzaishandisa, zvirevo, idioms.

ngwariro akadaro achabatira nekwakabva anobvumira kuti kuona kukumbira vanyori, nyaya uye specificity nokunyora mabhuku rungano.

misiyano

Kuti tinzwisise musiyano pakati pevairwara ngano kubva chaiko, vanofanira kuteerera mavambo chimiro uye kugutsikana, anoti:

• In yemunyori ngano zvakawanda raidudzwa kwakajeka, t. E. In zvakadzama, zvakadzama, uye zvakakoshesa, rina mavara mavara akarondedzera chitarisiko, vatambi, manzwiro, zviito uye zviitiko nzvimbo.
• Ari mabhuku rungano pane zvepfungwa, zvakawanda zvakadzama uye hwakadzama kudzidza nyika manzwiro uye nemanzwiro evanhu yomukati.
• Characters Copyright ngano hadzina generalized chiso features, vane yakasiyana mumwe mutambi husina. Somuenzaniso, vanyori vakadai Ershov, Pushkin, Odoyevski, kuteerera mupfungwa vavariro yezviito nezviito magamba.
• Kufanana chero basa mabhuku, nengano vanyori dzinoratidzwa raidudzwa yakatsiga munyori wacho nzvimbo, iyo anosarudza ayo inzwi mupfungwa. Somuenzaniso: "The zvakaedza chevaux Saltan ..." - yakachena, inopenya, vanokudzwa; "The zvakaedza Vakafa Princess uye Knights Seven" - ichiyevedza, kunyorova, kuchemedza "The zvakaedza Mupristi uye Workman Rake Balda" - balagurnaya, vachinyomba; "The zvakaedza ari Wehove uye reHove" - chibhende, asi zvinosuruvarisa.

Chii chakasiyana mabhuku folktale asi? Chokwadi chokuti munyori basa anobvumira muverengi kunzwisisa chiso munyori, nyika yake yomudzimu, kuchiva uye tsika. Ichi chinhu chinokosha musiyano acho ngano, sezvamakaropafadzwa nevatambi kwemarudzi vakaratidza, uye yakananga ndiani narrator zvapera.

Chinonyanya kukosha zvinhu

Saka, chii akasiyana mabhuku rungano? Yokupedzisira ndiro munyori basa, kusiyana wokutanga, waiva mugumisiro seboka basa sechinhu Sub-Genre yacho yakakura. Mabhuku nengano - iri kuzivikanwa sezvo isingachinji Genre kuti ingano, uye mukurumbira - zviri pamusoro pevairwara Genre, hunhu kuri nomumukanwa retelling chinokosha.

Favorite mabhuku Genre vana

Mabhuku rengano tiri kumwe airemekedzwa mabhuku Genres vana. Kunyange chikoro chirongwa kuverenga rine mabasa nokuda pisateleyA akadaro. S. Pushkina, VF Odoevskogo PP Ershov, VA Zhukovsky, izvo zvinosanganisirwa yendarama pavane Russian uye nyika mabhuku vana. kuverenga kwavo zvinobatsira kuti kunokurumidza inotungamirwa yetsika uye aesthetic mifananidzo vana vakure mabhuku horizons dzavo uye zvakafanana mutsika. Asi Chikurukuru, mabasa awa inobatsira kuti pave kwaniso dzekugadzira zvinhu; fungidziro uye unconventional kufunga vaverengi vaduku.