Chii chinokonzera fuma of Moscow weutungamiriri? Nhoroondo uye chirongwa pakukwirira Moscow weutungamiriri

Kusvikira gore 1263 pamepu iri feudal ichiparara Rus hapana Moscow kwavabati haana. nhaka iyi duku akasiya kufa ari nhaka kumwanakomana wake wemakore maviri Daniilu Veliky Alexander Nevsky. Zvikonzero kusimbisa of Moscow weutungamiriri, yaiva pakutanga diki, seasingakoshi, tichaita kufukidza munyaya ino.

kutanga

In ichi ingaderedza Middle Ages, kana nyika iri kutambura pasi pejoko Horde, musimboti woupenyu enyika inova Vladimir-Suzdal uye Novgorod Rus. Pakati, ari nyore nzvimbo nhema hugota of Moscow, uyo wakatanga kushanda muchinda ane makore 14 okuberekwa. Jaya kudisa achitarisa vavakidzani 'kukakavara uye asingauyi kuvhiringidza navo. It inobhadhara mutero upenyu chinyararire uye murunyararo. Saka, muna Grand Duchy of Moscow zvishoma nezvishoma kudhonzwa kugara kunzvimbo nengozi. People uye rugare - ndivo zvikonzero kusimbisa of Moscow weutungamiriri wokutanga. It zvikuru kuzviita akatanga kuva upenyu kweupfumi. Prince chete panoperera ake basa akasarudza kuisa guta idzva mbiri munyika dzavo. Kolomna chaidiwa nekuti paivapo nzvimbo inokosha apo Oka zvakapinda Moskva River. A Pereslavl-Zaleski akazarura nzira yokuti guta guru Vladimir.

XIV remakore

Yaiva nguva kutamburira pakagadzwa uye nokusimbaradza of Moscow nyika. Prince Yury of Moscow, pasi Mozhaisk, akawana kudzora yose weboka Moscow River. Chaiva chiitiko chinokosha kwazvo vagari: akazarura idzva nevezvokutengeserana. Asi panguva imwecheteyo rwunotanga kundorwa nomuchinda Tver ushe guru Vladimir. Panguva ino akabatana Vladimir nyika. nzvimbo yavo kukuru, uye vanhu vose kubhadhara mitero. Kurwira ushe Vladimir chakanga chakaipisisa: Prince George mukauraya Muvambi Tver, Dmitry.

Kushandurwa weutungamiriri pakati upenyu enyika

Case akaramba mukoma Prince Ivan Danilovich, vane anoziva zvose Ivana Kalitu. Waiva mutongi kure anoona zvakanaka uye akachenjera, uyo akabatana neminda yavo Novgorod, Kostroma, Moscow, Torzhok. Prince Ivan akatamira weKomiti Metropolitan, musoro Russian Church, kubva Vladimir kuMoscow, Arkhangelsk akavaka zvikuru kubvuma Cathedral iri Kremlin. Rokunyika uye pakunamata simba pfungwa panzvimbo imwe - ichi ndicho chikonzero awane Moscow hugota iri pakati XIV remakore.

Unyanzvi machinda Russian

Acts Prince zvakaramba navanakomana vake. Nounyanzvi akapesanisa nedzenyu ukama Horde, ivo nechokwadi rugare upenyu yose vakawanda, usina pasi vachirwisa. Chii chinokonzera fuma of Moscow weutungamiriri akamutungamirira richikura uye upfumi? Akachenjera mutemo machinda ake ikava enyika, tsika uye zvechitendero upenyu North-East.

kusawirirana dzakaitika

Historians anowanzonzi 4 zvinokonzera amplification of Moscow weutungamiriri. Muchidimbu vanogona muchidimbu sezvinotevera:

1. Kwavabati akamira moyo Russian nyika. Ichi yakanaka nenzvimbo yepamusoro akabvumira zvishoma pasi kurwisa vavakidzani vakanga zvehondo vokuGermany, Lithuanians, Tatars uye yeSweden. Saka, nzvimbo yake kwazvo anopa vagari nokuchengeteka yave kukwezvwa vakawanda vapoteri dzinosimbiswa zvechiuto uye simba mune zvoupfumi.
2. The kwavabati rava yokuchinja dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana. Pano aiva mugwagwa kubva kumaodzanyemba-rwamavirazuva Kiev uye Chernigov, Rostov uye Yaroslavl. The gang achitevedza Moscow rwizi Oka akabvumira kuenda uye kubva kuna Volga uye vasvike Nizhny Novgorod. Vashambadzi Pfuurai nzira idzi, vaibhadhara mitero, huchiita Muscovy.
3. Nedzenyu runoita zvakatungamirira kuti kubatana chechi uye masimba. Nokuda yakawedzera simba iri nemagariro kurema weutungamiriri.
4. Uye rekupedzisira. Peace-rudo, chenjerera uye kuramba basa wamachinda. Vakanga musatukana pachavo, uye torega yakananga apesane Lithuania uye Horde, ichipa upenyu hune rugare uye kuwana danho nedanho zvinangwa.

Kungofanana kuonekwa nguva yedu, zvikonzero kusimbisa of Moscow weutungamiriri.