Chakarebesa njanji munyika. Kubva China kuna Madrid

The njanji nokuti railroads yokutanga dzakavakwa anenge maviri emakore akapfuura. Nhasi rwendo kunyange nakisa ano mukuru-nokukurumidza chitima - kwete uchitsanya nzira kuenda vakapoteredza nyika, asi rinoramba chimwe chezvinhu nyore uye rakachengeteka. A njanji mitoro vachashuva kuva huru mhando wezvokutengeserana pakati munyika uye kumatunhu. Dzakabudirira samambure w / E nzira, kusanganisira wakarebesa njanji munyika, izvo kare zvakurukurwa Trans-Siberian Railway - a chinodiwa upi mberi mune zvoupfumi dzakabudirira nharaunda uye upfumi hwenyika yose.

nhoroondo mashoko

Pashure pfupi chaizvo nguva pashure kuEngland muna 1825 akazarurirwa motokari pazuva rokutanga njanji paruzhinji zvava pachena kuti iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa kutakura zvinhu uye vanhu. Railways zvenyika vakatanga entangle kure negungwa njanji web. Uwandu Makwara akateya rakanga zvakajeka zvinoratidza pachiyero zvoupfumi munyika uye kwadzo, kusanganisira muchiuto.

Russian Empire zvizere zvaidiwa National hunhu titular rudzi refu mahanisi uye waisitora refu mitoro mabhiza. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga njanji kubatana pakati guru St. Petersburg uye Pavlovsk dacha hwagadzwa muna 1837, kushanda njanji mu Russia kare kwakajairika nokuda kwavo asipo.

National Feat

Chaizvo wokuRussia nzvimbo zvokutaurira kudiwa kuti nokukurumidza kukura pengarava samambure - zvaiva pachena shure reactionaries yamambo hurumende. Muna May 1891 mugari wenhaka pachigaro, yemberi wokupedzisira wacho, Nicholas II pachake ndokudururira ari bhara nyika mujinga kuchiteshi mutsetse pedyo Vladivostok. Uye kuvakwa chikamu rokumabvazuva of Trans-Siberian. Kuti muna 1904, yokutanga chitima chakanga kubva pamhenderekedzo yeAtlantic kuna Vladivostok, zvakatora rakawanda mari uye masimba evanhu.

Distance kubva Europe kusvikira Russian Far East ari zvokuti pashure pokupedza kuvakwa kuRussia vaizongoguma akashandura wakarebesa njanji munyika. Kuvakwa Great Siberian nzira, chii raiva zita penzira wokutanga, vakawanda kudanwa (kunyanya panguva mhemberero pachiitiko sangano hwomukova) vadyi kuroorwa Feat vanhu Russian, vakabatana kuti vabudirire mugumisiro uye vatungamirire injiniya, uye nyore-navvy. Kubvisa zvisingakoshi pathos, anogona kuwanikwa kufarirwa yakawanda chokwadi.

Trans-Siberian Railway

Pamutemo Transsib rakapera apo chikamu njanji yakavakwa kubva kuChelyabinsk kuna Vladivostok, asi vavakezve yakatora kwenguva refu kwazvo nguva. MuMagwaro hwendefa iri Yaroslavl kuchiteshi muMoscow kureba Trans-Siberian Railway - 9298? Km. Muna 2012, mutariri zvizere magetsi ari Trans-Siberian Railway, uye nhasi chitima kubva kuMoscow Vladivostok mazuva 6 chete uye maawa 13.

Russian zvisikwa haagoni kusiya kunyange zvinhu zvisina upenyu kukurairisai prosaic uye zvoupfumi pfungwa. Long rwendo nokuda njanji Russian - haisi kufamba muchadenga, izvozvo chinokushamisa munhu, achipa pave kunzwa kwakadzama. Munyika rakareba kupfuura njanji - the Trans-Siberian Railway - the heroine dzakawanda nhetembo uye prose magwaro akasiyana Genres izvozvo vanonyora nziyo uye kuti mafirimu.

The Great Silk Road

China vagara mutungamiri zvoupfumi kukura. Turnover, zvoupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika, magariro, uye voruzhinji ukama munezvimwe China pamwe Russia uye Europe vanofanira kumisa yakakwirira kukwanisa kutaurirana nzira. Railways zvenyika uye Europe dziri kuva chikamu chinokosha izvi.

Historical tsika dziri kukurukura vanamuzvinabhizimisi dzakawanda dzemazuva ano uye vezvematongerwo enyika vari kuonekwa sezvo tichigadzira pahwaro ano Silk Road, kubvira kare. The karavhani yenzira unobatanidza East uye Europe kwechinguva aiva kuchinyanya mukuru zvinoratidzwa akasiyana kufambiswa European Orientalism mapfekero, akanaka uye vakashandisa unyanzvi. Chinoiserie - Chinese rococo, rava kusarudza kuti mararamiro achitungamirira ezvivako Europe uye decorators pakupera kwezana XVII uye XVIII emakore - zvikuru Mugumisiro umhare nesimba yavashambadziri, anotungamirira vapfumi mapoka kubva China.

nzvimbo inokosha hwenyika

In upfumi yanhasi, China kuti chikamu chokufambisa zvinokosha. Kudiwa kubatanidza kure nzvimbo munyika pamwe muindasitiri uye zvoupfumi pakati, muprista kudiwa Interstate chokufambisa akaita China mutungamiri pengarava indasitiri. Kureba njanji, izvo kufambisa chitima nounyanzvi, anogara kukura.

Muna 2012 zvakanzi akazarurirwa motokari iri itsva njanji mutsetse kubva Beijing kuna Guangzhou. Chinese guru guru kupfuura iri kumaodzanyemba kwenyika rakasungirwa wakarebesa bazi uye nokukurumidza munyika. Pairi ari kumhanya anenge 300 km / h kuchaita nakisa kugadzikana uye hwakavimbika Formulations kuti kwakaderedza katatu nguva yakawandisa mugwagwa uyu. railroads Major munyika iri kuitika iyi nzira okukura.

Madrid - Yiwu

Nhasi, kuitira kuti anunure nhumbi kubva China kuEurope, hatidi mwedzi yakawanda okufamba ngozi ngamera uye mabhiza pamusoro kuenzana mudungwe munzira. Asi iwe unofanira mari mari chakakomba. Chido kuti nzira iyi rokutsanya, yemakwikwi uye hwakavimbika Chinese vakatara nguva refu, dzichikoka kuti pamwe uye nyanzvi Russian.

Panopera 2014, China kwazvo mabasa, uye muMadrid mazuva 21 akasangana chitima, vakakunda nzira kubva Chinese muguta Yiwu, iri nePacific egungwa. Kubva mashandiro ndiyo wakarebesa njanji kureba vanenge 13.000? Km munyika. Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ake ezvinhu haabvumiri kuti asimbise hwomutambarakede kufambira mutakurwi zvitima, uye chitima ndima kunonyanya novimba ekunze uye zvimwe omunharaunda zvinhu, tinogona kutaura kuti kukura munyika chokufambisa Network wakapinda idzva, anoyevedza dariro okukura.