Chii Mashoko vane nowakachenjera -ing. End of mutauro Chirungu: mitemo uye mienzaniso kushandiswa

Kune nyaya dzakawanda umo uchida kutendeutsa shoko nokuwedzera pakupera -ing. Cum muna Chirungu anotakura hapana zvinoreva zvakadai zvakasimba sezvo muna Russian. Sezvo mutauro Chirungu rinoreva Analytical, zvivakamutauro ukama varehwa zvakasiyana dzichipfekeka mashoko, mukusiyana kuna Russian, raiva muchikwata che chakaita zvokugadzirwa mitauro. In yokupedzisira zvivakamutauro mabasa chichiwedzera varehwa siyana morphemes: prefixes, harinzwi suffixes.

Rakajairika "ingovoe" nekuguma rinoshandiswa kushandisa asiri munhu kutukana siyana (gerund, ezviri, kuitika chokuti) uye paumbwe refu nguva. Zvisinei, verbs pamwe kupera -ing mu Chirungu - kwete chete nyaya imwe risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi akadaro. Panewo kutukana emazita uye adjectives nokuguma.

Group nguva Perfect chichingoitwa uye runoramba

In paumbwe refu nguva yokushandisa mashoko ebetsero rechiito kuti pamwe chete PARTICIPLE rechiito kuti abudise musimboti zvinotaura. Chimiro sakaramendi iri iyi - mune chipo nerongo.

• Ndiri ichidiridza camomiles mubindu rangu. - I mvura daisies mubindu rangu (Present Contiuous).
• Ndakanga ichidiridza camomiles kwemaminitsi makumi maviri apo pakarepo kwakatanga kunaya. - I akamwisa chamomil maminitsi 20, apo pakarepo kwakatanga kunaya (Kare Perfect Today).

kushandisa rechiito kupera -ing pachiimbwa kuitika chokuti: Mienzaniso

Kuitika chokuti - rekuremekedza rechiito chinoratidza chete kubata kwacho. Panguva iyoyo munhu, nhamba, uye dhipoziti kusingajekeswi. Akashandurirwa Russian kuitika chokuti muchimiro (kureva, rechiito, kupindura mubvunzo: "Ndinofanira kuitei?"). Kuumba mashoko kuitika chokuti iri Chirungu nokuwedzera kuti PARTICIPLE pamberi rechiito.

Pane here chinonzi chichingoitwa kuitika chokuti. In mutauro wokuRussia hapana zvakafanana fomu ichi. Ashandurwa kunyanya finite rechiito. Chakaumbwa ane kuitika chokuti rechiito kuva + kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro rechiito vachipedzisira -ing. (Kugumisa mumutauro Chirungu iri akawedzera maererano nemirau dziri muchikamu hunokosha ino).

• Akafara chaizvo kuti kuridza chikuru piyano. - Akafara zvokuti kutamba pamusoro piyano.
• Mvura yedu tii sokuti kuti kufashaira. - The mvura yedu tii, zvinoita sokuti, mamota.
• Vanozvidemba kuti vave kuuya saka kunonoka. - Ivo vanozvidemba kuti kunonoka.

Present Patriciple

Kukumbana - mumwe rechiito rekuremekedza siyana mu Chirungu. Analogues kuti pfungwa iyi mumutauro wokuRussia ndiye PARTICIPLE gerund. The zvakataurwa ezviri kazhinji anoita mashandiro ezvinhu.

• The kutaura musikana hanzvadzi shamwari yangu . - The musikana, uyo zvino kutaura (kutaura musikana) - hanzvadzi shamwari yangu.
• Anofanira kukuteerera. - Zvichida, ikakuteerera.
• Zvaakanga akashanyira hanzvadzi yangu, ndakaenda kumba . - I kushanyira hanzvadzi yangu, ndakaenda kumba.
• Kumira pedyo nyanza, aiyemura ari nzvimbo yakanaka. - Standing parutivi rwegungwa, aiyemura ari yevedza maonero.

Kushandiswa gerund

Gerund (The Gerund) - mumwe rechiito safadza siyana. Chine zvinoitwa pazita uye rechiito. Gerund, kufanana pazita anogona kuita zvose pasi uye yedzimwe nhengo mutongo: Firefox, kuti aizviti chikamu Predicate.

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka mashoko vanoda shure kushandisa gerund. Verbs uchiteverwa fanira ari gerund:

• bvuma - bvuma;
  Iye akabvuma kuva vasina kutendeka. - Iye akabvuma kuti akanga kutendeseka.
• zvivi - mhosva;
  Ivo akamupomera kubiridzira. - Ivo akamupomera kuti iye chandakukanganisira.
• kuva kwazvo - rudo;
  mai vangu vaida knitting. - Amai vangu anoda kuruka.
• kudada - yavanozvikudza;
  Akanga vaidada nokuva mudzidzi yakanakisisa. - Akanga vaidada kuti ndiye mudzidzi yakanakisisa.
• kufarira - mubereko;
  Ndiri kuda kuva pano. - Ndiri kuda kuva pano.
• riitwe - kuti basa;
  Akanga avimbiswa mukubika. - Akanga akabatikana kubika chisvusvuro.
• kupedza - kupedzisa;
  Achapedzisa dzidziso nokukurumidza. - Nokukurumidza varege kudzidzisa.
• pfungwa - pfungwa;
  Handisi nokumirira ikoko. - handisi nokumirira ikoko.
• Tsika - tsika, tsika;
  I dzidzira kuridza piyano rimwe zuva. - Zuva zvandinoita muna kuridza piyano.
• tsigira - mazano;
  Ivo yakarumbidza titenge ruvara rokwe. - Ivo varumbidzwa kutenga ruvara rokwe.
• Recall - rangarira;
  Ndinoyeuka kushanyira nzvimbo huru - paradhiso yePacific. - Ndinorangarira kushanyira yakanaka nzvimbo - paradhiso iri nePacific Ocean.

Zvimwe zviitiko "mugumo ingovogo"

Ing-kupera mumutauro Chirungu chinowanikwa kwete verbs, ipapo adjectives zvakare:

• Kuguma bhuku iroro zvakatishamisa. - The nokuguma bhuku rakanga zvisingatarisirwi.
• Firimu raiva dzinonakidza. - The firimu raiva dzinonakidza.

Rules achiwedzera magumo

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka mitemo kuti zvinoda kufungwa nokuwedzera -ing-vachipedzisira Chirungu.

Mitemo achiwedzera "ingovogo" kuvhara:

• wokupedzisira tsamba monosyllable Paarismängud:
  gara - agere kumisa - kumbomira;
• Kunyararira nzvanyira -e pakupera mashoko kubviswa uye kutsiviwa nokuguma -ing:
  changed - change, kuita - zvichiita;
• -ie mubatanidzwa mavhawero pakupedzisira kuchatsiviwa -y, ipapo anongoti awedzera kupera:
  chisungo - dzokubatanidza, nhema - nhema;
• dzimwe nguva -ing inowedzerwa pasina inokosha shoko transformations:
  kutanga - kutanga, verenga - kuverenga, kutamba - nokutamba.

To nani ishe nyaya, zvinokosha kupedzera nguva kushandisa uye kukudziridza pfungwa, iyo mamiriro kuchasanganisira mashoko vachipedzisira twa. "Kuguma mutauro Chirungu" - musoro iri nyore.