CPU maitikiro: wachi, kufadza

Vatokura rudzi rose vanoshandisa kombiyuta vasina kuwana akakurumbira "nhangemutange megahertz" kuti zvinopindura pakati maviri vaitungamirira Vagadziri CPUs kuti pakombiyuta makombiyuta (vasingazivi - Intel uye AMD) pakupera kwezana chemakore. kuguma pavaiuya 2004, pazvakava pachena kuti kakawanda kuti processor - hazvisi chete tsika kunokanganisa mashandiro ayo. Zvikuru "nzara" uye zvikuru yakakwirira Frequency Pentium IV processors musi Prescott chinoumba anouya pedyo 4 GHz chaizvo, uye saka zvakaoma kukwikwidzana K8 mavakirwo pamusoro izvo zvitsva "anokosha" kubva AMD, aiva kakawanda kwete kupfuura 2,6-2 dzakavakwa, 8 GHz.

Zvadaro, zvose mugadziri synchronously vakabviswa tsika yokuzikanwa chezvinhu nokuda uchishandisa kakawanda uye kuitwa chinhu womuenzaniso indekisi chaihwoihwo. Chisarudzo ichi akaruramiswa kusada kusuma magumo-User kuvhiringidzika pamusoro processor waivako, kungotarira chete mumwe zvachiri. Zvechokwadi, pane chokwadi zvakare kakawanda pakati processor bhazi, uye cache kukura, uye neurongwa hwakashandiswa chinoumba yakaitwa, uye saka zvakawanda. Asi kakawanda pakati processor ichiri chimwe chezvinhu yakajeka uye nzwisisa kuti vanhu vakawanda akayera "unhu" CPU.

Wachi kumhanya ari processor Chokwadi, kuchinja mabasa ake, richitsanangura nhamba remapazi anoitwa pa wechipiri. Asi chokwadi chokuti processors, yakavakirwa cores siyana, vanopedza kuita zvakafanana kuvhiyiwa yakasiyana nenhamba zvinogara, uye kubva kumarudzi namarudzi, parameter ichi zvingasiyana yekudyidzana. Zviri kuburikidza ichi processor razvino ane aizviti kakawanda 2,0 GHz siya kure shure mutungamiri makore manomwe apfuura ane wachi kakawanda 3,8 GHz. Mukuwedzera, processor kumhanya, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kunokanganisa kukura cache (dzakanga ndiko, kashoma kazhinji CPU achafanira kutendeukira kune hwakanyatsorwisa anonoke ndangariro), uye kakawanda pakati processor bhazi (dzakanga ndiko, kuti nokukurumidza humboo kutapurirana pakati "dombo" uye RAM), uye vazhinji nevamwe, zvishoma vanooneka, asi havasi kudukupiswa, unhu.

Recently aisimbisa kutanga kupinda chinhu dzakadai kunonyanyisa kakawanda pakati processor.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, Intel, AMD nekuita mu zvigadzirwa zvavo kuti kushanda sezvo avtorazgon. The zvemichina iri chaizvoizvo rimwechetero mugadziri anodana Turbo wedzera, mumwe - Turbo Core, asi kuti ayo chaizvo ndewokuti: processor wachi nokukurumidza inogona dynamically achinja, uye choga, pasina mushandisi kupindira. Kudikanwa kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakadaro nokuti kuti multi-Musimboti processors nhasi atova Chokwadi, ndozvakajairwa, asi ano multi-Threaded mafomu, zvinosuruvarisa havasi. The uchishandisa maitiro, achiona kuti rimwe processor cores vakaremerwa zvikuru nesimba kupfuura dzimwe, vakazvimiririra anowedzera kakawanda musimboti, panguva iyoyowo kuedza kuchengeta processor mukati kwayo "chizvarwa" teplopaketa (kureva, kuti hurongwa anoedza ruzhowa pamusoro midziyo overheating). Uyezve, zvichienderana processor womuenzaniso uye yakananga ezvinhu, maitikiro akadaro anogona kugadziridzwa kuwedzera kubva 100 kusvika 600-700 MHz, uye ichi ndicho zvinobvumirana, kuwedzera mukuita kwavo. Michina iyi anotsigirwa akawanda matsva processors kubva vagadziri. Intel ane izvozvo, zvikurukuru, zvose CPU lineup Core I5 uye Core I7, kubva AMD - zvose processors pamusoro panosangana AM3 +, processors FM1 panosangana (kunze processors pamwe vakaremara Graphics chinoumba), uyewo vamwe "matombo" kusvika AM3 kuchikuva (nhanhatu-Musimboti Tuban uye Quad Zosma). Uyezve, nokuti Intel processors, inobva connector Chigadziko 1155, avtorazgon kwakadaro kunyanya kushanda kana tinofunga kuti nokuda zvimwe mapurani zvinhu zvizere "kumhanyisa" nokuwedzera kuti processor bhazi kakawanda kutonetsa. Zvisinei, nhamba iyi ndeimwewo nyaya ...