Chii chinosiyanisa ingano kubva kufungidzira? Huru misiyano

Nhasi, vanyori vakawanda nounyanzvi chokubatanidza mabasa avo akasiyana Genres mabhuku, rinozvibereka chiedza pamusoro ounyanzvi itsva. Munguva ichangopfuura, mukurumbira chaizvo pakati vaverengi vanonakidzwa mabhuku pamusoro vemungano nyika, saka kwaidiwa kuwana tsananguro yakajeka musiyano pakati ingano kubva zvisingaitiki. Kunyange izvi Genres maviri uye zvakafanana mumwe, asi pane zvimwe zvinokosha chaizvo kusiyana.

In ingano kumboda zvose ichionekwa esayenzi maonero, izvozvo zvinoitika munyika, inova rakasiyana wepanguva zvenhoroondo, panyama kana kwesayenzi chokwadi. Mumabasa akadai anoshandiswa muchina kana midziyo panguva yokunyorwa ino, hazvisati aripo. Chii chinosiyanisa ingano kubva kufungidzira? Chokwadi chokuti vanyori pfungwa yenguva yemberi zvinoratidzwa mune michina mberi.

Panguva iyoyo, Zhyul Vern akarondedzera zvakadzama mukuru yepasi pemvura, kunyange panguva iyoyo hapana akafunga nezvomukana kushambira mumvura. Robert Haynlayn, Ayzek Azimov akaramba zvakanyorwa pamusoro chakagadzirwa akachenjera, Alexander Belyaev akatuma magamba avo Earth muchadenga yemapurisa refu risati aronga kushandisa satellites yokukurukura. Uye mienzaniso yakadaro zviwande, pamwe kuti nafantazirovali ano vanyori, uye chii sokuti kuva zvatinosiita nhema pashure vaviri emakore vachatorwa sechisingakoshi.

Chii chinosiyanisa ingano kubva zvokufungidzira asi, saka zviri kanganisika mu Pakuurayiwa wefizikisi zvivako zvenyika. We kutora nguva kuti zvinofamba nenhungamiro imwe chete, asi vanyori vakafunga kuti rinogona kufamba mudenderedzwa, vachidzokorora kakawanda chiitiko chete, kana kudzokera kare. Iyi haisi nhema wakakwana, nokuti anomalies siyana anowanikwa munyika yedu. Uye chokwadi kuti zvakanaka mupfungwa vanhu haisati kuwanikwa tsanangudzo kuti hazvirevi kuti ichi haangagoni kuva. Chii chinosiyanisa ingano kubva zvokufungidzira, saka ndechokuti chigadzirwa musiki ari kuedza kuwedzera kukura kwebasa akagamuchira maonero enyika, pfungwa yetsvakurudzo. Kazhinji mumabhuku akadai anogona kuverenga pamusoro omuchadenga, panguva zviri unsubstantiated, asi isu hatigoni kuzviramba.

The kufungidzira rakasiyana ingano, saka zviri pamberi zvemashiripiti, zvekufungidzira nyika nemadzinza. Mumabasa aya, magamba kugadzirisa dambudziko vachishandisa kujairika simba, mashiripiti wands, muchivande ruzivo, unyanzvi mashiripiti, siyana zvinoratidza. Pakati marudzi vanonzi rakajairika elves, nezvikwambo, orcs, dwarves, nezvikwambo, hobbits. Pakati Vanyori akararama zvokufungidzira Genre inomira kunze Dzhoan Rouling, rayo nyika yakakurumbira enganonyorwa pamusoro Harry Potter, Dzhona Tolkina trilogy "The Ishe Rings", uye vamwe.

Mabasa Genre ichi inogona kunzi varaidzo, nokuti akatsanangura zviitiko kumboitika chaizvoizvo. The chiito kunowanzoitwa munyika vemungano nyika, pane imwe puraneti, munyori hariratidzi chaiyo nzvimbo yacho mashiripiti wenyika yacho kana zvikasazikamwa maziso vanhuwo zvavo, sezvo zvinoitika enganonyorwa pakati JK Rowling. ingano uye kufungidzira raibhurari iri kuziva muunganidzwa wemabhuku. Vanyori vakawanda sangana Genres izvi zviviri, nokusika mabasa zvinonakidza akafanira kuverenga.