Black Hundred Party of pakutanga XX remakore: purogiramu vatungamiri,

Black Mazana vaidanwa nhengo Russian masangano dzokutsigira nyika pamusoro 1905-17, uyo wakaitwa nzvimbo monarchism, Anti-Semitism uye guru-simba chauvinism. Masangano aya aishandiswa vapanduki anotyisa. Black Hundred Party mu Russia mukutanga remakore rechi20 akatora chikamu mune dispersal kwemienzaniso, misangano. The sangano inotsigira hurumende, pavaiita pogroms.

Kuti tinzwisise Bato ichi pakutanga tingaona zviri zvakaoma. The nemamiriro Black-Hundred mapato yaisanganisira vamiririri nemasangano kuti hakusi akaita pamwe chete. Zvisinei, kana iwe pfungwa inokosha, uchaona kuti Black Mazana vakanga vakawanda pfungwa uye mirayiridzo okukura. Muchidimbu kupa huru Russian Black Hundred Party uye vatungamiri vavo.

Masangano Key uye vatungamiri

"Ungano Russian", akasikwa 1900, anogona kunzi wokutanga yedu nyika monarchist sangano. Hatidi kufungawo nowakautangira kwayo, "Mauto Russian" (sangano iri pasi pevhu hazvina kugara kwenguva refu). Zvisinei, chikuru simba racho raiva Black Mazana "Union Vanhu Russian", iro rakamuka 1905

Rakanga inotungamirwa Dubrovin. Purishkevich muna 1908, airwisana naye uye akasiya NRC. Akasika sangano rake "Union Mihaila Arhangela." The NRC paradzanisa yechipiri kwakaitika muna 1912. Pavanotaurirana panguva ino akasimuka pakati Markov uye Dubrovin. zvino Union asara Dubrovin. Akaumba kodzero-bapiro Dubrovinsky "Union vanhu Russian." Yakatsviriridza, saka taienda 3 mutungamiriri monarchists: Markov (NRC), Purishkevich (CMA) uye Dubrovin (VDSRN).

Basic Black Hundred Party - iri pamusoro apa. Unogona zvakare cherechedza "Russian Monarchist Union". Zvisinei, vamiririri bato ichi kwave vafundisi Orthodox uye vanokudzwa, saka dziva ichi chaiva chiduku uye haana kumirira kuchikosha kufarira. Uyezve, pashure pechinguva bato paradzanisa. Chikamu sangano akaenda Purishkevich.

Nezvekwakabva shoko "Black Mazana"

Shoko "Mazana Black" rinobva Old Russian shoko "Mazana Black" zvichireva Posadskoe mutero hwevanhu delivsheesya pamusoro vezvikwata nemauto-administrative (mazana). Vamiririri sangano inotifadza vaiva nhengo Russian monarchist, pravohristianskih uye Anti-oukuru masangano. "Black Zana" - izwi yava kushandiswa zvikuru kureva kurudyi-bapiro Anti-Semites uye enyika. Vamiririri racho akaisa mberi muchipikisana zvegutsaruzhinji misimboti, nheyo haizovi, mhedziso simba. Vaidavira kuti Russia ine 3 muvengi, izvo zvinofanira combated. dissident ichi, njere uye inorodets.

Black Mazana uye trezvennichestvo

Part of Black Hundred Party yakabuda akakurumbira sangano kurwisa chidhakwa. Masangano aya haana kuramba trezvennichestvo. Zvaionekwa kuti kudyiwa doro zvine mwero - rinogona kutsiva vodka chepfu. Part Masero Black Mazana, kunyange akanga yakaitwa muchimiro kuzvidzora nzanga, kuverengera vanhu, tea kunyange doro.

Black Mazana uye varombo

Black Mazana - bato ane chirongwa chiito haina yakatanga zvakanaka, asi chikumbiro kurova vaJudha, vakadzidza, liberals uye kuipandukira. Naizvozvo, varombo, anenge asina kuuya neZvapupu mumapoka aya akaramba anenge dzisisina nemasangano aya.

Pogroms vakadzidza uye vaJudha

Black Hundred Party akaita vachibhejera zvinhu zvikuru pamusoro incitement dzemadzinza uye nyika ruvengo. Izvi zvakaguma bongozozo kuti akapfuura mhiri Russia. Zvinofanira akati kuti mhirizhonga akatanga pamberi nekutumirwa kwemauto of Black Mazana kufamba. Vakadzidza hakusi kudziviswa nokurohwa wakanga zvainanga "vavengi Russia". Vamiririri Its nyore rikarova uye kunyange kuuraya mumigwagwa, kazhinji pamusoro ndima nevaJudha. Hazvina kuponesa kunyange chokwadi kuti chinenge wevakaronga of Black Mazana kufamba kwaisanganisira kuchinja vakadzidza.

Havasi vose kuponda, zvinopesana noruzhinji, ndicho Black Hundred Party kugadzirira. Mumakore 1905-07, masangano aya vachiri chaizvo diki. Zvisinei, Black Mazana vari kushingaira chaizvo munzvimbo, yaiva yakavhenganiswa nevanhu (Belarus, Ukraine, uye 15 enyika vanonzi "Pale kuti Settlement"). Munzvimbo idzi, pane vaipfuura hafu nhengo dzose "Union of People Russian", uye mamwe masangano akafanana. pogroms chinozunguzirwa pamwe kukura mabasa Black Mazana ikatanga kuserera nokukurumidza. inofananidza zhinji akakurumbira mapato vataura izvi.

Mari masangano, mapepanhau reThe

An chinokosha tsime mari nokuda Black Mazana mibatanidzwa vaiva map hurumende. Mari dzinounzwa kubva Bazi Internal Affairs mari kuongorora mitemo ine masangano aya. Black Hundred Party panguva iyoyo zvakare kutora mumwe mipiro.

Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana, sangano rakabudiswa "Pochaev jira" pepanhau "Russian Standard", "mabhanan'ana", "bhero", "veche". Black Hundred Party pakutanga XX remakore akasimudzira pfungwa dzavo dzakadai mumapepanhau makuru se "Kievlyanin", "Moscow News", "chiedza", "Citizen".

Congress muMoscow

The sangano rakaita guruundano muMoscow muna October 1906. It kusarudzwa mukuru uye kanzuru vakabatana ose Black Mazana, kutanga "United vanhu Russian." Zvisinei, batanidzo dzavo yorega kuitika. Sangano Papera gore havasisipo.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti dzinovaka pfungwa reactionaries (sezvo misoro yakakurukura nhau uye masangano chepurogiramu) vaifanira kuumba kumwe muvanhu. On kudiwa dzeparamende uye mumiririri masangano zvavo vaiva rebei gakava. Black Mazana - bato ane chirongwa chakatsanangurwa chete zvavo nemashoko. Naizvozvo, uyewo nokuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero, masangano aya akanga asina musoro.

Black Hundred Party: Program

Dzidziso "pamutemo rudzi" raiva hwaro zvirongwa masangano aya. Akanga nominated SS Uvarov, gurukota dzidzo, kunyange 1st yezana remakore rechi19. Dzidziso iyi kwaibva payakavakirwa "Orthodoxy, Autocracy, norudzi." Autocracy uye Orthodoxy akapa pakutanga Russian mavambo. The wokupedzisira chinhu pamusoro yemaitiro, "rudzi", kunzwisiswa se kuzvipira vanhu vaviri vokutanga. Black-Hundred kumapati uye masangano vanoomerera risina parinogumira autocracy munyika iri revadzidzi panyaya mudziyo. Kunyange State Duma, yakabuda panguva yaifamba 1905-07. Vaiona Advisory muviri kuna mambo. Tichiita zvinhu munyika vakaona tariro uye hazviiti zvaunoita. Panguva iyoyo vari mupurogiramu masangano aya (somuenzaniso, NRC) vakazivisa rusununguko rwokubudisa mashoko, rwokutaura, chitendero, kushamwaridzana, ungano, inviolability ari munhu, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Panyaya agrarian chirongwa, akanga asingabvumi kuchinja. The Black Mazana havana kubvuma zvauri kupomerwa. Vasingaguti ane pfungwa rushoma kutorerwa Varidzi venyika. Vakati aida kutengesa vanhuwo zvavo pamusoro ehurumende-anazvo shama nyika uye kuva nechikwereti maitiro uye rendi.

kadheti Kuuraya

Black Hundred Party pakutanga XX remakore panguva chimurenga (1905-07.) Vaiva akaramba ari ruzhinji hurumende vakatevera mutemo. Vakauraya nhengo maviri Central Committee of kadheti Party - GB Yollos uye MJ Herzenstein. Uye iye nevamwe vaiva avo vavengi enyika; vakanga liberals, vaJudha uye vaimbova State Duma wevatariri. Special kutsamwa reactionaries akaita Gertsenshtein muzvinafundo, akataura pamusoro agrarian mubvunzo. Akaurayiwa July 18, 1906 mu Terioki. Vakwikwidzi of "Union wokuRussia People" vakabatwa nemhosva panyaya. Polovnev ichi A., N. Yuskevich-Kraskovsky, E. uye Larichkin Aleksandrov. The nhatu dzokutanga vakatongerwa kuti rakabatanidzwawo ndokupa 6 makore, uye Alexander akagamuchira 6 mwedzi kuti chinhu asina kuudzwa pamusoro vakaronga mhosva. Alexander Kazantsev, yokudhirowa kupondwa, akanga pachake akaurayiwa iyoyo, saka regai kuzviratidza mudare.

Black Mazana vanorasikirwa simba

Black Mazana - bato dzakasvikwa chimurenga akatadza kuva enyika kuroorwa simba, pasinei vamwe budiriro. Vamiririri Its kukwanisa kuwana nhamba muvakutsiri mu multiform, multi-kwemadzinza Russian vanhu zvakakwana. Asi nhengo rwokufamba ichi Vakandikomberedza kuzorwa kukuru leftist mapato uye centrist sunungukei yeChina, vakanga nesimba panguva. Kunyange chikamu zvinogona vatsigiri pakati vatsigiri youmambo urudzi Akapandukirawo navo.

Nevanopikisana navo episodic mhirizhonga uye yakakura zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe enyika Black Mazana, derzhavniki vaiva nesimba, asi madzinza urudzi akaona rinenge huru kutyisidzira hurumende. Vakakwanisa vabvume Nicholas II, iyo sympathizer "vatsigiri", uyewo dare madenderedzwa kudiwa kutsauka kufamba ichi. Izvi mberi vakashaisa Black Mazana munzvimbo yezvematongetwo pamusoro avaida zvakaitika 1917. The War World First zvakonzerawo kwakaderera racho. Iye akaenda vazvipiri, vatsigiri vazhinji uye vanhuwo nhengo Black Mazana. Tiri kuziva sangano iri Revolution pamusoro 1917, gore haana kuita basa rinokosha. Black Mazana - bato, vakasara zvakanga utsinye akaparadzwa pashure kukunda pakati Bolsheviks, uyo akaona ari urudzi kurwisa reSoviet hurongwa.

Kurambidza masangano nokutapwa nhengo dzavo

Black Zana sangano pashure yaFebruary Revolution zvakarambidzwa. Vakaramba yapera nenzira pachivande chinzvimbo. Vazhinji vatungamiri vakakurumbira munguva Civil War, akabatana sangano chena. Kamwe vari nhapwa, vakatsoropodza mabasa emigres Russian. Vamwe vamiririri vakakurumbira rwokufamba ichi akabatana pamusoro nguva nemasangano nationalist.