Chii Epiderme e? The nemamiriro Epiderme e

Rokunze muviri pabutiro ane kumbonyanya kunzwisisa chivakwa. The ganda ane nhengo kuti ine mbiri akaturikidzana. It anoita dzinokosha mashandiro: exchange, kupisa zvakanaka, Kanotokonya, rokudzivirira. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika zvakataurwa Epiderme e, asi vanokanganwa kuti chezvinonhuwira ganda rechipiri - the dermis.

Nemamiriro rokunze pabutiro muviri

Skin ine mbiri akaturikidzana - the Epiderme e dermis. Rokumusoro epithelial rukoko anosiiwa rezasi Wavy gogonera. Chitarisiko Its kunokonzerwa nokuvapo pamusoro pemvura ganda dzinokosha outgrowths - papillae. The chapamusoro ndiro yayo sandara-keratinized stratified epithelium. Rine hapana midziyo ropa, uye simba riri akapa kwachiri kubva dermis chete.

Wakabata pamwechete chokwadi kuti Epiderme e zvakadaro, uzive kwaakanga ari, vakawanda vari kutanga kufarira kwaro chivako. Inoitwa masero, zvakasiyana chimiro uye mamiriro. Vanoratidza mumwe danho hwavo. Ukobvu of Epiderme e, zvichienderana ayo nzvimbo inogona kubva 0,07 mm kusvika 1,4 mm. Panonyanyisa rukoko iri inotsika tsoka, nezvanza zvamaoko ake. A chaizvo dzakaonda ganda (aro okumusoro rukoko) riri pubic nzvimbo, pamusoro emberi, nzeve uye dumbu.

Sechivako yokumusoro pechifukidziro keratinized

The Epiderme e ine shanu munhu akaturikidzana. chinoumba Its chikuru inonzi keratinocyte. Asi nemamiriro Epiderme e zvikuru kwakatooma kupfuura zvingaita sokuti pakutanga kuaona. Nyanzvi ziva akaturikidzana dzakadaro:

• basal (germinative);
• chipingamupinyi;
• granular;
• penya;
• horny.

Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoita yakananga nerevane ane yayo marongerwo.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ganda masero vari kugara mamiriro yokuvandudzwa. The akaturikidzana kuedzwa kubereka pezvakaitwa, kukurukurwa, keratinization uye desquamation. Zvichienderana Kunyanya nzvimbo muviri wakakwana epidermal update Izvi zvingatora mazuva 20 kusvika 30.

stratum corneum

Yokumusoro Chikamu Epiderme e rinoumbwa masero kuti vari zvakakwana pedyo kuonana nomumwe. Zvinowanikwa iri stratum corneum hurongwa vari epidermal ganda chipingamupinyi - ivo inonzi corneocytes. ganda izvi masero vakafirwa muchitokisi organelles uye vakafufutirwa puroteni.

Nekuda kwaizvozvi izvi horny rukoko zvinoriumba anogona kudzivirira zvokuimba kukuvadzwa, tembiricha zvakasiyana, nokuomesa uye kupinda mabhakitiriya navo pasi tishu. Horny Makwande rakakamurwa mhando mbiri. Vanogona kuva anongoremberera kana gobvu zvinodiwa puroteni fibrils. On chechipiri pamusoro vari kwavari. A pakutanga raiva pedyo granular rukoko. In mamiriro avo, vanogona kuwanikwa dzasara kare raiva sero organelles mairi. Makwande aya anowanzonzi T-masero.

Izvi chapamusoro pamusoro Epiderme e ndiwo cutaneous mechidziro chinosanganisira wandei akaturikidzana kare masero akafa, izvo akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya lipids. Sezvineiwo, izvi zvinhu zviri zvinhu vachengeti mwando paganda.

kupenyerera rukoko

chikamu ichi Epiderme e haina nguva dzose akaratidza. It Anonziwo eleidinovym rukoko. Kana asina kuona, zvino sokunge nhete, chiedza, inopenya uye homogeneous ubvise. Rukoko anonzi chete nokuda chitarisiko chavo. chirungiso wayo makemikari anonzi eleidin. Zviri chigadzirwa-hwaro mamwe keratinization masero. Discover payo kazhinji chete paganda remichindwe uye inotsika. It rine masero kwenyukireya-akasununguka flattened.

granular rukoko

Avo kubata chokwadi kuti izvi Epiderme e, uzive kwaanobva, uye yeuka ukobvu yayo, kunzwisisa kuti chimwe nechimwe yenhengo raro kunyora nezvavo. Saka particulate rukoko anoumbwa masero misara 1-2 chete munzvimbo idzodzo umo nhete Epiderme e. Asi rinogonawo kuva 10 mitsara masero munzvimbo idzodzo umo ganda zvikuru batana. Vane nedhaimani serin'i, elongated, elongated uye zvakasimba waitsimbirira mumwe. Munzvimbo ino rukoko masero vakarasikirwa kugona kwavo kuti vagovere. Munguva cytoplasm kunongova maviri pellets: Lamellar uye eleidin. Vari chiri kuti refu akabatana masero mumwe nedhaimani serin'i kufamba inofambirana grooves kana scallops.

masero spiny

Pasinei nzvimbo nzvimbo ganda, akati rukoko ine mitsara 5-10. Kuwana mairi masero ari muchimiro polygons. Kuchirangarirwa nemaikorosikopu, unogona kuona kwete chete epidermal akaturikidzana ganda, asi kuti uone masero pachavo, rakamanikana kanyika nzvimbo pakati pavo uye kwounyengeri pezvakaitwa kuti vayambuke nayo. Pamusana kuvapo kwavo rukoko ainzi chipingamupinyi.

Keratinocytes chokuita muchikamu chino epidermal desmosomes. Vane pane kunzwisisa chivakwa: vanoonekwa sezvo ndiro mbiri, uye pakati pavo vari interleaved pakati cathode 4 uye 3-läpinäkyvä Erekitironi-batana rukoko. It desmosomes kutsigira womukati muchitokisi mamiriro, vane simba intercellular rubatso akakura. Ivo kuva nokuwedzera nzvimbo tonofilaments. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Epiderme e munhu hwakarongwa kuitira kuti rokumusoro migove spinous rukoko zvinoderedza uwandu desmosomes.

Sero mamiriro nowenyika zvakamisa hurongwa yacho basal dhipatimendi. Asi panguva imwe chete zvakasiyana. Spiny masero zvakabatana chinokosha nhamba desmosomes pamwe mwanda tonofilaments navo mukobvu.

masero basal

rukoko urwu ndiyo kure kubva ganda pamusoro. Asi rinopa mukana kuti kunyatsonzwisisa zvakataurwa Epiderme e. Ko rokupedzisira rukoko pamusoro basal mundiro, izvo rinokutadzisa kubva mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri. Masero mairi akarongwa mumutsetse chete. Rukoko izvo zvinoumba, anonziwo germinal. Rine Mhando dzakawanda emasero. Kune keratinocytes, melanocytes, lymphocytes, basophils tishu. Inosanganisirawo rukoko Greenstein uye Merkel masero.

Keratinocytes mu rukoko urwu somunhu sepombi kuti vamire vertically. Ivo kusiyanisa mhando mbiri: sandara uye zubchastoy pemvura. Vokutanga vakakamurwa, nokuda kwavo masero shanduko kunoitika. Ekupedzisira anoshumira negadziriro yeparutivi chaitika. Asi vari kutanga kugoverana chero kuvadza ganda.

kunzwisisa uye kunzwisisa nemamiriro nemamiriro Epiderme e anogona, kana uchiziva kuti nemamiriro zvakamisa hurongwa basophilic rukoko siyanei Zvizere. Mukuwedzera uye organelles uye nuclei, izvo vanowanzotevedzera kuti vamwe masero ose, ivo dzakananga maumbirwo - tonofilameny. Panewo chaiyo usanganidzo, inonzi rwe-melanin granules.

Tinofanira zvakare kutaura kuti melanocytes - mumasero anokosha anokwanisa kugadzira rwe-melanin. fuma iyi kunodzivirira kukuvadza kunoita ultraviolet mwaranzi. The basal rukoko iri sezvakarayirwa 10-25% of masero. In nechitarisiko ivo akafanana urchin uye iri pakati keratinocytes. Maererano yaro refu muitiro, ivo vanokwanisa kutakura rwe-melanin mukati masero kubudikidza phagocytosis.

Kuziva zvose ruzivo urwu nemamiriro, zvechadenga chapamusoro ganda, unogona kufungidzira Epiderme e, nenzira inoratidza uye chii chinodiwa.